【作者】 周艳芳；

【导师】 周磊山；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 摘要：城市轨道交通以其大运量、快捷、安全、节能环保等特性,已成为缓解我国城市化进程中交通问题的必然途径。随着轨道交通路网结构快速扩充,轨道交通从单线运营进入到网络化运营阶段。城市轨道交通网络化运营通过车站与线路的有效衔接,形成规模大、功能强的客运网络,线路之间和车站之间实现互联、互通、互动、资源共享,从而满足城市公共交通和乘客出行的需求。城市轨道交通系统的客流以随机汇聚的人群为主,相对单线而言,乘客出行路径、线路运营状况以及线间协调性等都发生了根本性的变化,这一特点导致城市轨道交通系统运行计划的独特复杂性。立足于城市轨道交通网络化运营现状,以提高网络化运营效率为根本目标,本文在充分借鉴国内外先进经验的基础上,从以下几个方面对已知路网OD及可调配运力资源约束的轨道交通路网列车运行计划一体化编制理论及方法进行研究：(1)以“分布式运营、集中性协调”路网的列车运行计划一体化编制特征分析为基础,给出城市轨道交通网络列车运行计划一体化编制的定义和内涵。设计了基于线路分散自治与路网层次交互协作的路网列车运行计划一体化编制机制及流程,针对城市轨道交通网络运行计划编制的需求及特征,提出了城市轨道交通网络列车运行计划一体化编制理论框架。(2)以网络客流时空分布分层多变的特征为基础,基于路网线路拓扑结构的分层网络描述,提出基于构成依赖型随机概率的路网客流分配,并应用分层网络最短路算法计算最优路径,实现网络客流的分线路离散化；基于有序样本差异序列聚类法,设计城市轨道交通线路客流时段划分方法,以此作为线路时段列车发车频率优化依据；设计了换乘站时段分向换乘客流量计算方法,以此作为线间协调依据。(3)以线路发车频率影响因素分析为基础,构建了线路多时段列车发车频率多目标优化模型,模型以受列车发车频率影响的运营可变成本、乘客成本及虚糜惩罚为优化目标,提出了基于多方案反馈交互决策满意度方法的城市轨道交通线路列车发车频率模型求解方法；以线路最大输送能力为约束,对高峰期的留乘问题进行了分析；并根据客流时段与行车密度控制的关系分析,提出了列车发车频率时段控制方法。(4)以列车发车频率设计结果为输入,针对城市轨道交通系统列车运行的离散动态特征,将列车在线运行看作循环排队网络的串行生产线,构建基于极大代数的城市轨道交通线路列车运行计划编制优化模型,确定列车车站到、发时刻；以模型的可控性、周期性等特征为依据,提出了基于反馈控制的模型参数优化方法。(5)以网络的线间换乘客流组织优化为目标,分析了网络化运营条件下流(?)车关系,提出基于线间协作的线路列车运行计划协调目标、策略,并给出了基于运行线平移技术的线路列车运行计划协调方法；分析了首末车发车时间问题的差异性,根据末班车的衔接特征构建末班车的衔接损失最小模型,以运行线平移技术为手段,实现了路网线间衔接的协调；以高峰期路网能力约束为上限,对路网换乘节点的流线协调问题进行了分析。(6)以城市轨道交通网络列车运行计划编制关键理论和技术为基础,设计城市轨道交通列车运行计划编制系统,实现列车运行计划的计算机自动编制。更多还原

【Abstract】 ABSTRACT:Urban mass transit system has become one of the key approaches to mitigate urban traffic problems in China, due to its large capacity, fast speed, safe, and sustainable characteristics. Urban mass transit operations has changed from route level to a network level with rapid expansion. A network based urban mass transit operations system can provide better service to the public through effective interaction between multiple routes and stations. On the other hand, it is extremely complicated to make operations plan in the network level than in a single route level due to the integration between multiple routes and stations, as well as the stochastic characteristics of passenger demand and route choice. Therefore, in order to improve the urban mass transit system operations efficiency, this study analyzed passenger OD flow in the current network, and train timetabling integration techniques under capacity constraints in the following ways:(1) This dissertation puts forward the definition, connotation, mechanism and drafting procedures of integrity train timetabling for urban rail transit network, which based on its requirements analysis with features of "Distributed operation and Centralized coordination", and brings out the theory frame of integration train timetabling.(2) This dissertation puts forward the method for urban rail transit Assignment, which based on constituent-dependent Random probability of passengers, and presents the shortest path algorithm method by using hierarchical network model. It designs the partitioning method of Operation time interval with sequential clustering of hourly section passenger volume. It puts forward the calculate method of transfer volume in each direction by introducing binary variables.(3) This dissertation develops the multi-objective optimization model for train frequencies setting problem on a urban rail transit network to minimize the variable costs, the total passenger cost and the capacity wasting, The solution of this problem consists of two steps:Firstly, the objective function of each feasible solution was calculated; secondly, the interactive satisfying of multi-scheme decision feedback method was performed, and time interval of frequency setting control was brought out according to time delay research. With the maximum capacity constraint, the problem of passenger boarding surplus in peak hour was discussed in this dissertation too. (4) This dissertation presents a max-plus based model for urban railway network timetabling with input of train departure frequency obtained from chapter3by using cyclic series product lines representation. And parameter optimization of the model was put forward in this dissertation.(5) This dissertation puts forward a measure for the transferring optimizing problem in which lowering the period and the total transferring waiting time,the total passenger dissatisfied criterion, which based on travel line shifting method; and develops way to resolve the first and last train departure time setting problem while extending transfer optimize measure to specific trains. With the maximum transferring capacity constraints, the problem of passenger coordination at transfer stations in peak hour was discussed in this dissertation too.(6) This dissertation designs timetabling system for urban rail transit network, which Based on the integration train timetabling theory in this dissertation.更多还原