【作者】 李卫芳；

【导师】 高岚； 陈建成；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 随着城市化及工业化的不断推进,农业要素的流失、农业的衰退及城市生态环境问题的日益突出,北京市面临着前所未有的城市发展压力。近年来,集生产、生活、生态诸多功能于一体的现代都市农业的迅速发展,使人们看到摆脱这些困境的希望。伴随着城市性质和功能的变化,北京已成功实现了产业结构从“生产型”向“服务型”的转型以及生产服务业替代传统服务业的结构升级,基本形成了与政治文化中心和国际城市相适应的城市功能结构。与此同时,北京市的农业在经济发展中的地位也发生了变化,农业的经济功能不断向社会及生态功能转变,即农业为居民提供初级农产品的生产功能已经居于次要地位,而满足广大市民的观光休闲、娱乐和保护生态的功能逐渐上升至主导地位。居民的多元化、多层次的物质、文化生活需求,对北京都市型现代农业的发展提出了更高要求。因此,按照“人文北京、科技北京、绿色北京”和建设世界城市的新要求,发展都市型现代农业是北京农业发展的现实和理想选择。北京已成功实现了产业结构从“生产型”向“服务型”转型和生产服务业替代传统服务业的结构升级,基本形成了与政治文化中心和国际城市相适应的城市功能结构。与此同时,北京市的农业在经济发展中的地位也发生了变化,农业的经济功能不断向社会及生态功能转变,即农业为居民提供初级农产品的生产功能已经居于次要地位,而满足广大市民的观光休闲、娱乐和保护生态的功能逐渐上升至主导地位。居民的多元化、多层次的物质、文化生活需求,对北京都市型现代农业发展提出了更高的要求。因此,按照“人文北京、科技北京、绿色北京”和建设世界城市的新要求,本文提出发展都市型现代农业是北京市都市农业发展的现实和理想选择。全文总体研究思路：第一,系统阐述了都市型现代农业发展的国内外研究动态并对都市型现代农业的基本理论作了简要评析与归纳总结,为后文进一步讨论都市农业发展奠定理论基础。第二,从理论研究角度看,本文从低碳经济的国际化趋势和未来我国发展中节能减排的客观需求,以及都市型现代农业产业化体系建设和农业科技管理需要等现实需求,深入剖析了都市型现代农业在低碳经济时代下发展的动力因素,以此为基础,构建了北京都市型现代农业发展的动力机制,为都市型现代农业的研究提供了客观依据。第三,从实践角度看,本文将前面的理论具体应用于北京都市型现代农业的发展。首先,对北京市都市型现代农业发展的优势、劣势、机会及威胁进行系统分析。其次,分析了北京市都市型现代农业发展历史变迁与现状。包括从历史的角度考察并分析其演进过程；从农业经济地位、产业结构、产业布局及组织方式等视角分析其现状特征,从而为北京都市型现代农业的发展提供了客观依据与现实基础。第四,从全新方法的视角看,本文首先构建了都市型现代农业效率的投入产出指标体系,应用全要素分析法以及数据包络模型,对北京市都市型现代农业的发展进行了实证分析,评价了北京都市型现代农业在经济、社会、生态功能方面的资源配置状况,并提出相应的对策建议,为进一步提高北京市都市型现代农业的发展提供了一定的参考价值,同时为推进现代都市农业的理论研究和实践提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With urbanization and industrialization continuously promoting, the loss of agricultural elements, the decline of agriculture and urban ecological environmental problems have arisen. Beijing is facing an unprecedented urban development pressure. But in recent years, the rapid development of modern urban agriculture with production, life, ecology, leisure and many other functions give people the hope to get rid of these difficulties. With the changes of city properties and function, Beijing has successfully achieved the industrial structural transformation from the "production" to the "service" and structure upgrading which production services replaces traditional services. Basically formed the city function structure adapt to the political and cultural center and international city. Meanwhile, the position of agriculture has changed in economic development in Beijing. The economic function of agriculture keeps changing to social and ecological function. That is to say the function of providing residents with primary agricultural production plays a second role. While the function of tourism, leisure, entertainment and ecological protection gradual rise to dominance. The residents’diverse, multi-layered material and cultural needs has put forward higher requirements to the development of modern city agriculture in Beijing.Therefore, according to "Humanities, Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing green" world cities, and the new requirements of constructed into world cities; urban agriculture is the reality and the ideal choice to Beijing’s agricultural development.Full text of the general research thoughts:First, this paper systematic expost the development of domestic and international research and theory of urban modern agriculture. And briefly comment and summarized the basic theory of urban modern agriculture and lay the theoretical basis for further discussion of the development of urban agriculture later.Second, from the theoretical level, this paper makes a thorough analysis of the dynamic factors of urban modern agriculture development in low-carbon economy from the perspective of objective demands and current demands. The objective demands include international trend of low-carbon economy and future development of China’s energy saving. The current demands include modern urban agricultural industrial system development and agricultural technology management needs. On this basis, the paper builds a structure model of dynamic mechanism for modern urban agriculture development in Beijing. It provides an objective basis for the study of urban modern agriculture.Third, from a practical view, it applies the theories above to the development of modern urban agriculture in Beijing. First, systematically analyze the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats for the Beijing modern urban agricultural development. Second, analyzes historical changes and present situations. It studies evolution of modern urban agriculture from a historical perspective. The paper analyzes the modern urban agriculture present characteristics according to the economic status of agriculture, industrial structure and layout and organization mode. It provides an objective basis and realistic foundation for the Beijing modern urban agriculture.Fourth, from the perspective of the new method, the paper firstly builds efficiency input-output indicators of modern agriculture. All elements of analysis and data envelopment analysis are used to empirically research the development of modern urban agriculture in Beijing. And evaluates the efficiency of resource allocation of Beijing modern agriculture in the economic, social and ecological function, and proposes corresponding countermeasures and suggestions which providing reference value to further improvement of modern urban agriculture in Beijing. At the same time, it provides the theory and practice promotion of modern urban agriculture with the scientific basis.更多还原