【作者】 李明术；

【导师】 余柏椿；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 今天,武汉市之所以能成为中部地区的中心城市与水运的历史功劳是分不开的。交通通过改变空间的可达性来影响土地的价格和利用方式,从而导致城市空间演变。交通因素是城市空间演变的主要影响因素之一,而水运交通又是交通的重要组成部分,因此水运交通也将对城市空间演变产生影响。文章首先分析近现代武汉水运对城市空间演变影响的背景。根据近现代武汉各时期对外交通的构成结构以及各构成因子之间的关联程度以及交通时代特征,将自汉口开埠至今天(多种交通方式竞相发展时代)的武汉对外交通历史划分为三个时代,即近代水运时代、水陆联运时代、快速立体综合交通时代。根据近现代武汉水运在各时期的发展状态特征,将近现代武汉水运划分成三大阶段,即兴盛阶段、衰落阶段、特殊阶段。然后研究近现代武汉水运对城市空间扩展的影响规律。主要从空间扩展比例变化、扩展模式变化两个方面进行研究。扩展比例变化规律——从武汉被迫开埠到社会主义市场经济高速发展的今天,随着水运在武汉对外交通中地位的下降、水运运输对象逐渐趋于单一化,水运影响下的城市空间扩展比例有越来越小的趋势(与水运纵向发展兴衰状态无关)。未来会继续逐渐减小,但只要水运交通方式继续存在,该扩展比例就不会为零。扩展模式变化规律——随着水运在武汉对外交通中地位的下降、水运运输对象逐渐趋于单一化,水运影响下的城市空间扩展模式从开埠时紧靠主城区沿江河(长江、汉水)带状扩展模式渐变为远离主城区沿长江跨越式组团扩展模式,并且与主城区之间的跨越距离有越来越远之趋势(与水运纵向发展兴衰状态无关)。接着研究近现代武汉水运对城市空间结构的影响规律。主要从用地功能结构、港城空间关系两个方面进行研究。用地功能结构影响规律——随着水运在城市对外交通中地位的下降、水运运输对象逐渐趋于单一化,水运影响下的城市空间土地利用性质的类别越来越趋于单一化(从开埠时包络万象到今天仅仅只有大型化工业用地和临港产业用地,与水运纵向发展兴衰状态无关)。港城空间关系影响规律——随着城市和水运的发展,港城关系由一体状态被迫渐变成分离状态,并且港域空间与主城区之间的距离有越来越远之趋势。港口与城市的关系将会逐渐减弱,但港口与区域的关系将会逐步加强。最后,根据本文研究出的影响规律对未来武汉城市圈基于水运影响的城市空间扩展进行预测——未来在武汉城市圈范围内,由于水运因素的影响一定会在长江两岸形成一系列新的远离主城区的小城镇,且这些小城镇的功能将比较单一更多还原

【Abstract】 Today, the reason that Wuhan can become the central city of the central region is definitely on count of its historical water transportation. The transportation affects the land price and the use through changing space’s accessibility, thus causes evolution of the urban space. The traffic is one of the major affect factors for the urban space evolvement, and the water transportation is also the important component of the transportation, therefore the water transportation will make influence to the urban space evolution.This dissertation first analyzes the modern Wuhan water transportation influences to the urban space evolution as the background. According to the modern Wuhan’s external transportation structure in various times, the connection degree of each constitution factor and the transportation historical characteristics, the dissertation division the times into three stages, from the open of the Hankow port to many kinds of transportation way competition development today’s Wuhan external communication, as: the modern water transportation time, the portage time and the fast stereoscopic comprehensive transportation time. According to the development condition characteristics of the modern Wuhan water transportation in various times, it divides the modern Wuhan water transportation into three main stages:the prosperous stage, the decline stage and the special stage.Then the dissertation studies the regular pattern of the modern Wuhan water transportation’s influence to its urban space, mainly by means of the relative scale change and the expansion pattern change. The expansion relative scale change law--as the status drop of the water transportation (has nothing to do with the prosperity and decline condition of the water transportation longitudinal development), from the open of the Wuhan port to today’s high speed development of the socialist market economy, the urban space expansion relative scale have the tendency of getting smaller under the water transportation’s influence. In the future it will continue to reduce gradually, but if only the water transportation exist, cannot this expansion relative scale be eliminated. The regular pattern of expansion pattern change--as the status drop of the water transportation (has nothing to do with the prosperity and decline condition of the water transportation longitudinal development), under the water transportation influence’s urban space expansion pattern changed from the ribbon development pattern abuts the main city when the port opened to the group expansion pattern which away from the main city.Then the dissertation researches the regular pattern of the modern Wuhan water transportation to the city spatial structure influence, mainly by means of the land function structure and the relation of the port-city. The regular pattern of the land function structure--as the status drop of the water transportation (has nothing to do with the prosperity and decline condition of the water transportation longitudinal development), the category of the urban space land utilization has the tendency of the simplification under the water transportation influence (from the all-embracing when the port opened to today’s merely only the large scale industry land and near port industry land). The regular pattern of the port and city’s spatial relations--along with the urban and the water transportation’s development, the port city relations are compelled changed from the integrative condition to the discrete state, and the port space and the main city’s distance has a more and more farther tendency. The relation of the harbor and the urban will be weaken gradually, but the relation of the harbor and the region will be strengthen progressively.Finally, according to this dissertation’s the influence law, it forecasts the urban space expansion based on the water transportation influence--in the Wuhan city circle, the water transportation will certainly form a series of small cities far away from the main city along the Yangtze River, and these small cities’ function will be quite unitary.更多还原