【作者】 周青年；

【导师】 徐勇；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 政府经济学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 近些年来,随着国家惠农政策的下乡,我国农业生产、农民生活、农村生态发生了巨大的变化,农村经济社会发展进入了一个新的时期。国家惠农政策信息的下沉,要经过多个层级管道,才能由国家流向农民,这就涉及到政策信息的保真性问题,农民能不能真正享受到政策好处的问题。本文选取信息传递的视角,来研究国家惠农政策决策、执行、接受的问题与特征,并将关注点集中于：惠农政策信息是怎样在国家和农民之间传递、作用、反馈,以至于最终相互影响和发生功效的。惠农政策决策的信息传递。政策决策信息经由从中央到地方的纵向推进,地方媒体宣传的横向铺展,贯彻落实的先后相继的立体传播而到达农民受众。政策信息的下传,大众媒体、政府组织、互联网络以及人际传播充当了传播载体。然而,由于农村、农民的现实状况,制约了政策信息的下传与上达。惠农政策要吸纳农民需求,并不一件容易的事。国家构建了下情上达的机制与通道,整合正式与非正式两种渠道与方式,试图确保信息传递机制的畅通。惠农政策执行的信息传递。基层政府是政策信息传递的关键环节,也是中央政府政策目标实现的必经环节。国家惠农政策在执行环节中,基层政府对政策信息的过滤或改造,在执行中发生目标变异,敷衍与歪曲国家政策,造成对农民实惠性的侵蚀,对国家权威性的消解。这是由于执行者与决策的利益的分别,中央政策本身对地方特点的适应性情况,以及政策执行中操作空间的存在,都对国家政策的信息传递产生不利的影响。惠农政策接受的信息传递。政策内容为农民所知晓、掌握与接受,是惠农政策信息传递的最终目标。农民对惠农政策的知晓程度较高,但知晓质量不太高。农民的政策满意度与政策的执行效力都有待提高,农民对基层政府政策落实中发挥的作用不太满意。农民个体特征与区域群体影响着农民对政策的享受与评价。惠农政策能够增加农民的货币收入,解决农民的暂时支出困难,也能够改善生活质量,还能够获得民心,赢得农民的拥护,但民生性政策毕竟不能培育农民的增收能力,不能提高农业的生产能力,也不能增强农村的发展后劲。有效信息传递机制的建构与整合。中央与地方存在信息不对称,央地之间需要信息沟通。农民对政策的理解依赖政策信息的传递通道、手段、效果,也依赖自身特征,信息传递与农民理解相结合也需要关注。因而,要以农民需求为导向,提高决策信息的针对性。以责任政府为重任,提升基层政府政策执行力。以培育理念为指导,提高农民政策信息接受质量。以利益整合为手段,化解信息传递中的冲突。以监督体系为保障,保证政策信息传递效果。从而,完善国家惠农政策体系,促进政策的针对性和效率性,真正达致满足农民需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the implementation of the national preferential agricultural policies in the countryside, China’s agricultural production, farmers living, and rural ecology has undergone tremendous change. And rural economic and social development has entered a new era. With the sinking of the national agricultural policy, it must go through multiple levels of pipeline, and then flows from the State to farmers. This is related to the fidelity of the policy information; farmers can not really enjoy the policy benefits. This paper selects the perspective of information transfer, studies the decision-making, implementation, acception of the national agricultural policy, and pay close attention to the problem and characteristics of the policy process. The concerns focus on:how the information of the preferential agricultural policy is passed between the state and farmers, how the role of feedback is, so that eventually finds mutual influence and efficacy.Through longitudinal launching from the central to local gonenment, local media publicity lateral spreading, policy decision information reach farmers and carry out the priorities of successive. In the process of policy transmission of information, mass media, government organizations, the Internet, and interpersonal communication acts as a propagation vector.However, due to the reality of rural farmers, which restricts the policy information transfer and up. Ipolicy to absorb farmers demand is not an easy thing. State building mechanisms and channels of communication, integration of both formal and informal channels and methods, to try to ensure the smooth flow of information transmission mechanism.Grassroots government is the key link of information transfer policy, also is the central government policy an inevitable part of the realization of the goal. National policy in the implementation of the link of benefit, the basic unit government information filtering of policy or modification, happened in the implementation of the target variation, perfunctory and distort state policies, and cause damage to the benefit of the erosion of farmers, the resolution of the authority of the state. This is because the executives and decision-making interests respectively, the central policy itself to the local characteristics of adaptability. And the existence of the operating space in the policy execution is adversely to the national policy of information. Policy content for the farmers knows, master and accepts, benefit is the ultimate goal of information transfer policy. Degree to policy of knowledge of farmers is higher, but the quality is not too high. To be improved the effectiveness of policy satisfaction and the implementation of policies, and farmers are not satisfied with the role of grass-roots government implement policies. Farmers’individual and regional group’s characteristics affect farmers’enjoyment and evaluation of policies. The policies can increase the farmers’monetary income, solve the difficulties of the farmers’temporary spending, improve the quality of life, gain people, and win the support of farmers.But the policy can’t cultivate the peasants’income ability, can’t increase agricultural production ability, and can’t increase rural development in the future.The central and local government exist information asymmetry, and they need information communications.The farmers understand the policy dependent on policy information transmission channel, means, results, and rely on their own characteristics; between information transmission and the farmer’s understanding also need to focus on it. Thus, oriented to the needs of farmers, improve the relevance of the decision-making information. By the responsible government for responsibility, improve the basic unit government policy executive force. Training philosophy as a guide, improve the quality of policy information to accept. To interest integration as the means, dissolve the information transfer of conflict. With the supervision system for security, guarantee policy information transfer effect. Thus, perfect the state policy and benefit system, promote the pertinence and efficiency of the policy, and meet the real farmers need.更多还原