【作者】 王嘉亮；

【导师】 马剑； 张玉坤；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 建筑技术科学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 建筑适应气候一直是建筑领域研究与实践的追求，随着几十年的智能建筑和表皮技术的不断发展，促使建筑与建筑表皮逐渐具有了整合智能、动态和可持续特征的可能性。本课题基于“生物气候适应机制对研究思路的技术创新性”提出这样的研究假设：从仿生学的思路出发，将生物气候适应性的特征，从自然模型的层面上转移到建筑可持续层面的建筑表皮设计中；同时，面向未来城市、建筑空间和人的互动性趋势发展，将界面的动态特征融合其中，最终形成“仿生性的动态建筑表皮（Bio-inspired Kinetic Envelopes）”。无论是作为设计思路，抑或是理论体系，该研究都可以为建筑领域提供一个崭新的和极具特色的发展方向。本课题的研究围绕仿生设计、动态建筑和可持续设计三个主题展开，并采用BIM建筑信息模型的参数化设计作为整合三个主题的核心研究方法。全文共分七章，从导论一章的提出问题，确定研究的思路和假设，过渡到第二章相关表皮、动态建筑和仿生三个内容的基本理论阐述，为本课题研究提供基本的理论支持，而后的研究主体内容基本上按照如下“问题的启发设计”（Human problem-driveninspired design）的研究思路展开：1）定义研究对象（第三章动态建筑及动态建筑表皮的类型研究和实验探索，以及第五章建筑表皮与建筑能耗的关联性研究）；2）重构研究问题（第四章中生物与建筑表皮在气候适应性上的对应）；3）探索相关生物系统（第四章中生物气候适应性的各类系统分析和整理）；4）提炼生物启发设计的逻辑应用模型（第四章中生物气候适应性的模型分析和启发设计框架）；5）实验性应用（第六章基于BIM参数化方法的仿生动态建筑表皮实验性设计）。在这其中，实验性应用的研究过程是通过一个具体实例和生物模型展开，其主要作用在于对整个思路和架构的示例，以及对仿生性动态建筑表皮设计的思路总结。第七章结论中重申了课题的核心成果，包括动态建筑和动态建筑表皮的类型及其特征、生物气候适应性的启发设计框架、以气候适应为目标的建筑表皮和能耗之间的变量结构关系、BIM建筑信息模型的参数化方法、仿生性动态建筑表皮设计与发展的三维空间体系五个内容。更多还原

【Abstract】 There has been long a pursuit in architecture to make buildings respond to climate.Over the past decades, the development of intelligent building and envelopetechnologies has promised opportunities that buildings and envelopes are able to besmart, kinetic and sustainable. Based on the innovation nature of biologicalacclimatization related to climate, the research conducted through bio-inspired designmethods proposes that: natural models’ acclimatization can be translated to buildingenvelopes design aiming at building sustainability. In the tendency of interactivearchitecture and urban environments, this translation can be combined with kineticfeatures and in turn shape―Bio-inspired Kinetic Envelopes‖. The research presents aninnovative and unique insight into architecture at the level of both design methods andtheories.The research focuses on three main issues——bio-inspired design, kineticarchitecture and sustainable design, and integrates these three topics by a newresearch method related to BIM (Building Information Modeling) parametric design.This dissertation includes seven chapters. The first chapter proposes questions anddefines the research hypothesis. The second chapter about literature reviews embracesthe issues of building envelope, kinetic architecture and bio-inspired design, and itprovides the theory foundation to this study. The following three chapters areaccording to the processes of bio-inspired design:1) Defines the research subjects(typology study and exploration on kinetic architecture and kinetic envelope in theThird Chapter, and study on the energy transfer from building envelopes in the FifthChapter);2) Reframes the problems (the analogy study between biology and buildingenvelopes in the Fourth Chapter);3) Biological solutions search (analysis andcollections on biological models related to acclimatization in the Fourth Chapter);4)Principle extraction from acclimatization (bio-inspired design frameworks fromnatural models in the Fourth Chapter);5) Experimental application (design process ofbio-inspired kinetic building envelopes by using the BIM parametric method in theSixth Chapter). Among this process, the experimental application is through a designcase study related to specific biological model, which aims at establishing the wholestructure of research and generalizing the design process of bio-inspired kineticenvelopes. The final chapter restate the research results including the typology of kineticarchitecture and envelopes, the design framework inspired by biologicalacclimatization, the energy transfer and distributions from building envelopes, theBIM parametric method, the3D model representation of the design and thedevelopment of the bio-inspired kinetic building envelope.更多还原