【作者】 胡继良；

【导师】 王成彪；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地质工程， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 本文研究了有机改性膨润土冲洗液材料、淀粉聚合物冲洗液材料和溶胀型随钻堵漏材料。以丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺聚合物为插层剂,采用炼压法制备了有机改性膨润土冲洗液材料。经过XRD、FT-IR、SEM分析表明,有机基团进入膨润土的层间结构或与膨润土产生了键合接枝作用,膨润土仍保持原有层状结构。冲洗液性能测试结果表明,与钠膨润土相比,有机改性膨润土冲洗液的滤失量和润滑系数降低,相对膨胀降低率提高,改善了冲洗液的流变性。现场试验表明其携带岩粉能力强,可抑制钻杆内壁结垢。采用接枝聚合法制备了淀粉聚合物冲洗液材料。冲洗液性能测试表明,其在淡水、4%盐水、饱和盐水中的粘度、动塑比和滤失量都有较好表现,相对膨胀降低率可达到61%。现场试验表明其是一类较好的冲洗液材料。制备了溶胀型随钻堵漏材料。冲洗液性能测试和现场试验结果均表明,溶胀型堵漏材料堵漏效果较好。进行了复杂地层冲洗液体系设计研究工作。总结如何根据地质条件和钻探施工要求,进行冲洗液类型选择,确定冲洗液性能参数、冲洗液处理剂优选、体系配方试验、泥浆材料及处理剂用量估算、设计冲洗液固控措施和冲洗液日常维护方案。对用于复杂地层的泥浆体系,主要是低粘增效粉-改性沥青体系、淀粉聚合物-改性沥青体系和淀粉聚合物泥浆等进行了研究及现场实验。现场实验表明低粘增效粉-改性沥青体系具有较好的造壁性能,有利于孔壁的稳定。可以有效封堵破碎带地层裂缝,提高地层承压能力。对于易掉块、坍塌的破碎地层,需适当提高冲洗液的密度、粘度和切力,保证冲洗液具有所需要的支撑力和岩屑悬浮力。低粘增效粉-改性沥青体系具有良好的流变性能,能够满足绳索取心钻探要求。淀粉聚合物-改性沥青体系的护壁效果好,孔壁稳定,泥浆流动性好,携带岩粉能力强,进尺效率较高,正常钻进时每天进尺30～45米,钻杆内壁不结泥皮。淀粉聚合物泥浆体系具有很好的护壁性能、具有很好的流变性能和触变性能,配制方法简单,使用方便。该泥浆体系中的材料比较容易分散,整个配浆过程只需30～40分钟即可完成。除此之外的其他体系也均有较好表现。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper studies on the organical modified bentonite drilling fluid materials, amylum graft copolymerization drilling fluid materials and swelling-type drilling plugging material. Acrylic acid and acrylamide asintercalation as agent, organical modified bentonite drilling fluid materials were prepared by pressure mixing method. The layered structure of bentonite was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM. The results show that the organic groups go into the structure of the layer of bentonite or bonded graft. Drilling fluid performance test results shows that, compared with the sodium bentonite drilling fluid materials, fluid filtration and lubrication coefficient of organic bentonite drilling decrease. Field tests shows that its ability of carrying the rock powder and inhibiting the drill pipe wall fouling is great. Amylum graft copolymerization drilling fluid materials were prepared by graft copolymerization. The viscosity and fluid loss of Amylum graft copolymerization drilling fluid have a better performance, reducing rate of the relative expansion can reach 61%. Field tests show that it is a kind of good drilling in fresh water, 4% brine and saturated brine fluid materials. A swelling-type drilling plugging material was prepared. Drilling fluid performance tests and field tests results show that the swelling type of plugging material is better than any other.Study on design of complex formation drilling fluid system was carried out. We summerized how to choose the type of drilling fluid, determine the performance parameters of drilling fluid, optimize drilling fluid, estimate the amount of drilling materials, design drilling mud solids, control measures and the daily maintenance programs.LMB-GLA drilling system, grafted amylum-GLA drilling system and grafted amylum copolymerization drilling system which were used in complex formation have been studied. Field experiments shows that LMB-GLA drilling system have made a good performance to stabilize hole wall. The formation cracks of fracture zone can be blocked effectively, improving ground bearing capacity. The density and viscosity of fluid must be increased in the fracture zone where is easy to block out, to ensure that the debris levitation force and support of fluid . LMB-GLA drilling system with good rheological properties can satisfy the requirements of the rope core drilling. Grafted amylum-GLA drilling system can protect wall, stabilize the hole wall, carry the rock powder. Normal drilling footage per day was 30 to 45 meters, and the drill pipe wall did not bear clay skin. Grafted amylum copolymerization has a good performance in protect wall, good rheological and thixotropy properties. Its preparation method is simple and it easy to used. The material of the drilling system is easier to disperse, the slurry process was completed only 30 to 40 minutes. Other drilling system also have a good performance.更多还原