【作者】 李志远；

【导师】 赵树宽；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 随着知识经济时代的到来，科技创新的主导作用日益显著，以共建共享为核心的科技资源建设已成为国家创新体系的重要组成部分。科技资源整合的好坏直接关系着一个国家科技与经济社会发展的动力和方向、影响着一个企业的兴衰存亡。为适应国际创新竞争的时代潮流，针对我国科技与经济发展的特殊背景和面临的主要问题，分析我国科技资源的整合的现状，探究科技资源整合对企业创新绩效的影响，以增强企业的创新能力和国家竞争力具有重要作用。科技资源整合的研究，对我国企业面向知识经济、发展科学技术、走向国际化都有重要意义。从实际情况看，在我们的经济生活中一些政府部门、企业，还没有引起对科技资源稀缺、科技资源有限、科技资源配置不合理等问题的高度重视，不少部门和企业还在不自觉地走一条以高投入、高消耗、低效率为主的经济发展道路。因此，通过构建模型，研究分析科技资源整合的扩散效应对企业创新绩效的影响，以根据现有情况提出合理的对策建议，具有重要的理论和现实意义。科技资源整合过程是指企业对不同类型科技资源进行识别、获取、配置和利用,使之具有较强的柔性、条理性、系统性和价值性,并创造出新的资源的一个复杂的动态过程。通过对企业科技内外资源、传统资源与新资源、个体资源与组织资源、横向资源与纵向资源等实施有效的整合,企业可以充分发挥这些科技资源的使用效能并创造出新的资源,从而提升企业的竞争力。科技资源整合能力可以划分为科技资源构建能力和科技资源利用能力，也可以划分为微观、中观和宏观三个层面的整合能力，都充分的说明了科技资源整合能力对一个企业进行资源整合的重要性。我们将科技资源整合能力划分为科技人力资源整合能力，科技财物资源整合能力和科技信息资源整合能力三个维度，有助于对科技资源整合能力研究的更深入、更细致、更具体。科技资源整合的扩散效应是一个非常复杂的系统，它是建立在科技资源整合过程基础之上的，作用于企业创新绩效变化的一个中间变量，这个变量的作用过程是非线性的，变量本身也是一个抽象的概念，在这个扩散过程中，科技资源整合过程和企业创新绩效会在不同的时间充当主体和客体，他们之间不断的影响，相互渗透和干扰，同时在系统内部运动中体现出强烈的复杂非线性特征。科技资源整合的扩散效应是以类似于水波的物理运动方式在企业的内部进行扩散，并最终影响企业创新绩效的过程，科技资源整合的扩散效应正在企业的内部的作用机制呈现出层层递进的作用关系，其作用过程是我们无法看见的，扩散效应作用结果的明显与否是评价扩散效应作用好与坏的唯一标准，其作用的最终的目标就是使企业的创新绩效能够不断的提高。在对科技资源整合过程、科技资源整合能力、扩散效应及企业创新绩效进行界定和维度划分的基础上，根据文献综述成果和案例研究，构建科技资源整合影响企业创新绩效的概念模型，分析要素维度之间的作用关系，揭示要素之间的作用机理，并提出相关假设。从科技资源识别与获取和科技资源配置与利用两个角度，分别分析二者与科技人力资源整合能力、科技财物资源整合能力、科技信息资源整合能力，并提出假设；从科技资源识别与获取和科技资源配置与利用两个角度，分别分析二者与扩散效应、企业创新绩效的关系，并提出假设；从科技人力资源整合能力、科技财物资源整合能力和科技信息资源整合能力三个角度，分别分析三者与扩散效应、企业创新绩效的关系，并提出假设；从扩散效应角度，分析与企业创新绩效的关系，并提出假设；分析了科技资源整合能力对科技资源整合过程与扩散效应关系的中介作用，并提出假设；分析了扩散效应对科技资源整合过程与企业创新绩效关系的中介作用，并提出假设；分析了扩散效应对科技资源整合能力与企业创新绩效关系的中介作用，并提出假设。结合国内外成熟的度量指标，本文对科技资源识别与获取、科技资源配置与利用、科技人力资源整合能力、科技财物资源整合能力、科技信息资源整合能力、扩散效应以及企业创新绩效进行维度度量，设计量表，并进行数据调研和收集。利用软件SPSS13.0和LISREL8.70对数据进行分析，并对检验结果进行讨论。实证检验结果表明22条假设中有15条通过，7条未获得通过。对于通过验证的假设，讨论其意义，对与未通过验证的假设，结合企业发展的实际情况对其原因进行深入剖析。最后从企业科技资源整合模式的构建、扩散效应作用的发挥和实现企业创新绩效的路径三个方面进行综合讨论。研究的基本结论，在科技资源整合影响企业创新绩效的过程中，科技资源识别与获取同科技人力资源整合能力、科技财物资源整合能力、企业创新绩效之间存在显著正相关关系，科技资源配置与利用同科技信息资源整合能力、扩散效应之间不存在正相关关系。科技资源配置与利用同科技财物资源整合能力、科技信息资源整合能力、扩散效应、企业创新绩效之间存在显著正相关关系。科技人力资源整合能力与扩散效应、企业创新绩效存在显著正相关关系。科技财物资源整合能力与扩散效应、企业创新绩效之间存在显著正相关关系。科技信息资源整合能力与扩散效应之间不存在正相关关系，科技信息资源整合能力与企业创新绩效之间存在显著正相关关系。扩散效应与企业创新绩效之间存在显著正相关关系。科技人力资源整合能力对科技资源识别与获取、科技资源配置与利用同扩散效应之间的正相关关系具有中介作用。科技财物资源整合能力对科技人力资源整合能力同扩散效应之间的正相关关系没起到中介作用，科技财物资源整合能力对科技资源配置与利用同扩散效应之间的正相关关系具有中介作用。科技信息资源整合能力对科技资源识别与获取、科技配置与利用同扩散效应之间的正相关关系没起到中介作用。扩散效应对科技资源配置与利用、科技人力资源整合能力、科技财物资源整合能力同企业创新绩效之间的正相关关系具有中介作用，扩散效应对科技资源识别与获取、科技信息资源整合能力同企业创新绩效之间的正相关关系没起到中介作用。本研究主要从以下创新点。1）本研究构建并验证了科技资源整合过程、科技资源整合能力、扩散效应和企业创新绩效四者关系的整体模型。本研究创造性的建立了企业创新绩效与科技资源整合过程和科技资源整合能力之间的关系模型，使研究内容更加具体化，使研究成果更有指导价值。企业创新绩效的研究已经使科技资源整合逐渐成为主要的创新方式，在整体研究模型中，本研究紧跟时代的节拍，把企业创新绩效作为模型研究的一个因变量，使研究成果更有价值。2）验证了扩散效应在整体模型的中介作用。本研究用模型来描述了扩散效应的作用机理，使扩散效应的中介作用更加具体化和形象化，使研究的路径更加具体，研究的切入点更加细致。同时在模型设计上也突破了以往研究中资源整合直接影响企业创新绩效的的不足，而是把扩散效应作为企业创新绩效和科技资源整合的中介变量，更加细致的探究了科技资源整合与企业创新绩效之间的具体影响路径，使研究体系更加科学完善合理。3）本研究关注的科技资源整合与企业创新绩效之间的关系，而不同于以往的资源整合，“科技”二字使本研究更具有时代的特点。本研究立足企业创新绩效的理论基础，以吉林省汽车行业等相关企业为实证，通过对影响要素相关关系的研究，得出了极具价值的研究结论，为今后企业科技资源整合实证定性研究的发展提供了新的思路，使研究成果更具有现实指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the advent of the era of the knowledge-based economy, the leading role intechnology innovation is increasingly significant. The construction of scientific resourceswhose core is sharing the resource has become an important part in the national innovationsystem. The good or bad of the integration of technological resources affect directly themomentum and direction of a country’s social development of the science and economy andaffect the rise and fall of a business. In order to meet the trend of the times of theinternational innovation competition, for Chinese special background of the development ofthe science and economy and the main problems that we face, we begin to analyze thecurrent situation of our country’s integration of scientific resources and explore the effectthat integration of technological resources made to the innovation performance of thecompany to enhance the innovative capability of enterprises and national competitiveness.The study of the integration of scientific resources has the significance effect to theenterprises who face the knowledge-oriented economy、the development of the science andtechnology and the internationalization. From the actual situation, some governmentdepartments and enterprises in our economic life haven’t paid high attention to the scarcityof scientific resources、the limitation of scientific resources and the irrational allocation ofscientific resources. A lot of departments and enterprises have unconsciously gone to theroad of a high input、high consumption and low efficiency-based economic development.Therefore, by constructing a model to study the impact that the diffusion effect oftechnological resources integration made to the innovation performance of the company andmaking reasonable suggestions which based on the existing conditions have importanttheoretical and practical significances.The process of integration of scientific resources is a complex dynamic process whichmeans that enterprises indentify、acquire、configure and use different types of scientificresources to make it have the strong flexibility、clarity、systemic、valuable and create newresources. Through the effective integration of the enterprise’s inside and outside resources、traditional and new resources、individual and organizational resources、transverse andvertical resources, enterprise can give full play to the use of the resources and create new resources to enhance the competition of the enterprise.The integration capability of scientific resources can be divided into the build ability toscientific resources and the use ability to scientific resources, and it can also be divided intothe integration capabilities of micro、meso and macro. Above all can explain the importanceof integration ability of scientific resources to the resources integration of enterprise.Wedivide the integration ability of the scientific resources into the integration ability ofscientific human resources、scientific financial resources and scientific information resourceswhich can contribute to the deeper、more detailed and more specific study of the integrationability of scientific resources.The diffusion effect of integration of science and technology resources is a verycomplex system. It is built on the basis of the integration process of scientific andtechnological resources. The role of an intermediate variable in the innovation performancechange, the role of this variable is non-linear and itself is an abstract concept. In thisdiffusion process, the process of integration of scientific and technological resources andinnovative performance at different times, serve as subject and object. Between them theimpact of mutual penetration and interference within the system movement embodied astrong sense of the complex nonlinear characteristics. The diffusion effects of the integrationof scientific and technological resources are the process of wave-like physical exercisewithin the corporate spread and ultimately affect the innovative performance. Themechanism of action of the enterprise’s internal technology resources to integrate thediffusion effect is showing progressive layers, the role of relationships, and its role in theprocess that we can not see. Obvious whether or not the proliferation of the results of theeffect of the role of the sole criterion for evaluation of diffusion affects the role of good andbad, its role in the ultimate goal is to make the innovation performance of enterprises to beable to continuously improve.In this paper, on the basis of the process of integration of scientific and technologicalresources, technological resources integration capability, diffusion effects and corporateinnovation define and dimension divided, based on literature review results and case studiesto build a conceptual model based on scientific and technological resources to integrateinnovative performance, the role relationship between the elements of the dimension,revealing the mechanism of action between the elements, and make relevant assumptions.From the scientific and technological resources to identify and access and technologyresource allocation and utilization of two angles, analysis of both of science and technologyhuman resource integration capability, ability to integrate technology financial resources, ability to integrate technology information resources, and hypothetical. From the scientificand technological resources to identify and access and technology resource allocation andutilization of two angles, analysis of the relationship between the two and the diffusion effect,the enterprise and innovation performance, and hypothesis. From the integration capabilitiesof human resources for science and technology, integration capabilities of science andtechnology financial resources, integration capabilities of science and technologyinformation resources of three angles, analysis of the relationship between the three and thediffusion effect, the enterprise and innovation performance, and hypothesis. From theperspective of diffusion effects, analysis of its relationship with innovative performance andhypothesis. Analysis of the intermediary role of scientific and technological resources theability to integrate the scientific and technological resources of the integration process withthe diffusion effect, intermediary role of the diffusion effect on the integration process andcooperation in innovation performance of scientific and technological resources,intermediary role of the diffusion effect on the integration and cooperation in innovationperformance of scientific and technological resources and hypothesis respectively.At home and abroad to measure mature, scientific and technological resources toidentify and access, configuration and utilization of scientific and technological resources,science and technology human resource integration capacity, technology, financial resourcesthe ability to integrate science and technology information resources ability to integrate thediffusion effect and the innovation performance metric dimensions design scale, and dataresearch and collection. Use the software SPSS13.0and LISREL8.70of the data analysis,and test results are discussed. The empirical test results show that in the22assumption, thereare15have adopted and7have not been adopted. Validated assumptions, discuss itssignificance. For reasons not validated assumptions, combined with the development ofenterprises in-depth analysis. Finally, from the integrated model of corporate technologicalresources to build, the diffusion effect of role play and the path of innovation performance ofthe three aspects to comprehensive discussion.The conclusion represents that there is a positive correlation between identifyingtechnological resources and accessing technological human resources, finance resourcesintegration, innovation performance of corporation. The conclusion also tells that there isn’ta positive correlation between technological resource allocation and technological resourcesintegration, diffusion effect. There is a distinctly positive correlation between technologicalresource allocation and technological finance, information, diffusion effect, innovationperformance of corporation. There is also a significantly positive correlation between technological human resource integration, diffusion effect, innovation performance. There isa drastically positive correlation between technological finance resources and diffusioneffect, innovation performance of corporation, but not the technological informationresources and diffusion effect. The research also tells us that there is a positive effectbetween technological information resource integration and corporate innovationperformance. Diffusion effect and innovation performance have the same positive correlationand the scene also occurs between technological finance resource integration andtechnological human resource integration, diffusion effect. Intermediary role is very obviousamong technological human resource integration, identification and accessing technologicalresources, technological resource allocation, using diffusion effect. The scene is alsoapplicable between technological finance resource integration and technological resourceallocation, using diffusion effect. There isn’t a intermediary role between technologicalinformation resource integration and identification and accessing technological resource,technological allocation, diffusion effect. But the scene isn’t applicable to diffusion effect,technological resource allocation, technological human resource, finance resourceintegration, innovation performance of corporation. Among diffusion effect, identificationtechnological resource, technological information resource integration, innovationperformance of corporation, there isn’t intermediary role.The Innovation of this paper focus on：1）The paper constructed and verified the process of integration of scientific andtechnological resources, technological resources integration capability, the overall model ofthe diffusion effect and the innovation performance of the four relations. What’s more，established the model of the relationship between innovation performance and technologyresources to the integration process and technological resources as well as the ability ofintegration and further specified it. The result is of more guidance value.2.）Verified the intermediary role of diffusion effect in the overall model. Modeled themechanism and action of diffusion effect can produce a more delicate point. In addition thedesignation of the model broken through the restriction previously, instead insert aintermediate variables of diffusion effect to explain the innovative performance andtechnological integration of resources, exploring the specific impact of the path, as to makethe study more comprehensive and reasonable.3）The paper focus on the relationship between the innovative performance andtechnological integration of resources, especially on science and technology, it’s a new point.Based on the theory of the innovation performance theory, and proved by Jilin Province, the automotive industry and related business. Obtained valuable conclusion through studyingrelevant factors, put forward new ideas for future research. The research is more practicalsignificance.更多还原