【作者】 岳晓鹏；

【导师】 张玉坤；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 鉴于城市的无限扩张,生态环境的恶化,资源的过度消耗以及社会隔离的加剧等诸多问题,生态村作为一种全新的解决方式,于20世纪60年代在欧美等国家应运而生。作为社会实验绿色生态位,它是基于整体性原则指导下在替代性社会空间内的一种生态、经济和社会全面综合可持续发展的全新生活模式。论文首先借助书籍资料、网络信息等广泛文献力量,对生态村的纵向发展脉络进行梳理,从历史角度廓清它的起源和演化历程,按照洲际差异,诠释了不同地区生态村的文化背景、物质形态和实践类型,并总结概括其基本特征,是为首次对国外生态村发展历史进行的详实的综述性研究。其次探寻了支撑生态村发展生态理论——生物区域观,并且从宏观角度在范式内涵、核心思想、属性特征等方面将二者进行对应关联性分析,并对其生态哲学进行定位,认为生态村蕴含的哲学理念归属于持有“一元论”和“整体论”的生态中心主义哲学范畴。在此基础上,总结和归纳了基于生物区域观方法论及实践途径之上的生态村设计方法、生态、经济和社会实践。最后,针对生态村在意识形态、建设体制方面与主体社会的相悖性及其自身乌托邦性,确定其“告别激进,走向改良”的转型基调,并从根植地方社会网络、调整自身建设体制以及发展多种可行模式三个方面提出改进发展策略,为生态村与主体社会相互兼容提供创新性思路,也为生态村可持续发展开创折中性发展道路。论文最后针对中国快速城市化以及经济高速发展、能源消耗过高等社会问题,探讨以生态村模式衍生的解决思路,以发人深省。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a result of city infinite sprawls, environmental pollution, resources depletion and social loneliness, Ecovillage movement was initiated in 1960’s as a new kind of solution. As the social experimental green niche, ecovillages are the new life mode under the direction of holistic principle. In this alternative social space, ecovillage contains sustainable development on ecological, social and economical aspects.The dissertation first summarizes and orients the ecovillage evolution with reference of books、thesis、and internet information, clarify its evolution and development history, and deeply analyze the culture context, material form、practice type and basic characteristics of ecovillage in different areas. This is the first time to make the specific detailed summary research of the ecovillage history development. Secondly, it explores the ecological theory behind the ecovillage------bioregionalism, correspondingly analyzes the relevance of paradigm content, core idea and property features between bioregionalism and ecovillage from macro viewpoint, point out that the ecological philosophy of ecovillage belong to Eco-centrism philosophy which is recognized as monism and holistic. On this basis, it reviews and summaries the ecological, economic and social practice based on bioregionalism methodology and practical way. At last, in the light of the utopia and converse aspects of ideology and building institutional between ecovillage and main society, it sets the tone“from radical to compromise”, proposes improving strategy from three aspects: rooted in local social network, adjusting the system of self-constriction and developing variety of possible models. This will provide innovative ideas for the compatibility between ecovillage and main society and explore compromise way for sustainable development of ecovillage.更多还原