【作者】 纪逗；

【导师】 衣俊卿；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 二十世纪前期社会主义运动的低潮,使本雅明痛感历史时间观念在革命意识中的重要性。他借用犹太神秘主义中的弥赛亚观念,重新阐发了马克思历史唯物主义中共产主义运动的现实性。在本雅明看来,历史不是历史主义所认为的是过去的客观事实堆积而成,建立在过去、现在和未来空洞的线性时间链条上;同样,历史时间也不是庸俗马克思主义所认为的是连续和均匀流逝的物理时间。社会历史的发展并不是不可打破的连续线性阶段构成的,共产主义社会不是未来的某一时刻开始的人类社会发展阶段,正如马克思所说共产主义是现实运动。连续的、线性的社会历史是压迫者构造的历史,它试图抹去受压迫者的苦难,真正的历史恰恰应该打断这一线性进程。未来作为人的解放并不是单纯的理想,而是应该随时成为当下人类解放的意识;过去并不是线性积累的一个环节,它是承载着受难者解放希望的碎片,这些希望应该从线性历史的废墟中拯救出来,革命的意识应该把过去与未来连接于每一个可能打断线性历史的时机中。本雅明的这一历史和时间意识,不仅从形式上阐释了马克思唯物史观中的革命和未来社会理论,而且进一步深入地展示了他对马克思主义能动实践精神和人的解放理想的深刻理解。更多还原

【Abstract】 The low political situation in Socialist movement in the early 20th century made Benjamin be aware of the importance of history and time in the revolutionary consciousness. He expounded again the reality of the Communist movement in Marx’s historical materialism, inspired by the idea of Messiah in Jewish mysticism. In Benjamin’s opinion, history is not accumulation by the past objective facts as historicism ,established on the empty past, present and future linear chain ; likewise, historical time is not continuous and uniform physical time as vulgar Marxist. The development of social history is not made up of continuous non-broken stages, Communist society is not a human society stage in the future, as Marx said the Communism is a realistic movement. Continuous, linear social history is the oppressor’s history that attempts to erase the suffering of the oppressed, real history should interrupt the linear process. The future as ideal of the liberation of man is not pure ideal, but should always become instantly consciousness of human liberation; part is not a segment in linear accumulation, it is fragments of hope loaded with victims liberation, the hope should be rescued from the ruins of a linear history, the past and the future should be connected with in revolutionary consciousness at every possible opportunity of linear history interrupted. The consciousness of Benjamin’s history and time not only interpreted the theory of social revolution and the future in Marx’s historical materialism from the formal, and further demonstrated his profound understanding to dynamic spirit of practice of Marxism and human liberation .更多还原