我国公司法的司法发展机制研究

【作者】 胡旭东；

【导师】 陈甦；

【作者基本信息】 中国社会科学院研究生院 ， 经济法学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 本文以“我国公司法的司法发展机制研究”为题，以实证分析为主要研究方法，以司法文献、司法裁判为主要基础素材，致力于研究如下问题：公司法如何经由司法过程成为法律秩序？立法建构与司法发展两种法律生长方式如何实现良性互动？全文共分为五章。第一章为“导论”。主要介绍论文的问题意识、研究意义、研究现状、研究思路。第二章为“司法发展公司法的机制基础”。首先解析公司这一利益联结体中多类多样现实和潜在的利益冲突现象；其次指出公司法所承载的主要功能及各类利益平衡机制；然后对公司法的自我实施、行政执法、司法裁判等实施机制进行分析；再次，指出司法活动在公司利益处理机制中的特殊地位与特别功能，分析法院形成公司法秩序、发展公司法规则的作用空间和主要机制。第三章为“司法发展公司法的机制构造”。首先从宏观理念与微观技术两个层面，解析司法发展法律的机制构造，对不同司法哲学之下、不同法系之中判例的法律发展功能予以简要比对，对各种法律解释方法予以简要归类，对规范性司法解释理论予以简要梳理，作为后文展开实证分析的理论基础。进而简要考察英、美、德、日四国法院发展公司法的现象，以之作为本文的域外事实证明。第四章为“司法文献对公司法的解释与续造”。首先类型化梳理规范性司法解释，分析其“准立法化”、“趋政治性”等主要特征及成因；然后类型化梳理地方性公司法司法文件，分析其对公司法治秩序的双重影响；最后分析诉讼成本等约束因素对公司诉讼的影响，考察我国公司诉讼受案范围和诉讼费用规则的变化趋势，分析我国法院如何调控公司诉讼之门。第五章为“司法裁判对公司法的解释与续造”。选取公司担保、公司法人格否认、公司决议效力三类在公司法制度体系中具有核心地位和代表意义的具体规则，基于近400份司法裁判文书，分析司法与立法的互动关系，归纳了有价值的司法经验。检思法院惯常的解释论证思路发现，我国法官在具体适用公司法过程中存在着较为明显的“轻逻辑推理、重价值判断”的不当思维惯性和惰性。法官思维的“规范隐退”及与之关联的“同案异判”现象，必须引起高度注意。第六章为“我国公司法的判例发展机制（代结论）”。在实证分析基础之上，论述通过判例机制来发展公司法规则体系的必要性和可行性，并对公司法判例（指导性案例）机制合理化构造的关键问题提出建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With research on judicial development mechanism of corporate law of China as its theme, positive analysis asmajor research methods, justice literature and judicial opinions as major basis materials, this paper with five chapterstotally applies itself to the following two main questions: How does corporate law change into legal order throughjustice? How do legislative building and judicial development keep benign interactions?Chapter One is an introduction and mainly introduces problem consciousness, research significance, researchstatus and research thought.Chapter Two is mechanism foundation of judicial development of corporate law. First analyze diversified realisticand potential conflicts of interest phenomenon of corporate interest coupling body. Second point out the main functionsthat corporate law bears and balance mechanism of all kinds of conflicts of interest. And then analyze theimplementation mechanism of corporate law, administrative law enforcement, judicial referee and so on. Finally, thispaper analyzes corporate law order, its scope of developing the rules of the corporate law and the main mechanism.Chapter Three is mechanism composition of judicial development of corporate law. First analyze mechanismcomposition of judicial development from the macro and the micro technology, compare case law development functionsunder both different judicial philosophy and different legal systems briefly, sort out the methods of different legalinterpretations briefly, and sum up the theory of normative judicial interpretations briefly, which are theoretical basis forempirical analysis. Last observe and study phenomenon of development corporate law among Britain, the United States,Germany and Japan, which are the factual proofs from foreign countries.Chapter Four is the interpretation and renewal of judicial documents to corporate law. Firstly classify normativejudicial interpretation and analyze its genesis and features like quasi legislation and the trend of politics. Then classify thelocal judicial documents and analyze the dual influences on corporate law order. Last analyze the influence of litigation bythe restricted factors, such as by the cost of litigation. Check the scope of accepting the lawsuit for the companies of Chinaand the change of the cost of litigation, and analyze how to control the corporate lawsuits.Chapter Five is the interpretation and renewal of judicial referee to corporate law. Select the specific rules that arecorporate guarantee, disregarding corporate entity, and corporate resolution effectiveness with core status and significancein corporate law.Analyze the judicial and legislative interaction and summarize valuable judicial experience based onnearly400judicial referee documents. We find that judges in application process of corporate law have obvious, improperthinking inertia called "lighten technology reasoning, aggravate essence judgment". Legal norms’retrogression in judges’thought and “The same case is sentenced in a different place” must be highly paid attention to.Chapter Six is development method of precedent cases of our corporate law.(General conclusion) On the basis ofprevious empirical analysis, This paper discusses the necessity and feasibility of developing the system of corporate lawthrough case mechanism and comes up with some solutions to some crucial problems of our country case system(Guiding Case System) rationalization composition.更多还原