【作者】 孙世军；

【导师】 冯江；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 环境科学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本研究从系统工程角度出发,通过对松原市壅水坝项目建设的自然环境、社会环境影响分析,识别壅水坝项目建设的主要环境影响因子,采用主成分分析法对松原市综合生态指标体系进行优化和定量化研究;基于合理的工程假设,对松原市壅水坝正常蓄水位进行优化,建立不同决策形式下松原市壅水坝项目正常蓄水位优化模型,以连续函数的形式实现对正常蓄水位的优化求解,定量表征正常蓄水位、工程投资以及城市综合生态水平之间的关系。本研究在水利项目正常蓄水位优化方法研究领域取得了突破性进展,填补了运用数学模型优化蓄水位的研究空白,通过提供一系列经济、工程、环境等定量指标数据,为管理者制定更为合理、全面的决策提供支持。本研究的主要研究结论如下:(1)通过定性分析松原市壅水坝项目对自然和社会环境产生的影响,初步确定主要自然环境影响因子为:土地资源利用现状、主城区水面占有率、库区泥沙淤积量、库区水质和库区水温结构;社会环境影响因子为对上游哈达山水库的影响(即水库回水长度)以及松原市城市生态水平。(2)运用工程分析和环境评价等手段,通过对环境影响因子的敏感性研究,得出对松原市壅水坝项目正常蓄水位变化表现较敏感的环境影响因子为土地资源利用和主城区水面占有率;不敏感的影响因子为库区水温结构和水库回水长度;敏感性不确定的影响因子为库区泥沙淤积量和库区水质。(3)以松原市综合生态水平为研究目标,建立松原市综合生态指标体系并实现基于核心指标的优化。(4)运用运筹学方法实现基于不同决策条件下的正常蓄水位。研究表明:以工程投资费用最小为决策要求时,推荐正常蓄水位方案为131.4m,环境影响敏感因子为主城区水面占有率;以综合生态效益最大(松原市城市综合生态水平最高)为决策条件时,推荐正常蓄水位方案131.83m,环境影响敏感因子为库区泥沙淤积量;综合考虑工程投资费用和综合生态效益时,推荐正常蓄水位方案131.79m,环境影响敏感因子为城市综合生态水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 This research from the view of system engineering, based on the natural environment, social environment impact analysis of the backwater dam construction project in Song Yuan City , and identify the main environment impact factors of backwater dam project construction; Using principal component analysis to optimized and research quantitatively of comprehensive ecological index system in Song Yuan City; Based on the rational engineering hypothesis, optimizing the normal impoundment level of backwater dam in Song Yuan City, and establish normal water level optimization model on different decision forms of backwater dam construction project in Song Yuan City, the form of a continuous function is to achieve the optimal solution of the normal water level, and characterized quantitatively the relationship among normal water level, project investment and level of the city’s comprehensive ecology.This study have made breakthroughs in the field of the normal water level in the water project optimization methods, filling the blank of research on using the mathematical model optimized impoundment level. By providing a series of economic, engineering, environment etc as quantitative indices data, for managers to develop a more rational, comprehensive decision support.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Through the qualitative analysis backwater dam project in Song Yuan City on the natural and social environment impacts, preliminary confirming the main natural environmental influencing factor s are: land resources utilization, share of the main city water, reservoir sediment deposition, reservoir water quality and water reservoir structure; Social environment impact factors on the influence of Ha Da Mountain reservoir upstream (i.e. reservoir backwater length) and urban ecological level in Song Yuan City.(2)By methods such as engineering analysis and environmental evaluation, based on the sensitivity of the environmental impact factor, concluded that the environmental impact factors which are sensitive to the normal water level change of backwater dam in Song Yuan City are land resource utilization and Share of the main city water; the impact factors which are not sensitive are reservoir temperature structure and backwater reservoir length; sensitivity uncertain factors are reservoir silt accumulation and reservoir water.(3)Take comprehensive ecological level of Song Yuan City as the research target, setting Song Yuan City comprehensive ecological index system and realize the optimization based on the core index.(4)Using operations research methods realized the normal water level under the condition of different decisions. Research shows that: when the engineering investment costs required minimum for decision-making, the recommended scheme for normal water level is 131.4 m, the environmental impact sensitive factor is primarily urban water share; With the comprehensive ecological benefit are maximum(the comprehensive ecological level is the highest in Song Yuan City) as the conditions for decision-making, the recommended normal water level scheme is 131.83m.,the environmental impact sensitive factor is reservoir silt accumulation. When the engineering investment costs and comprehensive ecological benefit are comprehensively considered, the recommended normal water level scheme is 131.79m, the environmental impact sensitive factor is city comprehensive ecological level.更多还原