【作者】 赵修文；

【导师】 李一鸣；

【作者基本信息】 西南财经大学 ， 产业经济学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 产业集群已成为经济发展的重要产业组织形式和载体。引导和促进产业集群发展,有利于转变经济发展方式、提升产业竞争力、加快工业化和城镇化进程,对于社会主义和谐社会建设具有十分重要的意义’。产业集群竞争力是以产业集群的各种生产要素(人力资本、企业、资源、基础设施、技术条件、制度供给等)为基础,以企业内部、企业间以及产业集群之间的动态整合为运行方式,能为产业集群的整体绩效带来实质性功效的强劲竞争优势2。人力资本整合,是指组织在动态复杂环境下,通过优化人力资本结构,产生新的资源结构,创造组织的动态竞争优势。3本文从人力资本整合的视角研究产业集群竞争力,通过人力资本水平与产业集群竞争力的典型相关分析以及人力资本整合的产业集群竞争力评价指标体系构建的分析,认为人力资本整合能够提升产业集群竞争力。有竞争力的产业集群是一个国家长期经济增长和繁荣的源泉,产业集群竞争力水平的高低是一个国家或地区在市场竞争中优胜劣汰的决定因素。本文各部分的结构安排：第一章：论文研究的目的、方法和结构。本章主要论述产业集群在经济社会发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用,研究产业集群竞争力是经济学科和中国经济社会发展的需要。研究方法上,本文运用规范分析与实证分析相结合,历史分析与逻辑分析相结合,比较分析与制度分析相结合,建模分析等分析方法。结构安排上将采用层层递进的逻辑结构,对论文将要达到的研究深度进行概括性介绍。第二章：人力资本整合与产业集群竞争力的研究现状及基本理论分析。本章首先对人力资本及人力资本整合的研究现状、产业集群及产业集群竞争力的研究现状、人力资本水平与产业集群竞争力的相关性研究综述进行了梳理。其次对人力资本与产业集群竞争力的基本理论进行了分析,主要回答人力资本与产业集群和产业集群竞争力具有相互作用的机制。它为人力资本整合与产业集群竞争力的相关分析作铺垫。第三章：人力资本整合与产业集群竞争力的相关分析。本章界定人力资本整合、产业集群及产业集群竞争力,阐述产业集群竞争力的含义、性质和根源,论述形成产业集群竞争力人力资本整合的前提和关键,重点对产业集群竞争力与人力资本水平的典型相关进行分析。它为从人力资本整合的视角构建产业集群竞争力评价指标体系奠定基础。第四章：人力资本整合视角下产业集群竞争力评价指标体系的构建。本章借助现有研究成果对产业集群边界的界定,运用投入产出法具体应用分析,根据本文研究的需要,构建基于人力资本整合的产业集群竞争力评价指标体系,同时用层次分析法确定评价指标体系各级的权重。说明人力资本整合可以作为一个独立要素提升产业集群竞争力。第五章：产业集群竞争力提升的组织内部人力资本动态整合。本章首先对隐性知识进行界定和分类,接着论述隐性知识传播和产业集群竞争力的关系,在此基础上,进一步论述基于人力资本整合组织内部隐性知识转化,同时构建师徒制隐性知识传播的微分动力学模型说明组织内部的人力资本整合。第六章：产业集群竞争力提升的组织之间人力资本动态整合。本章首先论述组织之间的隐性知识传播,接着论述组织之间隐性知识传播与产业集群竞争力的关系,同时借鉴他人的组织之间隐性知识传播的微分动力学模型说明组织之间的隐性知识传播,在此基础上,论述组织之间知识整合与产业集群竞争力的关系,同时提出知识整合提升产业集群竞争力的组织手段。第七章：产业集群竞争力提升的人力资本整合制度安排。本章主要论述保证人力资本整合的四种制度安排。从建立破解企业员工沉默行为的制度性对策、建立企业员工工作安全感制度、建立基于战略导向的企业人力资本配置制度、建立企业人力资本剩余索取权制度四个方面进行分析。第八章：结束语。对全文的研究进行简单的总结,同时指出有待进一步研究的问题,并为进一步研究拓展了方向。本文的主要创新点：1.从人力资本整合的视角研究产业集群竞争力。过去人们对产业集群竞争力的研究主要有Poter的“四要素”说、Pietrobelli的“六要素”说、Padmore和Gibson的“三要素”说、曾路,骆文达的“社会要素”说。本文认为产业集群竞争力的提升,需要产业集群内各种要素进行整合,人力资本整合是产业集群组织中其他要素整合的核心。2.尝试性地构建了人力资本整合提升产业集群竞争力的分析框架。首先分析了产业集群竞争力与人力资本水平具有典型相关,从人力资本整合的视角研究产业集群竞争力具有了一定的基础。其次,从人力资本整合的视角构建了产业集群竞争力的评价指标体系,并用层次分析法对各级指标权重进行了比较。其三,从产业集群组织内企业(组织)内部和企业(组织)之间研究了人力资本整合的层次和方法。其四,要保证人力资本在这些层次和方法能够进行整合,提出了“四大制度”安排。3.从人力资本整合的视角构建了产业集群竞争力的评价指标体系。提高产业集群竞争力需要集群内的各个要素互动和融合,实质是对集群企业、政府、集群辅助机构、资源、市场等要素进行整合,这些要素的主体是人力资本,整合这些要素的实质就是对人力资本整合。本文单独把人力资本整合作为一个重要的要素,运用层次分析法进行了分析,认为它可以单独作为一个要素,这也是产业集群内其他要素整合的共性(本质)所在。4.从人力资本整合的层次上看,本文主要从产业集群组织内部和组织之间两个层次上分别提出了如何对人力资本进行动态整合。组织内部人力资本动态整合,本文构建了师徒制下隐性知识传播的微分动力学模型进行说明和分析。组织之间人力资本动态整合,本文分析了组织之间隐性知识传播和知识整合与产业集群竞争力的关系,提出了知识整合提升产业集群竞争力的组织手段。5.从制度安排上提出了人力资本整合的保证措施。本文认为人力资本整合提升产业集群竞争力,必须建立一系列的保障制度。就本文的研究看,员工沉默的问题是首先要解决的；解决员工沉默的问题之后,就需要建立企业员工的工作安全感制度；员工有了安全感后,就需要建立与企业(组织)战略相一致的人力资本配置制度；把合适的人放在合适的工作岗位上,让不同岗位的员工和不同组织的员工长期进行交流和接触的过程,就是隐性知识的传播过程,隐性知识得以传播,人力资本得以整合,组织的生产效率得以提高,企业的力量得以壮大,建立企业人力资本剩余索取权制度就是理所当然的事情了。产业集群竞争力问题的研究是一个理论意义和现实意义兼顾、又富有挑战性的复杂课题。本文论述的人力资本整合提升产业集群竞争力的问题,仅限于产业集群内,产业集群之间如何通过人力资本整合提升产业集群竞争力的问题,不在本文的讨论范围内。本文所作的研究主要是尝试性的构建人力资本整合与产业集群竞争力提升这一问题的研究框架。虽然设计了基于人力资本整合的产业集群竞争力的问卷调查,但是所涉及的产业集群的数量和范围非常有限,缺少众多有代表性的产业集群类型的大样本数据的实证研究是本文最大的不足,同时从人力资本整合的视角设计的产业集群竞争力的评价指标体系是否合适,也需要大样本数据的进一步验证。加之产业集群竞争力本身是一个非常复杂的系统,由于本人的知识、能力所限,本文从人力资本整合的视角研究产业竞争力提升仅仅是一个开始,不足的,尚未涉及到的相关问题仍有待进一步的深入研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Industrial cluster has become an important organizational form and carrier for economic development. Guiding and promoting the development of industrial clusters, are beneficial to changing the way of the economic development, beneficial to enhance industrial competitiveness, beneficial to accelerating the industrialization and urbanization, and have great significance for achieving the goal of building a well-off society and building a harmonious socialist society. Industrial clusters competitiveness based on industry clusters various production factors(human capital, enterprise, resources, infrastructure, technical conditions, institutional supply), between enterprises and the industrial cluster to run a dynamic integration approach, in order to bring the overall performance of the substantive effect of the strong competitive advantage. Human capital integration refers to dynamic competitive advantage in a dynamic complex environment, depend on optimizing the human capital structure and creating new resource structure. This paper think that human capital integration can upgrade industrial clusters competitiveness. discussing industrial clusters competitiveness from the perspective of the integration of human capital, analyzing canonical correlation between in human capital level and industrial clusters competitiveness, constructing evaluation index system. Competitive industry cluster is a national long-term source of economic growth and prosperity, its level determining a country or region’s competitive advantage.The structure arrangement of this dissertation are as follow:Chapter one:introduction.The chapter is to discuss the purposes, methods and structure of this paper. This chapter discusses industrial clusters are playing an increasingly important role in the economic and social development, researching industrial clusters competitiveness is Economics and Chinese Economic and social development, this paper adhere to standardized methods and empirical analysis, historical analysis and logic analysis, model analysis, comparative analysis and system analysis. As well as the paper structure is logical structure of progressive layers, this section of the paper will general introduce main content.Chapter two:the statue quo of the research and basic theory of human capital integration and industrial clusters competitiveness. This chapter first general introduce their relationship about human capital and human capital integration, industry clusters and industrial cluster competitiveness, human capital and industrial cluster competitiveness. Second, analyzing the basic theory about human capital and industrial clusters competitiveness, the main answer interaction mechanism in human capital and industrial clusters.It is a foundation analyzing human capital integration and industrial clusters competitiveness.Chapter three:correlation analysis about human capital integration and industrial clusters competitiveness. This chapter defines human capita integration, industrial clusters and industrial clusters competitiveness, to explain the meaning nature and causes of the industrial clusters competitiveness, discusses premise and key of human capital of integration to compose industrial cluster competitiveness, Canonical Correlation Analysis between Level of human capital and the industrial clusters competitiveness. It builds a basis in order to analyze industrial clusters competitiveness from the perspective of human capital integration.Chapter four: constructing evaluation index system about industrial clusters competitiveness based on human capital integration. This paper uses having existed research results to define industrial clusters boundaries, using input-output analysis method in application analysis, according to need of this study, constructing industrial cluster competitiveness evaluation index system based on human capital integration, meanwhile, determine the weight of indicator system at all levels by AHP.We think chat human capital that can be used as an independent factor to enhance industrial clusters competitiveness.Chapter five:human capital dynamic integration within the organization based on enhancing industrial clusters competitiveness. First, this chapter defines and classifies tacit knowledge, and then discusses the relationship between the dissemination of tacit knowledge and industrial clusters competitiveness, on this basis, further discussion of the internal conversion of tacit knowledge based on human capital integration, while building differential dynamic model of knowledge dissemination based on college advisor system. Chapter six:human capital dynamic integration among the organization based on enhancing industrial clusters competitiveness.This chapter first discusses the dissemination of tacit knowledge between organizations, and then discusses the relationship between the dissemination of tacit knowledge industrial clusters competitiveness, and learn from others differential dynamic model, explaining the spread of tacit knowledge among organizations, on this basis, discusses the relationship between knowledge integration and industrial clusters competitiveness, proposed to enhance the industrial clusters competitiveness in organizational means.Chapter seven: human capital integration institutional arrangements based on enhancing the industrial clusters competitiveness.This chapter discusses four institutional arrangements to ensure the human capital integration. Analyzes from four aspects:establishing institutional strategies to break staff silence, establishing system of job security of employees, establishing human capital allocation system based on the strategic orientation, establishing the system of human capita residual claims.Chapter eight: conclusion and revelation. Summary, while indicate further study the problem and develop a direction for further research.The main research innovations of this dissertation are as follow:Ⅰ.This paper study industrial cluster competitiveness from human capital integration perspective. The past,there were Poter’s "four elements", Padmore and Gibson’s "three elements",Zeng Lu and Luo Wen-Da "social factor".This paper argues that to enhance the industrial clusters competitiveness, need to integrate the various elements within industrial clusters, the human capital integration is core elements in industry cluster.Ⅱ. Try to build the analysis framework human capital integration to enhance the industrial cluster competitiveness. First, the industrial clusters competitiveness and level of human capital is Canonical correlation, it is a foundation analyzing industrial clusters competitiveness from the perspective of human capital integration. secondly, built evaluation index system from the perspective of human capital integration, and at all levels with the AHP weights were compared. Third, analyzes human capital integration between the levels and methods. Fourth, proposes the "four major systems" arrangement to ensure that human capital at these levels and methods can be integrated.Ⅲ. Building evaluation index system on industrial clusters competitiveness from the perspective human capital integration. improve the industrial clusters competitiveness need to integrate various elements of industrial clusters, in essence, it is a integration about the businesses, governments, aid agencies, resources, market and other elements, these elements main body is human capital, integration of these elements is the essence of human capital integration. This paper regards the integration of human capital as an important element, analyzes by AHP, which it can be as a separate element, which is the integration of other elements of industrial clusters in common.IV.This mainly put forward human capital dynamic integration among cluster organization and within cluster organization. we construct Tacit Knowledge differential dynamic transferred model based on advisor system in order to Tacit Knowledge dissemination within industrial cluster organization. The paper analyzes the relationship about Tacit Knowledge dissemination and integration among industrial cluster organization, propose to enhance the industrial clusters competitiveness of organizational means.Ⅴ. Put forward to ensure the integration of human capital measures from the institutional arrangements. we must establish a system of safeguards, enhancing the industrial clusters competitiveness form human capital integration perspective. Staff silence is first the problem solved; after solving employees silence, we need to establish work security systems; after solving employees a sense of security,we need to create human capital allocation system with enterprise (organization) strategy consistent; to the right people in the right jobs, so that different positions of the staff and employees of different organizations can communicate and access the long-term process, that is the propagation process of tacit knowledge, tacit knowledge can be communication, human capital can be integrated, the organization’s productivity can be improved, the power of business to grow, build human capital residual claim the system is a matter of course.Studying industrial clusters competitiveness is a theoretical and practical significance into account, the complex and challenging task. This article discusses the human capital integration enhance the industrial clusters competitiveness within industrial clusters, between the human capital to enhance how the competitiveness of industrial clusters, not within the scope of this article. This paper tries to build research framework upgrading industrial clusters competitiveness through’human capital integration. although the design of industrial cluster competitiveness survey based on human capital integration, however, involved the number and scope of industrial clusters is very limited, lack of representative industrial cluster sample of a large empirical research is the biggest shortcoming, from the perspective of human capital integration, designing industrial cluster competitiveness evaluation index system is appropriate or not, also require large further validation sample data. Industrial clusters competitiveness in itself is a very complex system, because of limiting my knowledge, capacity. This paper is just the beginning to study industrial clusters competitiveness from the perspective of human capital integration, have not been covered issues related to further in-depth research.更多还原