【作者】 薛朝凤；

【导师】 王德春；

【作者基本信息】 上海外国语大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本文基于语言学、新闻学、法学等学科理论,主要从文体学和叙事学角度研究我国法制新闻话语的结构形式与社会功能、语体特征与叙事规律,探究法制新闻话语建构与解读的内在认知机制,探索话语理论。法制新闻话语,包括制度新闻话语和案件新闻话语,前者主要报道法律制度立废改等法制体系建设信息,后者主要报道权益纠纷之法律裁权等法治信息。法制新闻报道主要传播法制信息和法治精神,对于法治社会建设具有重要作用。我国学界少有对法制新闻话语进行研究,更少有结合文体学和叙事学研究方法研究法制新闻话语。笔者希望通过本研究弥补这一空白。本研究创新之处主要表现在如下几点。1)本研究角度新颖。本文主要结合文体学、叙事学的理论与方法对报刊媒体和网络媒体法制新闻话语的语体特征、话语结构、叙事策略、叙事模式进行研究,该研究有助于探索我国法制新闻话语的建构与解读规律。2)本研究语料新颖。本文作者自行搜集整理并且创建了语料库,精心选择了较有代表性的455篇法制新闻报道,语料的时间跨度为十年,即从2000年至2010年,语料来源于我国较有影响力的纸质媒体和网络媒体,有综合性媒体,也有法制新闻专业媒体,语料内容包括叙述法律制度体系建设信息的制度新闻报道,以及叙述法治实践活动信息的案件新闻报道。笔者对这些语料进行分类整理、统计分析。本研究所得结论,均建立在对此语料进行分析的基础上。3)本研究观点新颖。本文提出了“隐含叙述者”这一概念,总结了我国法制新闻话语在纸质媒体中的“中心文本+卫星文本”等结构形式以及在网络媒体中的“超文本链接立体式报道”的结构形式,并且拟构了我国法制新闻话语的叙事模式。本研究各章主要内容概括如下。第一章主要对本文研究对象进行界定,法制新闻话语是新近发生或发现的法律事件的报道,主要表现为制度新闻和案件新闻。接着综述了国内外的相关研究,揭示了法制新闻话语是一个有待开垦的话语研究阵地。第二章研究了法制新闻话语的标题结构形式及其语言特色。法制新闻标题的主题构成形式有五种,即,“地名+人名”式主题、“地名+类称词语”式主题、“身份/称谓+(人名/类指)”式主题、“地点+称谓+(人名)”式主题和“xx+案/事件/门”式主题。法制新闻双标题形式有三大类十小种,其中,三大类为,“句子+句子”式双标题、“一句话”式双标题、以及“短语+短语”式双标题。法制新闻双标题语义逻辑关系有六种,即,因果关系双标题、并列关系双标题、递进关系双标题、解释关系双标题、总分关系双标题、特殊关系双标题。第三章研究了法制新闻正文结构及其语言特色。法制新闻报道的文本结构形式主要有:纸媒法制报道的两种文本结构,即“标题+导语+正文”单文本结构以及“中心文本+卫星文本”多文本结构;网络法制报道的超链接立体式之文本结构。法言法语是法制新闻话语的主要语言特色。法制新闻话语,以报道语体为主,其中报道中引用的法庭辩论是口头书卷语体,法院判决书是事务语体,法律术语是科学语体用语。第四章研究了法制新闻话语的叙事策略与叙事模式。法制新闻话语叙事策略主要表现在声音、视角、时空等方面。法制新闻话语中存在“隐含叙述者”,即叙述者所代言的真正叙述者,是法制新闻报道的终端发话人。本文在Yakobson叙事模式、Labov叙事模式、Chatman叙事模式、Martin叙事模式等四大经典叙事模式基础上建构了我国法制新闻报道的叙事模式。这对于法制新闻话语的建构与解读有一定的指导意义。第五章研究了法制新闻话语的功能。法制新闻话语具有四大主要功能,即法制信息传播功能、社会舆论导向功能、法治建设推进功能、审美移情提升功能等。第六章研究了法制新闻话语建构与解读。法制新闻话语建构以标题和正文的写作为主。法制新闻话语交际双方构成复杂,主要有记者与读者、隐含叙述者与叙述读者等。对话性是法制新闻话语文本属性。意识形态是法制新闻话语潜藏文本信息。第七章回顾了本研究的主要观点,提出了本研究的局限之处,并且展望了后续研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 This dissertation based on the theories of linguistics, journalism and law analyzes the structural forms and social functions of legal news reports and discloses the cognitive mechanism of constructing and understanding legal news texts from the perspective of stylistics and narratologies with the expectation of enriching discourse researches. Legal news reports can be divided into two types. One is called legal system news which mainly reports the creation, revision or repeal of legislation and administrative regulations in China. The other is called case news which mainly reports lawsuits and their judgments by court. Legal news texts report to the public information about the legal system building and culture of rule by law, which has a great effect on establishing society ruled by law. Few studies have been made on legal news texts, let alone studies on it from the perspective of stylistics and narratologies theories combined. The dissertation takes the initiative to plow the field of legal new texts.The dissertation has reached some creative conclusions as follows.A) It opens a new way to study legal news texts. The dissertation mainly based on stylistics and narratologies studies on linguistic styles, text structural forms, narrative technologies and models of legal news reports from influential newspaper, magazine and internet, which helps disclose the constructing and understanding legal news texts in China.B) It builds a corpus of legal news texts. The dissertation collects and builds its own corpus of legal news about legal system building and lawsuits which include 455 texts of ten years from 2000 to 2010 from influential newspapers, magazines, and websites in China. The dissertation draws all its conclusions based on analysis of its corpus of legal news. C) It draws some new research results. The dissertation puts forward the concept of implied narrative, sets up three text structural forms of“title + body + coda”, of“central text + nuclear texts”and of“hypertext hyperlink”, and what’s more, constructs the narrative model of legal news reports in China. The dissertation is divided into seven chapters, each with the main points as follows.Chapter 1 defines legal news texts, which reports legal events that happened or has been discovered recently and summarizes the recent researches home and abroad.Chapter 2 analyzes five forms of legal news title that include“place name + person name”,“place name + generic reference”,“status/title +(person name or generic reference)”,“place + title +(person name)”,“xx +案/事件/门”and so on. Legal news has three types of double news title that include“sentence + sentence”,“one sentence”,“phrase + phrase”.Chapter 3 analyzes news body’s structural forms and its stylistics. Chapter 4 analyzes narrative technologies and models of legal news texts. The narrative skills of voice, focus, and time and space are discovered applied in legal news reports. The implied narrator hides himself between lines of legal news texts.Chapter 5 discusses the functions of legal news reports. Chapter 6 explores the constructing and understanding legal news reports. Chapter 7 summarizes the dissertation by pointing out its strong and weak points and further research.更多还原