【作者】 葛洁；

【导师】 张承中；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 利用微生物的生命活动净化气体有害成份的技术研究已经受到国内外的广泛关注。生物滴滤塔是一个包括气相、液相、固相,涉及填料、微生物、营养液、目标污染物等多种因素影响的复杂生物处理系统,已被用于一些自然上的废气处理。其微生物处理能力的提高、单位体积填料有效面积的增加、以及合理的操作参数确定,有利于促进生物反应器净化效率提高并降低运行成本。本文针对工业过程H₂S气体污染的问题,研究生物滴滤塔净化H₂S气体的优势菌群及其代谢特征,填料载体的性能及改性,以获得的适用于H₂S净化的混合菌种、改性陶粒为载体的生物滴滤塔工艺过程特性研究,提出工艺参数并进行相应的动力学分析,为生物滴滤塔处理H₂S气体提供相关理论与技术基础。主要成果如下:（1）分别从硫酸厂硫铁矿粉堆场土壤、硫酸厂脱硫装置排放废水、焦化厂废水污泥、生活污水处理厂曝气池污泥和西安淀粉厂污水处理曝气池污泥中分离,筛选鉴定出六株脱硫菌株,通过对比实验研究优选出两株菌群作为生物滴滤塔挂膜菌种,该两组菌种为:有机化能异养菌黄单胞杆菌Xanthomonas sp2（X2）,有机化能营养芽孢杆菌Bacillaceae sp2（B2）。确定了（B2,X2）混合菌种培养液及培养条件,其中pH值对菌种生长量影响最大,最适生长pH值为6.0⁷.0。（2）以1.5mol/L FeCl3溶液为改性剂,焙烧温度400℃,焙烧时间3h制备改性陶粒。陶粒改性后,表面粗糙度增大,空隙率增大6.2%、PI增大4倍以上,挂膜时间缩短了1/3,生物量增加了16%;以改性后陶粒为填料的生物滴滤塔比改性前有较高的H₂S去除能力,尤其是在进气浓度1200⁴500mg/m³范围内,去除率为95%以上,比未改性去除率提高9%,持续使用后表面α- Fe₂O₃晶体结构更清晰。（3）选择G循环喷淋液以葡萄糖作为C源,可以获得较高的（B2,X2）混合菌群优势度,对H₂S的去除效果较好。（4）（B2,X2）菌群改性填料生物滴滤塔去除H₂S机理初步分析为:在填料改性后,填料表面PI升高,在工况条件下,表面因质子化带正电荷,与微生物表面负电荷正负吸引,增加了单位填料生物膜量,增大生化反应比表面积,加快了体系中传质速率,增加系统去除能力及浓度适应范围。（B2,X2）异养菌群,世代较短,比增殖速率较快,通过细胞增殖与酶合成代谢调节方式去除H₂S。（5）异养菌（B2,X2）菌群代谢H₂S,部分是将其作为供细胞物质合成的硫源,合成硫键连接的蛋白质参与生命活动,另一部分通过氧化作用将其转化为S0状态的硫单质,此生物膜代谢产物为黄色颗粒,由喷淋循环液洗脱,沉淀在循环喷淋液槽底部。（6）对（B2,X2）菌群改性填料生物滴滤塔进行了动力学分析,并根据实验数据推荐出该工艺运行操作参数。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effectiveness of biological trickling filter treatment malodorous gases, due to packing, microbiology, nutrition, target pollutants and other factors has been used on several natural gas processing was the hot spot of air pollution control. Dominant bacterium and their metabolism characteristics, packing performance and modification process, was investigated for making an innovative biological trickling filter emissions from industrial. Parameters proposed and corresponding kinetic analysis characteristics are listed to illustrate the biotrickling filter degradation mechanism. The main results were showed as follows:（1） Screening six desulphurization bacterium from soil and wastewater from sulfuric acid factory, coking plant wastewater, activated sludge from the treatment plant and starch factory wastewater. Two strains of bacteria as a biological trickling filter biofilm are: organic heterotrophic bacteria Xanthomonas sp2 （X2）, organic nutrients Bacillaceae sp2 （B2） were selected by multiple comparative experiments. Culture medium and culture conditions of （B2, X2） mixed bacteria were identified, including pH, the greatest influence on bacteria growth.（2） FeCl3 solution as modifier, calcinations temperature 400℃, roasting time 3 hours, modifier concentration of 1.5mol/L modified ceramic manufacturing. Modified ceramic, surface roughness increases, the porosity increases 6.2%, PI increase 4 times. With the modified ceramic as filler packing, hanging membrane time shortens1/3, biomass increased by 16%,and which has high H₂S removal capacity than ceramic biotrickling filter, especially, when the inlet concentration range of 1200⁴500 mg/m3, this advantage is more obvious mean of 95%, 9% higher than that of unmodified.（3） Selected medium glucose as C source to get higher （B2, X2） mixed-species dominance, better removal of H₂S. （4） EPS secretion and its component changes are the reaction of bacterium and environment. The polysaccharide components in EPS are in more protect water, and the components of bond other micro-organisms, while protein should be the enzyme. Temperature was a significant effect on. The protein content of EPS Changed can be very good response in vitro enzyme changed.（5） In the process of degradation Heterotrophic bacteria used H₂S as energy sources, and compounded cell material at their life activity cycles at the same time, while transformed sulfide into S0 state which is creature biological sulfur polymer. The yellow particles of metabolites precipitated at the bottom of the circulation liquid trough by spraying circulation liquid elution.（6） Parameters proposed and corresponding kinetic analysis characteristics are listed to illustrate the biotrickling filter degradation mechanism.更多还原