【作者】 韩同福；

【导师】 王树恩；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 高速公路是经济发展的必然产物,高速公路的问世缩短了人们之间的时空距离,加快了各个区域经济和文化的交流,促进了社会的发展,成为了人类社会文明的标志。同时,高速公路全封闭全立交的特点,其建设和运行不可避免地要对高速公路路域及其周边地区的生态环境产生影响,如何对高速公路路域生态环境的进行保护与恢复重建已成为众人瞩目的热点。本文针对高速公路路域生态规划及其环境影响评价进行了研究,主要做了以下几个方面的工作:第一,分析了国内外高速公路路域生态规划和生态环境影响评价研究的现状,以及高速公路路域生态规划和生态环境影响评价的有关理论。第二,研究了高速公路路域生态规划的一般原则和方法,分别从景观生态学、污染生态学和可持续发展理论的角度,提出了基于景观生态学、污染生态学和可持续发展理论的高速公路路域生态规划,并给出了其生态规划的框图和步骤。第三,研究了高速公路路域生态环境影响指标体系的构建原则和方法,通过网络层次分析法对高速公路路域生态环境影响因素的分析和指标选择,构建了高速公路路域生态环境影响指标体系。第四,建立了基于神经网络、模糊综合方法和模糊神经网络的高速公路路域生态环境影响评价模型,并分别给出了它们构建步骤和推导公式。第五,以济青高速公路为示范工程,从高速公路路域生态规划,到生态恢复,特别是植被建植、防眩生物模式和水土保持研究;从高速公路路域植被与大气污染、噪声、水土流失和重金属的吸附方面,给出了济青高速公路的路域生态工程的施工方案和效果,并对济青高速公路路域生态环境影响进行了评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 Highway is the inevitable product of economic development. Highway, which shortened the time and space distance between people, accelerated the regional economic and cultural exchanges, and promoted social development, has become a symbol of human civilization. Meanwhile, with the interchange closed characteristics, the construction and operation of highway will inevitably affect its surroundings and the ecological environment, public attention has been focused on how to protect and reconstruct the ecological environment of highway. In this paper, the ecological planning and environmental impact assessment of highway is studied on the following aspects:First of all, this paper introduced the current study situation as well as related theory of ecological planning and environmental impact assessment of the highway.Secondly, this paper studied the general principles and methods of ecological planning, proposed the ecological planning of highway based on landscape ecology, pollution ecology and sustainable development theory respectively, and put forward the block diagram and steps of ecological planning.Thirdly, this paper studied the index system principles and methods of highway ecological environment, and constructs the index system of highway ecological environmental impact by analyzing environmental factors and choosing index based on analytic network process.Fourthly, highway environmental impact assessment model is built based on neural network, fuzzy approach and fuzzy neural network, Construction steps and the derivation of the formula are given as well.Finally, Jinan-Qingdao highway as the demonstration project, the ecological engineering construction plan and effect is given, and impacts of Jinan-Qingdao highway on ecological environment are evaluated in this paper.更多还原