【作者】 王晓琳；

【导师】 姬长生；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 资源开发规划与设计， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 发展低碳经济已经成为我国转变传统高能耗、高污染的经济增长方式，大力推进节能减排，促进经济健康增长和社会可持续发展的重要手段。中国要尽早进入低碳时代就必须实现高碳能源的低碳化生产和利用。煤炭领域是我国实现CO2减排目标的关键所在，是发展低碳经济的重点领域。国内外研究表明，目前煤炭矿区低碳研究注重点仅仅是从技术角度实现低碳，但从管理、环境、经济、人文等系统规划的角度所做的研究还不够，才刚刚起步，没有形成完全围绕“低碳”的矿区发展模式。本文以盘江集团为研究对象，基于盘江集团煤炭矿区产品和产业结构单一、资源综合利用率低、瓦斯开发利用低等现状，从低碳经济的角度，对地下开采煤矿进行碳排放源的构成分析，进而核算碳排放量；在此基础上，建立煤炭矿区低碳经济评价指标体系及综合评价模型；进而提出碳减排途径，构建低碳经济产业链。最终形成低碳经济下煤炭矿区的发展模式，并完善低碳保障体系。论文在深入分析低碳经济概念、理论方法、国内外矿区低碳经济现状的基础上从构建煤炭矿区低碳经济模式的角度提出了“矿区低碳经济”的概念：矿区低碳经济就是以降低CO₂和CH₄气体排放为目标，建立低碳生产系统、低碳技术体系和低碳产业链，实现高碳能源的高效利用和低碳化排放，包括分析找出碳排放源、进行碳排放量化计算，构建与分析低碳经济模式量化综合评价体系，提出碳减排途径、制定出低碳政策、开发利用低碳技术和产品，最终形成矿区低碳经济结构和模式。在确定了“矿区低碳经济”概念的基础上，运用生命周期的过程分析法，通过对煤炭矿区从地下采出煤炭生产、深加工和燃烧发电过程中产生的所有排放源进行系统分析，分析地下开采煤炭矿区的直接碳排放源和间接碳排放源，确定出碳排放边界。并将研究成果应用于盘江集团煤炭矿区，从产业链的角度，找出了煤炭在矿区内从开采到被输出或利用的流通路径，系统分析各个生产和流通利用环节的碳排放源，揭示了碳排放的本质过程，为科学合理的计算碳排放量和从源头上制定碳减排计划奠定基础。根据煤炭在矿区内的流通路径、能量消耗与伴生资源的处理，建立了碳排放源的碳排放量核算模型，量化计算煤炭矿区的碳排放量。并应用于盘江集团煤电产业链的碳排放量核算，在确定各碳排放源的碳排放因子和资源消耗量的基础上，得到了煤电产业链上各个环节的碳排放量并加总为整个盘江集团煤炭矿区的碳排放总量。在碳排放量核算的基础上，遵循低碳经济评价指标体系的构建原则，确定出涵盖工业代谢、固废流、碳元素流、水流、能量流及主要环境影响等因素的煤炭矿区低碳经济综合评价指标体系。并通过对盘江集团煤炭矿区低碳经济系统分析，进一步修正构建出符合盘江集团实际的低碳经济评价具体指标，运用AHP法得出指标体系的一级和二级指标的权重，对2005²010年间盘江矿区综合经济效益进行评价，并通过建立GM（1，1）模型，预测出盘江集团“十二五”期间各项指标值。预测盘江集团2015年低碳经济综合经济效益评价值将比2010年提高25%。实行低碳技术并结合相关实施措施之后，盘江集团在“十二五”期间各项能耗和排放指标以及低碳经济综合经济效益均较2010年将有较大幅度提高。结合评价和预测的结论，在分别核算各种减排途径的碳排放量和经济效益的基础上，分析得出了盘江集团的碳减排关键途径，依此构建出盘江集团煤炭矿区低碳经济产业模式，并提出了相应的规划项目和相关保障措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of low-carbon economy has become an important means tochange the traditional high energy consumption and pollution patterns of economicgrowth, vigorously promote energy conservation and promote healthy economicgrowth and sustainable social development.China as soon as possible to enter thelow-carbon era it is necessary to achieve low-carbon production and use ofhigh-carbon energy.The coal production field, is the area of focus of the developmentof a low-carbon economy, and also the key to achieve CO₂emission reduction targetsin China.Domestic and foreign studies have shown that the coal mining area oflow-carbon research focusing on just from a technical point of view to achievelow-carbon, but the management, environmental, economic, cultural and other systemplanning point of view is not enough research done, has not formed completelyaround the mine development model of "low carbon".This paper to coal mining areaof Panjiang Group for the study, based on the single product and industry structure,the low comprehensive utilization of resources, the low gas development andutilization and so on, from the perspective of a low-carbon economy, analyzes thecomposition of the underground coal mining sources of carbon emissions to calculatethe carbon emissions. On this basis, the paper establishes a coal mine evaluation indexsystem and comprehensive evaluation model for low-carbon economy, then proposescarbon reduction approach and builds a low-carbon economy industry chain. Finally,it formates the low-carbon development mode of coal mining area, and improveslow-carbon security system.After depth analysis of the concept of low-carbon economy, theoreticalapproaches, low-carbon economy current situation of domestic and internationalmining areas, this paper presents the "low-carbon economy of mining areas" conceptfrom the perspective of building a low-carbon economy in coal mining area.The"low-carbon economy of mining area " is to reduce the emissions of CO₂and CH₄gas,and establishes a low-carbon production systems, low-carbon technology system andthe low industrial carbon chain, in order to achieve efficient use of high-carbon energyand low-carbon emissions, including analysis to identify sources of carbon emissions,to quantify the carbon emissions calculation, construction and analysis of low-carboneconomic model to quantify the comprehensive evaluation system, the proposedcarbon reduction pathway, development of the low-carbon policies, development andutilization of low-carbon technologies and products, and ultimately the structure and mode of mining low-carbon economy is formatted.on the basis of determining the concept of low-carbon economy of mining area,we use “the Process Analysis of Life Cycle” to analyze direct and indirect emissionssources in underground coal mining area and determine the carbon border, by miningcoal from underground coal mining area in the process of production and processingand combustion power system analysis of all emission sources.And research resultsare applied to the Panjiang coal mining area, it is found that the circulation path ofcoal from be mined to be output in the mining area or utilization, our system analysisof the various production and distribution aspects of the sources of carbon emissionsreveal the nature of the carbon emissions, lay the foundation for the scientificcalculation of carbon emissions from the source to develop carbon reduction scheme.According to the flow path of the coal in the mine, the energy consumption andassociated resources processing, we establish the source of carbon emissions carbonemissions accounting model to quantify the carbon emissions in the calculation of thecoal mining process （within the mining area）.And it is applied to the accounting of thethe Panjiang Group carbon emissions of coal and electric power industry, we getcarbon emissions of coal and electric power industry chain on all aspects of carbonemissions and total carbon emissions in whole Panjiang group on the basis ofdetermining the source of carbon emissions carbon emission factors and resourceconsumption.On the basis of carbon emissions accounting, the comprehensive evaluationindex system of coal-mining areas in a low-carbon economy is determined followingthe principle of construction of a low-carbon economy evaluation index system.Itcovers industrial metabolism, the solid waste stream, carbon flow, flow, flow ofenergy, as well as major environmental impact factors.And through systematic analysis of the Panjiang group of coal-mininglow-carbon economy, we further amend to build in line with the the Panjiang Grouplow-carbon economic evaluation of specific indicators, Primary and secondaryindicators of weight form AHP method are used to2005-2010comprehensiveeconomic benefit evaluation of Panjiang, through the establishment of GM （1,1）model, we predict Panjiang group’s the index value during"Twelve-Five" schedule.We predict that Panjiang Group, comprehensive economic benefits evaluation valueof the low carbon economy in2015than in2010increased by25%. After theintroduction of low-carbon technologies and the related implementing measures, Panjiang Group in the "Twelve-Five " schedule the energy and emission targets, aswell as low-carbon economy economic benefits compared with2010there will bemore substantial increase.Combining evaluation and prediction of the conclusions and accounting the low-carbon-effectiveness of various carbon-reduction approaches, we find PanjiangGroup’s key carbon reduction approaches, and finally,construct low-carbon economyindustrial model of Panjiang Group coal mining area, and propose the correspondingplanning projects and safeguards.更多还原