【作者】 刘华；

【导师】 刘国常；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 会计学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 审计质量是审计研究的核心，声誉机制是保证审计质量的最重要、最基础和最有效的方法（夏立军，2006）。审计作为降低代理成本和缓解信息不对称的重要机制，可以起到保护投资者的作用。因此，研究在投资者保护中，会计师事务所声誉是否发挥作用以及如何发挥作用具有十分重要的意义。我国审计市场的建立时间不长，且主要由政府推动发展，对于事务所声誉是否能够发挥作用存在很大争议，特别是证券市场上缺乏对投资者利益的保护，凸显了本文研究的重要性。本文构建了事务所声誉和审计质量的模型，对影响事务所声誉作用机制的因素进行了分析。在探讨事务所声誉如何认定后，采用多种衡量指标，以资本市场上市场份额前十、前二十的事务所，事务所总收入为前十、前二十的事务所，四大及政府行政认可的事务所作为有声誉的事务所，发现资本市场上市场份额为前十、事务所总收入为前十的事务所能提供更高的审计质量；而资本市场上市场份额为前二十、事务所总收入为前二十的事务所没有提供更高的审计质量。本文发现政府行政认可的事务所提供了更高的审计质量，没有发现四大提供更高审计质量的证据。本文也实证检验了事务所声誉对大股东资金占用和对监管部门监督的影响，扩展了审计声誉研究的范围。以A股市场2007年到2010年的上市公司数据为样本，本文发现，对大股东的资金占用行为，事务所能出具非标审计意见；事务所声誉越高，越倾向出具非标意见；并且在上年度上市公司收到非标意见的情况下，事务所声誉越高，越能够导致本年度大股东资金占用的减少。另外，非标意见引起了监管部门对上市公司的处罚；且声誉越高的事务所出具的非标审计意见更容易导致监管部门对上市公司处罚。公司遭到处罚后，有声誉的事务所能提高对投资者的保护。研究表明，事务所声誉机制发挥了对投资者的保护作用。本文的贡献主要体现在：一是构建了事务所声誉和审计质量的模型，对影响事务所声誉作用机制的因素进行了研究；二是采用多种指标来衡量事务所声誉；三是研究了事务所声誉对大股东和监管部门的影响，从而扩展了事务所声誉作用机制的研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The audit quality is the core for audit research. The reputation mechanism is the mostimportant, the most fundamental and the most useful method to ensure the auditquality (Xia,2006).Audit is a very important mechanism to reduce the agencyproblem and information problem, and it can protect investors. Whether auditreputation and how audit reputation works to protect investors are very meaningfultopics. In China, the audit market has just been set up for a short time, and thegovernment has played a very important role in it. As to whether audit works is a heattopic. However, there is not enough protection for investors, which makes theresearch more important.This paper provides researching the mechanism of audit reputation, and analyzes theinfluential factors of the mechanism from the cost and efficency angle. The auditmechanism works by motivation and restriction, and it works within the limitations ofa number of factors. After exploring how to measure the audit reputation, this paperuses lots of indexes to measure the CPA firm’s reputation. The indexes are: the top10and the top20measured both by the market share and the CPA firm’s revenue, big4and the granted reputable CPA firm by government. This paper establishes that thetop10CPA firms both based on the market share and on the firm revenue work toprotect the investors, which shows reputation works. However, the top20CPA firmsdon’t protect the investors very well. In addtion, this paper supports that reputableCPA firms do protect investors, but big4don’t show a good audit quality.This paper also explores whether the reputable audit firms have influences on both thelarge shareholder’s expropriation and the regulator’s probe. Using a sample from2007to2010in the A-share market, this paper finds out that on average CPA firmswill issue qualified reports to expriporiation and the CPA firm with a higherreputation will be more likely to issue the qualified reports. The next year’sexpropriation will be reduceing if the audit firm is reputable. In addtion, the regulatorsuse the qualified audit reports. The higher the reputation of the CPA firm, the more attention paid by the regulators, and the more probes lauched by the regulators.Furthermore, after the government probed, the accounting information quality will beimproved on the firms audited by the reputable CPA firm, while the expropriation willdecrease on the firms audited by the repuatable CPA firms. This paper supports thatthe reputable CPA firms can protect investors theoretically and empirically.The contribution of this paper are the following: firstly this paper explores how tomeasure the reputable CPA firms, secondly the paper studys the factors that will haveinfluence on the reputation mechanism,finally the paper studies the shareholders’expropriation and regulators’ attentions to the repuatable CPA firm.更多还原