【作者】 李勇；

【导师】 方秦汉； 朱宏平；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 结构工程， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 二次世界大战以后,欧洲急需恢复战争破坏的桥梁和建筑,由于钢材短缺,采用大量的钢-混凝土组合结构,节约了钢材。日本1923年关东大地震,发现组合结构抗震性能良好。由此,组合结构在桥梁及高层建筑得到迅速发展。以钢-混凝土组合桥梁工程为研究背景,从桥梁美学、空间理论、模型试验及工程应用等方面,对大跨度组合桥梁进行研究。本文主要内容：1、大跨度琴拱桥理论。琴拱桥,以拱桥这一种造型优美的古老桥型为出发点,从桥梁美学与力学统一的角度出发,提出一种新型拱桥结构—琴拱桥。主拱如琴,吊索如琴弦,曲线圆润,富有动感,将古典拱桥与现代拱桥完美地结合在一起,充分展示了桥梁建筑美与力学美的统一。琴拱桥理论对大跨度拱桥三个关键性技术难题,即横向稳定问题、水平推力问题、施工安装难题,提出了新的解决思路与技术方案。2、钢-混组合桥梁体系转换新技术。根据弯曲还原力学原理,研发应用组合结构体系转换系新技术。利用结构体系变化与截面形成的过程,合理调整截面有效控制应力,实现降低控制截面混凝土拉应力的目的。3、预应力传递效率与弯矩调幅方法。根据组合梁支点负弯矩影响线,精确地预加荷载,按加载程序浇筑混凝土结构层,按弯矩影响线要求卸载,使支点负弯矩区混凝土获得预压应力,通过影响线弯矩调幅提高预应力效率。4、研发应用组合桥梁结构新体系。深圳彩虹大桥,主要采用了三项新技术：1)钢-混凝土全组合桥梁结构体系,2)预应力钢-高托座空心板组合梁；3)钢结构内导管定位法新工艺。预应力钢-混组合桥梁新技术新工艺及其应用。随着波形钢腹板PC桥梁、钢桁腹PC组合桥梁、大悬臂波-桁组合PC桥梁的研究及应用,以其先进的新技术、新工艺及结构体系创新,新型组合结构体系将进入一个新的发展时期。钢-混凝土组合结构是一种高强、高性能的材料组合,也是一种高效、经济的施工技术。实现了组合桥梁“轻质、高强、大跨、经济、美观”的目标。取得了显著的社会效益和经济效益,具有广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the world warⅡ, Europe needs to restore war-damaged bridges and buildings. A lot of steel-concrete composite structure were constructed for saving the steel. After the great Kanto earthquake in 1923, Japan found that the use of composite structure prossesses good seismic performance. In consequence, the composite structure has been developed rapidly in bridges and high-rise buildings.This thesis studied the steel-concrete composite bridges, including the bridge aesthetics, space theory, model test and engineering applications and so on. This thesis are concluded as:1, Long-span Qin-arch bridge theory. Qin-arch bridge started from an old bridge type, is a new arch structure from the aesthetic point of view. The main arch, looks like piano, strings, such as slings, round curves, dynamic, will shape the U.S. unity with the mechanics, the classical and the modern arch bridge arch bridge combines, classical arch bridge and modern arch bridge perfect combination together, fully demonstrated the united states of bridge architectural beauty and mechanics beauty.Large-span arch bridge of three key technical problems, namely stability, the level of thrust problems, construction problems, the solution proposed new ideas and technology programs.2, Prestressed steel-concrete composite bridge system transformation technology. Bending reduction according to mechanics principle, development and application of composite bridge system transformation technology. Using the structure system change and the section forming process, reasonable adjust the effective section control stress, reduce the control section concrete tensile stress of the objective.3, Prestressed transfer efficiency and the method of moment AM. According to the negative bending moment influence line of the composite beam, precisely preloading, according to loading procedure concrete structure layer, based on the bending moment influence line for unloading, the fulcrum in negative moment area of concrete with compressive stress, the influence line moment modulation to improve efficiency of prestressing. Through the method of influence line for bending moment amplitude modulation to improve efficiency of prestressing.4, Development and application of composite bridge structure new system. Shenzhen rainbow bridge, mainly uses three new techniques:1) the steel-concrete composite bridge structure system,2) prestressed steel-high haunched hollow plate beam; 3) new technology of steel duct positioning method by internal-pipe.Prestressed steel-concrete composite bridge new technology and its application. With corrugated steel web PC bridge, steel truss web PC composite bridge, large cantilever PC bridge with corrugated steel webs-truss research and application, with its advanced new technology, new technology and system innovation, a new type of composite structure system will enter a new development period.Steel concrete composite structure is a high strength, high performance materials, but also a high efficient, economic construction technology. Realize the combination of bridge"light, high strength, large span, economic, beautiful"target. Achieved remarkable economic and social benefits, has broad application prospects.更多还原