【作者】 王致维；

【导师】 张培林；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 近年来,伴随着我国工业的快速发展,危险品需求量一直保持持续增长态势,随之而来的危险品运输安全问题也成为社会各方关注的热点。在危险品运输中,水运以其运量大,运费低的优势受到青睐。而长江作为黄金水道,水路危险品运输量增长尤为迅猛,种类也趋于繁多,带来的安全隐患和环境污染问题也更为突出。因此,对于开展长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量研究,提升事故应急反应能力的需求迫在眉睫。本文主要围绕长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量的组织力量、运行机制及资源配置问题展开研究,其主要研究内容如下：(1)提出了应急力量的内涵,结合长江水上交通系统的特定对象,运用危险品事故统计分析,研究长江危险品船舶交通事故现状和应急力量现状,提出了长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量存在的问题。(2)根据应急管理理论和风险管理理论,研究提出了由应急组织力量、运行力量、应急资源力量组成的长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量构成体系。(3)从应急组织运行机制、应急行动运行机制和应急资源运行机制三个方面,研究了长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量运行机制,建立了应急资源需求预测模型和资源优化调度模型,构建了长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量运行机制。(4)根据长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量资源配置现状,分析了资源配置的风险及应急基地选址、响应时间、航道条件、资金等四方面约束因素,运用随机线性规划理论,构建DEA-NNS应急资源配置模型,对长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量资源从搜救和防污两方面进行了配置优化研究,形成了长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量资源配置技术。(5)基于长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量的组成和运行机制,构建了3大类18项指标的评价指标体系；建立了基于模糊层次综合评价法的应急力量评价模型,对长江海事危险品船舶交通事故应急力量现状进行了评价；形成了长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量评价技术。(6)提出了加强长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量建设建立健全应急组织体系、加强社会应急力量建设、完善立法等建议和措施。本文提出了长江危险品船舶交通事故应急力量的概念,应急力量构成体系、运行机制等,对长江海事管段内危险品船舶交通事故应急组织力量、运行机制、资源配置进行优化研究,为长江海事局危险品船舶事故应急工作提供理论指导,为应急资源配置提供配置方法、优化方案,为应急力量提供评价方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, dangerous goods demand has been sustained growth with Chinese industrial rapid growth. However, the safety of the dangerous goods transport has become a focus of all sectors in society. In the dangerous goods transport, water transport is favored with its large volume and low freight advantage. As golden waterway, dangerous goods transport in Yangtze River waterway grew by leaps and bounds, the security risks and environmental pollution problems are increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to make research for the conduct of the Yangtze River dangerous goods ships accident emergency response force and enhance the ability to respond to the needs of emergency.This article concentrates on the Yangtze River ship dangerous goods accident emergency response force, the organizational strength, operating mechanism and resource allocation issues. Its main contents are as follows:(1) According to the document retrieval and related research, the content and features of the emergency power have been proposed; Considering the Yangtze River water transport system specific objects, the statistical analysis of dangerous goods accident is used to study the status of the Yangtze River shipping dangerous goods accident, the emergency power of status quo and problems.(2) Based on emergency management theory and risk management theory, this article came up with the Yangtze River ship dangerous goods accident emergency response force composition system composed by the emergency response organization, run power, emergency power resources.(3) From three aspects of emergency response organizations operating mechanism, operating mechanism and emergency response resources, the operation mechanism of the Yangtze River ship dangerous goods accident emergency response force are discussed in it. Meanwhile, a model for operating mechanism, operation of emergency response procedures and emergency resource demand forecasting and scheduling method is established for the in-depth study.(4) this article expounds the resource allocation of traffic accident emergency for dangerous goods shipping on Yangtze river, analyzes the present situation of resource allocation and restriction factor, adopt the DEA-NNS resource allocation model, from both rescue and antifouling aspects to optimize the resource allocation of traffic accident emergency for dangerous goods shipping on Yangtze river.(5) to build evaluation index based on the composition and operation mechanism of traffic accident emergency for dangerous goods shipping on Yangtze river; model has been established based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of hierarchy emergency power evaluation model, to evaluate for the present situation; According to the evaluation results, and puts forward some suggests and measures to improve the ability of traffic accident emergency for dangerous goods shipping on Yangtze River.This article aims on finding new approaches for studies of dangerous goods ships accidents emergency force configuration and running in Yangtze River. In practical application, dangerous goods ships accidents emergency force, operation mechanism and resources allocation in Yangtze River maritime sections will be researched with optimization. The research will strengthen safety precaution of dangerous goods ships transportation in Yangtze River. Furthermore, it also can make contribution for traffic safety in Yangtze River water management.更多还原