【作者】 佟文明；

【导师】 唐任远；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 电机与电器， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 在国家863计划项目“新型变速恒压永磁风力发电机设计与制造技术”和哈尔滨大电机研究所合作项目“1.5MW半直驱永磁风力发电机设计”的资助下，本文针对制约大型低速永磁风力发电机的重量、成本和发电性能问题进行了深入研究，建立和完善大型低速永磁风力发电机设计与制造的一整套技术。本文的主要研究内容可以分为以下几个部分：第一部分研究变流器负载下永磁风力发电机的设计准则（减少有效材料用量、降低成本）。本文在分析PWM整流系统特性的基础上，提出一种考虑该类负载特性的永磁发电机设计准则。并分析了发电机的同步电抗、空载电动势等参数对该设计准则的影响情况。进而，建立起不同整流系统下永磁风力发电机的设计计算软件。第二部分研究分数槽集中绕组大型低速永磁风力发电机的电感参数（提高效率和容错性能）。本文将分数槽集中绕组引入大型低速永磁风力发电机中，以提高发电机效率和容错能力。首先，利用绕组函数法对分数槽集中绕组永磁电机的自感和互感参数进行量化分析和规律总结。然后，利用电磁场工具总结分数槽集中绕组永磁电机的凸极率特性。最后，提出分数槽集中绕组永磁发电机的定、转子模块化方案。第三部分研究大型低速永磁风力发电机的热管理技术（改善冷却性能）。在分析不同冷却系统特性的基础上，提出一种适用于大型低速永磁风力发电机的单路轴向密闭自循环通风系统。利用流场和温度场分析工具将该冷却系统应用于一台1.5MW半直驱永磁风力发电机样机。通过对1.5MW样机的试验，验证冷却系统设计的合理性和计算的准确性。文中还分析了某些关键因素对热分析结果的影响情况。第四部分研究大型低速永磁风力发电机的结构分析与减重设计（减轻重量）。首先基于弹性力学的叠加原理和连续性原理，建立了径向电磁力作用下一种圆盘式转子支撑结构的变形量解析计算模型。然后，针对圆盘式支撑结构进行了改进设计，通过设在圆盘两侧设置沿圆周方向呈辐射状均布的支撑筋来提高整个转子的刚度，文中分析了支撑筋数量、厚度对转子结构刚度和转子重量的影响规律。并利用有限元软件对圆盘式支撑结构进行优化以达到减重的目的。最终将该结构应用于两台永磁风力发电机样机以证明其可行性。第五部分样机开发与实验。本部分利用前文的研究成果，设计并制造一台采用分数槽集中绕组、准闭口槽和定、转子模块化结构的100kW永磁风力发电机样机和一台采用密闭自循环单路轴向通风系统、圆盘式支撑结构的1.5MW永磁风力发电机样机。最终完成样机的全面实验，样机性能优良，证明了本文所提出的相关关键技术的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 This research content is funded by the State 863 Program named“Design andManufacture Technology for Novel Variable Speed Constant Voltage Permanent MagnetWind Generator”and cooperation program with Harbin institute of large electricalmachinery named“Design of 1.5MW Semi-Direct Drive Permanent Magnet WindGenerator”. This dissertation is devoted to study the issues of cost, weight and generatingperformance which currently exist in the design and manufacture process of large powerlow speed permanent magnet wind generator (PMWG), and to establish and improve acomplete set of techniques on the basis of the development of two prototypes. The specificwork can be divided into the five parts as following:Firstly, the design criteria is presented for PMWG with PWM converter (Reduce theamount of effective material and cost). On the basis of studying the characteristics ofPWM rectifier system, a design criteria for PMWG with PWM rectifier is proposed. Theimpact of different parameters as synchronous reactance and no-load EMF on this designcriteria is studied. Furthermore, CAD software of PMWG with different rectifier systems isproposed.Secondly, the inductance parameter of low speed PMWG with fractional slotconcentrated winding (FSCW) is studied (Improve efficiency and fault tolerant capacity).FSCW is introduced into large capacity low speed PMWG in this thesis to improve thefault tolerant capacity. At first, winding function method is used to analyze the inductancequantitatively. Then, the saliency ratio of permanent magnet machine with FSCW issummarized by using finite element method. At last, a modular structure of both stator androtor for FSCW PMWG is proposed.Thirdly, thermal management technology for large capacity low speed PMWG isinvestigated (Improve the cooling performance). Through comparative analysis of differentcooling system, a single closed-loop axial ventilation system is proposed for large capacitylow speed PMWG. This cooling system is applied to a 1.5MW semi-direct drive PMWGby using the calculation tool of flow field and temperature field. Some key factors that may have a great influence on thermal analysis are considered. At last, the experiment carriedout on the 1.5MW prototype validates the feasibility of the cooling system and thecalculation accuracy.Fourthly, structural analysis and weight reduction design technology for largecapacity low speed PMWG are developed (Weight reduction). At first, on the basis ofsuperposition and continuity theory of elasticity mechanics, an analytical model isestablished for deformation calculation of a disc rotor support under radial electromagneticforce. Then, a modified disc structure with radial reinforcing plate distributed uniformlyalong the circumferential direction is proposed to improve the stiffness of the rotor. Thestiffness and weight of rotor under different amount and thickness of reinforcing plates areanalyzed. Finite element optimizing software is used to optimize the rotor structure toachieve weight reduction goal. At last, the modified disc structure is applied to twoprototypes to verify the feasibility of this structure.Lastly, by making use of the previous research results, a 100kW PMWG prototypewith FSCW, quasi-closed slot, stator and rotor modular structure and a 1.5MW PMWGprototype with single closed-loop axial ventilation system and disc structure are developedto verify the previous research contents. Through the comprehensive testing of theprototypes, the results verify the key technologies proposed in this thesis.更多还原