【作者】 赵文君；

【导师】 侯建新；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 世界史， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 私人财产权观念是西方现代文明核心价值观的基石,在西方现代私有财产权利制度确立过程中起到了至关重要的作用。因此,在分析近代西欧私人财产权利观念形成历程的基础上,系统探究其成因及特点既能够理清中世纪基督教与近代启蒙思想在私人财产权观念上的精神联系,从理论上加深我们对现代私人财产权利观念内涵的理解,又对我们理解中西社会转型的差异及现代市场经济社会的本质特征提供有益的参考。近代西欧私人财产权观念经历了一个较为漫长的形成过程,主要是古希腊罗马遗产、日耳曼人传统和基督教三者混合的产物,其中基督教对近代西欧私人财产权利观念的形成产生了举足轻重的影响。在基督教语境中,与自然权利或主体权利紧密相连的财产权观念发生了重要的变化,以天赋、排他、平等、抵抗等四大价值理念为核心的私人财产神圣不可侵犯的精神原则逐渐明晰,形成了现代意义的私人财产权理念。私人财产权利观念成为现代西方市场经济和宪政发展的重要思想基础。全文分为三部分:第一部分为引言,主要阐述论文选题的意义,总结国内外学者对该选题的研究状况,并阐明本文要研究的问题与方法以及文献基础。第二部分是论文的主体部分,一共七章,其中第一章论述两位古希腊思想家关于财产权的思考与罗马法关于财产权的法律规范等内容;第二章从《日耳曼尼亚志》反映的传统财产观念的展开分析,对中古西欧日尔曼“蛮族”法典保护个人财产权利的原则进行了初步考察,以理清日耳曼传统与近代私人财产权观念上的精神联系。第三章论述早期基督教的财产观,主要阐述《圣经》中的财产权观念和基督教早期拉丁教父的思想;第四章论述孕育近代西欧私人财产权利观念形成的历史背景。主要阐述12世纪西欧的复兴的各种社会表现。第五章论述基督教与近代西欧私人财产权利观念的形成。主要阐述教会法学家和神学家在对罗马法和教会法的注释和教学中,最终形成了现代意义的私人财产权理念。第六章论述中世纪西欧私人财产权利观念的展现。主要以中古英国《大宪章》为文本分析中古英国保护私人财产权的基本精神。第七章论述近代早期私人财产权利观念的传承。主要对格劳修斯和洛克两位近代思想家的财产观展开论述,分析其与中世纪的思想联系。第三部分是结论,对西欧私人财产权利观念进行总体的论述,分析其特点与历史影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The theory of the private property rights is the cornerstone of modern western civilizationfirst. It played an important role in the historical course of private property system.Therefore, on the basic of analyzing the Theory of the Private Property Rights in the modern western society, the study of the Private Property Rights will clarify the spiritual links between Christianity especially the medieval church and modern enlightenment thoughts for the right to private property, and deepen our comprehending on contents of the Private Property Rights in theory, which also could be beneficial to comprehend the difference between Chinese and Western social transition and to get to the the essence of the modern market economy.It has experienced a long forming, mainly including the thought of the influence of ancient Greek and Roman, the Germanic peoples, and the Christianity which is closely and inseparably related to theory of the Private Property Rights . Judging by the contex in Christianity t,the theory of Private Property Rights ,which is closely related to natural rights or subjective rights, undertook great changes, and the principle of the right to private property property which is sacred and inviolable, has a clear expression of being natural ,equal, exclusive and resisting. Thus the modern meanings of the Private Property Rights were eventually created The theory of the Private Property Rights became the significant foundation in the development of the modern market system and the constitutional government.There are three parts in the dissertation. The first part is the Introduction, which not only elaborates the sense of this topic and illuminates the history of studies on this topic of domestic and overseas scholars, but also introduces the methods and documents of the dissertation. The second part is the principal part of the dissertation, which includes seven chapters. Chapter I discusses thought of two ancient Greek thinkers and the impact of Roman law on the Property Rights .Chapter 2 discusses Germania and several Latin law codes of the Germanic peoples in the Medieval western Europe Society, in order to clarify the spiritual links between the German traditions and the right to private property in Modern Times. Chapter 3 discusses early Christians thought of the Property Rights, which contains that thought in the Bible and early christian literature. Chapter 4 discusses the historical background of the formation of the theory of the private property rights , which contains the resurrection of Western Europe from the 12th century. Chapter 5 discusses Christianity and the theory of the Private Property Rights in the modern western society It expounds that medieval theologians made comments on the Roman law and canon law , and finally shaped up the modern meanings of the Private Property Rights. Chapter 6 combs with the thought of the theory of the private property rights in medieval western society, which contains the basic spirits of protecting private property on the text of the Magna Carta of 1215. Chapter 7 discusses the inheritance of the theory of the Private Property Rights in early modern society , which contains the analysis about the theory of the Private Property Rights between Hugo Grotius and John Locke, in order to clarify the spiritual links between the medieval church and modern enlightenment thoughts for the right to private property .The third part is the conclusion. It sums up the theory of the Private Property Rights, expounds the characteristic and historical influence of that thoughts.更多还原