【作者】 周晓燕；

【导师】 徐正考；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 本文讨论的动物词分为两类一：是用来称说动物的名词；二是以动物词、动物身体部位或其出产物名称作为构词语素而衍生出的词。在广泛搜集散见在历代经学、小学、农书、本草、史书、方志、谱录、类书、志怪、笔记、诗词歌赋等各类文献以及现代汉语中的动物词的基础上，力求对动物词的命名理据、构成方式、语义特征和语用特点进行分析，力争从中窥见汉语动物词传承与发展的一般规律和新词生成的一般特点。除此以外，我们将重点关注动物词与民族文化之间的相互作用，立足于民族文化和本民族的思维习惯，从现代语言学角度对汉语中的动物词进行语义、语法、语用相结合的研究。本文共分六章。第一章《绪论》部分介绍的是动物词的分类和来源、研究的目标与方法以及研究价值。第二章《动物词研究现状》中，将对近年来动物词的研究成果进行归纳与分析。第三章《动物词造词法》在汉语命名理据研究和造词法研究的基础上，结合古今动物词的特点，将其造词法分为拟音、衍生和合成三类。第四章《动物词构词法》重点分析合成动物复音词的构成方式及其语义特点。第五章《动物词义研究》从词义类型和发展趋势两个角度分析阐释动物词的词义特点。我们将从词汇意义、色彩意义和语法意义三个层次去理解动物词的词义；通过临时意义的约定俗成和修辞意义的约定俗成两条路径去分析动物词义引申和发展的规律。第六章《动物词与民族文化》探讨的是动物词与民族文化之间的相互作用。典故记录了古代社会动物与人们的密切联系，动物词经常作为詈词去使用，并常常参与人名、地名的构造，动物词的使用是人们发泄主观情绪、表达个人情感的有效途径之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 The animal words discussed in this dissertation can be divided into two categories: one includes the nouns that are used to name the animals, and the other one includes the words which are derived from the morphemes based on the animal words, the animals’body parts or the names of their products. On the basis of the extensive collection of the animal words which can be found in the documents of the past dynasties, such as the classical studies, the philology, the agricultural books, the Chinese Materia Medica, the history books, the local records, the atlas records, the category books, the novels on demons and ghosts, the novels and the poems and songs, as well as the animal words in modern Chinese, we try to make an analysis of numerology data, composing manner, semantic feature and pragmatic feature of the animal words, and try to find the general laws of inheritance and development of the Chinese animal words, as well as the general features of the generation of the new words. In addition, we will focus on the interaction between the animal words and the national cultures. Basing on the national cultures and the thinking habits, we will make researches on semantic, grammar and pragmatic from the perspective of modern linguistics.This dissertation consists of six chapters.Chapter one is an introduction of the classification and origin of the animal words, as well as the purpose, methods and value of this study. In chapter two, "The Study Status of the Animal Words", we will make an analysis and induction of recent findings of the animal words. In chapter three, "The Creation of the Animal Words" basing on Chinese naming principles and word creation methods, we classify the formation into imitation, derivation and compound. In chapter four, "The Formation of the Animal Words", we focus on the composing manners and the semantic features of the polysyllabic words. In chapter five, "The Meaning of Animal Words", we interpret the feature of meaning from the perspectives of type and development trend. We will apprehend the meaning from vocabulary meaning, color meaning and grammar meaning, and we will analyze the law how the animal words extend and develop by means of the temporary meaning and figurative meaning. In chapter six, "The Animal Words and the National Culture", we explore the interaction between animal words and national culture. The allusion records the close relationship between human beings and animals in ancient times. The animal words were used as swearwords, and played a role in the formation of naming a person or a place. The use of the animal words is one of the effective ways for people to release their mood and to express their personal emotions.更多还原