【作者】 王筱倩；

【导师】 过伟敏；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 产品系统设计及理论， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 扬州是国务院首批公布的24座历史文化名城之一,具有近2500年的历史。明清时期遗存至今的5.09平方公里的扬州老城区内,集聚着大量传统民居、祠堂、寺庙等建筑遗产。而传统民居是其中数量最大、最具地方特色的建筑类型,具有很高的历史文化价值和建筑艺术价值。论文以扬州老城区传统民居类的建筑遗产为主要研究对象,对其形态特征进行了整体性研究。在广泛的田野调查、实地测绘和文献研究的基础上,运用类型学、人类文化学、社会学、文化地理学的相关理论和研究方法,对传统民居建筑遗产的物质形态特征进行了整理归纳,并对其特征的形成过程和近代的变化现象进行了分析探讨;同时,总结了社会、经济、文化等非物质形态因素对物质形态特征及其形成、变化的作用和影响。论文共分为七章。第一章为绪论,阐述了论文的研究背景、意义和研究对象,针对以往研究的不足,确定了本研究的研究内容、研究思路和方法,制定了一个整体性的研究框架。第二章对扬州老城区建筑遗产的形成背景做了简单总结,包括自然环境、社会时代背景、地方经济特点、地域文化氛围等。第三章对扬州老城区传统民居建筑遗产的空间形态特征进行了分析和归纳,从“形”和“制”两个方面提炼其平面“原型”,构建其平面类型体系;分析传统民居建筑空间形态的功能构成和设计特色;并从社会和文化等方面分析了空间形态的深层内涵。第四章对扬州老城区传统民居建筑遗产的实体形态特征进行了系统梳理和归纳,包括建筑的内外立面、门和窗、建筑砖雕装饰的形态特征,以及建筑技术、建造风俗等。第五章在三、四两章对传统民居形态特征总结归纳的基础上,探索其形态特征的形成过程,探讨其建筑形制类型由“合院”到“天井”的转变;从政治、文化、移民、经济等方面分析其类型转变的动因;通过与其他地域建筑的比较研究,总结在类型转变过程中所形成的“南北杂糅、徽苏并举”的建筑风格,并分析其建筑风格的主要来源。第六章阐述了扬州老城区建筑遗产在近代时期的变化,归纳其特点,并从政治、社会、经济、文化等方面分析其在近代变化缓慢迟滞的原因。第七章为全文的总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 Yangzhou, with a history of nearly 2500 years, is one of the first batch of 24 historic and cultural cities announced by the State Council. In the Old City of Yangzhou with an area of 5.09 km2, which is remained from Ming and Qing Dynasties, there are a great number of architectural heritages such as traditional dwellings, ancestral halls and temples. Among them traditional dwelling is the type of the largest amount and the most regional features. Thus it has the great value of history and cultural and architectural art.This dissertation takes the architectural heritage of traditional dwellings in the Old City of Yangzhou as the major research object, and comprehensively studies its morphological characteristics. Based on extensive field work, on-site plotting and literature study, correlation theory and research methods of typology, cultural anthropology, sociology, cultural geography are applied to conclude the characteristics of the physical forms of the architectural heritage of traditional dwellings, and to analyze the forming process and the evolution phenomena. At the same time, the effects and impacts that the non-physical forms such as social, economic and cultural factors have on the characteristics of the physical forms and their forming and evolving process.There are seven chapters in the dissertation. Chapter One is the introduction of the dissertation that explains the background and significance of this research, and introduces the major research object, the main contents and method of the research that have been made aiming at the disadvantages of former researches. Chapter Two briefly summarizes the forming background of the architectural heritage in the Old City of Yangzhou, including the natural environment, social and times background, local economic traits, regional culture atmosphere, etc.. Chapter Three analyzes and concludes the characteristics of the spatial forms of the architectural heritage of traditional dwellings in the Old City of Yangzhou. It abstracts the "archetype" of plan from the aspects of shape and structure so as to build the plan type system. It also analyzes the functional composition and design features of the traditional dwellings’ spatial forms, and the deep meanings of the spatial forms from the aspects of society and culture. In Chapter Four the characteristics of substantial forms of the traditional dwellings in the Old City of Yangzhou are concluded, including inside and outside elevations, doors and windows, brick carving decorations, and technology and folk customs of construction, etc.. Chapter Five searches the forming process of the morphological characteristics and discusses the architectural type transformation from courtyard to patio; it analyzes the causes of the type transformation from the aspects of politics, culture, immigration and economy, etc.. In this chapter, the architectural style formed in the transformation process, which is a combination of northern and southern building types, and a mixture of Huizhou and Suzhou features, is summarized, and the main sources of the style is analyzed. Chapter Six describes the changes of the architectural heritage in the Old City of Yangzhou in modern times, summarizes the specialty of the changement, and explains the reasons from the aspects of politics, society, economy, and culture that architectural heritage developed very slowly in modern times. Chapter Seven is the conclusion of the dissertation.更多还原