【作者】 隋欣卉；

【导师】 汪毅夫；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 台湾光复后人民赖以生存的根基(政治、经济、社会等)发生了深刻变化,作为观念形态的文学面对新的现实也必然发生变化。这种变化不只包括内容,也包括形式和语言,因为这是同一个问题的两个方面。被日本殖民者统治近半个世纪的台湾同胞光复伊始的当务之急是先从语言上去“皇民化”以实现“祖国化”。国语运动推行工作在官方地筹备下成立了相关组织并制定了章程,进行了人员地招募及培训,再加上台湾民众热情积极地参与、传媒地助推,第一阶段的国语运动取得若干成果,但也存在诸多不足。此后在一大批语文学术专家主导之下,国语运动开始沿着更加科学合理的方向,有条不紊地顺利开展并取得显著成绩。国语运动不是一项简单的技术上地语言学习,它更是一场复兴中华文化的社会运动,而国语文学在其中占有重要地位。从作家所运用的“语言文字”这一创作媒介来看,光复初期作家们有的仍然使用日语进行创作,有的用方言,有的用文言,而用白话文进行创作的台湾作家十分罕见。这些作家从最初困难地运用白话创作,发展为能够运用白话进行简单创作,及至后期运用国语熟练写作。国语运动在这一转化过程中发挥了重要作用,杨逵、吕赫若等作家的创作是其中的典型事例。光复后很多文学家、批评家围绕着台湾新文学问题在《新生报》上进行了长时间论争。在《桥》副刊大规模讨论之前,《新生报》副刊《文艺》上曾有过小型论争。《桥》副刊上论争的问题更为集中,包括台湾新文学的源流与归属、台湾新文学的相关理论问题、台湾新文学的实际困难等。国语与台湾同胞的认同焦虑密切相关,他们经历了从主动、良性的焦虑到被动、恶性的焦虑地转变。这种逆转表面上看是由于省籍矛盾,而其实是光复后所延续下来的封建官僚制度。当局也认识到民众在情感认同上由热到冷地变化,并进行了一定补救。无论是官方还是民间都特别重视国语与民族国家想象之间的密切关系。光复后当局积极采取多种形式促进海峡两岸的文化交流。台湾光复初期国语运动与国语文学地开展,促成了“国语的文学,文学的国语”这一宗旨在台湾地实现。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the retrocession of Taiwan, people’s survival of the foundation, for example, political, economic, social, etc. underwent profound changes. Literature as the ideology of the new realities is bound to change. Such changes include contents, also form and language, because they are two aspects of the same problem. Taiwan compatriots were ruled by Japanese colonialist nearly half a century. The most urgent task is to start with "decolonisation" to achieve "motherlandization" at the language after the recovery. The relevant organizations were established and charters were developed in the official preparations for the implemental work.In addition, the recruitment and training of personnel, coupled with active participation of Taiwan’s enthusiastic public and media, they made the first phase of the national Language Movement achieved a number of results, but there were also many disadvantages. Since then, under the leading of many academic experts, Language Movement began along a more scientific and rational way, developed orderly and smooth and made significant achievements.Language Movement is not a technical language learning simply, but it is a social movement of Chinese culture renaissance, the national language of literature in which occupies an important position. From the "language" medium of writers, in the early stage of recovery some writers were still writing in Japanese, some in dialect, and some with classical, but the writers with vernacular in Taiwan were very rare. It was very difficult for these writers in their writing of using vernacular. And they could be able to use a simple vernacular to write, until they could use Mandarin proficiency in the later period. Language Movement in this transformation process played an important role, of which Yang Kui, Taiwanese Writer Writers were typical example.Many writers and critics debated around the issue of Taiwan New Literature in New Newspaper for a long time after the retrocession. Before the large-scale discussion in Bridge, there had been a small controversy. But the problem of controversy of the latter were more focused in Bridge, including the origins and the attribution, the relevant theoretical issues, the practical difficulties of Taiwan New Literature, etc.Taiwan compatriots experienced a crisis of identity, which was closely related to Mandarin, and which changed from the active, healthy anxiety to the passive and malignant anxiety. It seemed due to provincial conflict, but in fact this reversal was the consequence of the continued feudal bureaucracy after recovery. The Administration also recognized that change from hot to cold in the emotional identity of people and made remedies to some degrees. Both the official and the private placed a very high value on the close relationship between Mandarin and nation state imagination. The authorities had positively taken various ways to promote cross-strait cultural exchanges after the retrocession. The development of Mandarin Movement and Mandarin literature contributed the achievement of the purpose of "national language of literature, literary language" in early stage of Taiwan’s restoration.更多还原