袁枚诗歌理论与实践研究

【作者】 孔燕妮；

【导师】 郑利华；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 袁枚是清代诗坛的杰出诗人,他提出的性灵说是清代诗坛最重要的诗歌理论之一,他的诗歌创作更是丰富,一生至少创作了六千三百余首诗。目前学界对他的研究主要集中在性灵说上,对他诗歌的研究尚嫌不足,这一方面是因为他诗歌理论的光芒在很大程度了掩盖了他的诗歌创作,导致学者往往把他作为一个诗歌理论家而不是诗人看待,另一方面则是因为清代以来的批评家们普遍对他的诗歌评价不高。本文以袁枚的诗歌理论与创作实践为研究对象,首先对袁枚的诗歌理论进行深入分析,然后以袁枚的六千多首诗歌为考察对象,结合他的诗歌理论进行文本细批评,旨在分析他的诗歌理论与创作实践之间的具体关系,目的不仅在于对他的诗歌价值进行重新认识、对他的诗歌理论进行更深入的理解,更在于经过分析二者之间或者紧密或者脱节的关系而领会到更为复杂的诗歌现象。本文分为四章。第一章是序章,以袁枚的诗歌为中心,结合他的思想特征、人生经历,对他身处时代的社会背景和文化生态做一个考察,以期更加切实地了解他的诗歌理论和创作实践的价值所在。第二章以袁枚的诗歌理论即性灵说为研究对象,从对性灵概念的厘清入手,揭示“性灵”在袁枚的诗歌理论中具有多层涵义这个事实,并对性灵说在诗歌创作的三个层面即创作主体、创作过程、诗歌文本上的具体要求分别加以阐释,并在此基础上对性灵说的特征做一个总结。第三章和第四章以袁枚的创作实践为研究对象,以第二章中对性灵说的分析为线索,分两条线对袁枚的诗歌进行文本细批评,力求深入到诗歌本身,对其所体现的精神旨趣、思想内涵、艺术特征、风格面貌等进行探讨和考察。第三章分三节,侧重研究袁枚诗歌对性灵说中“性”的体现,包括天性本真的坚执、自然平易的审美追求、个性与著我的强调。第四章的前三节侧重研究袁枚诗歌对性灵说中“灵”的体现,包括言情、逞才、入趣。余论则对他的诗歌理论和创作实践的脱节之处做一个总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 Yuan Mei is an outstanding poet on the Parnassus of Qing Dynasty and his Xing Ling theory is one of the most important theories at that time. He worked hard in the Poetry Creation and had more than 6300 poems. The current academic research attached more importance to his Xing Ling theory and relatively ignored the study of his poetry. This is because his brilliant in the creation of poetry is overwhelmed by his poetry theory to a large extent, which made the scholars always referred him as a poetry theorist, not as a poet. The other reason is that his poetry was disregarded by the poetic critics since Qing Dynasty.This dissertation mainly studied Yuan Mei’s poetry theory and writing practice. It firstly deeply analyzed his poetry theory and then explored his more than 6000 poems, combined with his poetry theory. On this base it made a detail text criticism to analyze the concrete relationship between his poetry theory and writing practice. In doing so, the dissertation aimed to not only re-recognize the value of his poetry and more deeply understood his poetry theory, but also comprehended the more complex poem phenomenon through the analysis of the closed or disrupted relations between them.This dissertation is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 is centered on the Yuan Mei’s poetry and explored the social background and cultural environment of his times, combined with his ideological characteristics and life experience. Our purpose is to more effectively understand the value of his poetry theory and writing practice. Chapter 2 referred the Yuan Mei’s Xing Ling theory as the research object and from the beginning of making clear of the concept of Xing Ling revealed the different implications of’Xing Ling’in his poetry. It also interpreted the three aspects of Xing Ling theory in the writing practice:writing subject, writing process and poetry texts. On this base it characterized the Xing Ling theory.Chapters III and IV referred Yuan Mei’s writing practice as its research object and with the clues of analysis of Xing Ling theory in the second chapter, made the detail text criticism from two lines in order to deeply strive into the poetry itself and explored its spirit of the purport, ideological content, artistic features, style, appearance, etc. The third chapter is divided into three sections focusing on the study the expression of ’Xing’ of Xing Ling theory in Yuan Mei’s poetry, including naturally true insistence, plain aesthetic pursuit and emphasis of individuality and self-innovation. The former three sections in the Chapter IV laid particular attention to the study of the expression of ’Ling’ of Xing Ling theory in Yuan Mei’s poetry, including romance, talents’reveal and fun. The last section made a summary of the disrupting between his poetry theories and writing practice.更多还原