【作者】 梁锐；

【导师】 刘加平；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 科学合理的生态民居评价体系,是西北乡村建设规范与科学发展的必备条件之一。本文以西北生态民居评价体系为研究对象,从建筑学专业角度出发,探讨生态居住建筑评价体系的地区适应性。结合西北地区的自然社会环境,探讨现代西北民居在自发演进中的困境,并基于生态建筑的多样化理论,提出西北民居的生态评价目标,即居住质量优先,提倡不同经济成本的方案组合,找到经济投入与建筑性能的最佳平衡点。以此评价目标出发,确立西北生态民居评价的方法,并对相关评价内容进行比对,进行技术信息分析,提出“居住质量”、“能源”、“材料资源”、“水资源”、“土地资源”、“废弃物”、“社会效应”等七条评价项目,在此基础上优化西北生态民居评价的指标体系及评价标准。基于西北地区的乡村建设实际情况,以及西北民居实现生态化目标的途径,结合层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)与德尔斐(Delphi)法,对指标权重进行基本排序,并针对乡村民居生态化建设的推广方式,明确西北生态民居评价方法。通过实例评价得出以下结论:(1)西北民居生态化建设的目标,应当追求性能与投入的最佳平衡点,即在保证居住质量的前提下,通过灵活的方案组合,实现经济投入与建筑性能的最佳平衡。(2)西北民居生态化建设的途径取决于社会成本,包括住户个人经济承受能力,以及社会资源与能源成本。西北生态民居评价内容,应当优先鼓励通过建筑设计手段,实现优良的建筑性能,并宜结合生产生活,就地处理环境负荷。(3)“生态建筑”在各种约束条件下有多种表达方式,西北生态民居评价标准的设立应取决于外部条件对乡村居住建筑的影响与约束。本文从建筑学专业角度出发,重点探讨西北乡村生态民居的评价内容,通过对示范项目进行评价,为西北乡村民居的生态化建设提出设计建议。期望对丰富民居研究理论,推进西北民居建设的良性发展,科学规范乡村民居化生态建设,起到积极的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 An objective and fair assessment system is one of the necessary development conditions of rural construction in the Northwest China. Taking the assessment system of ecological rural houses in the Northwest China as research object, the paper try to discuss the adaptability of building assessment system from the perspective of architecture.Based on the natural environment and social environment of the Northwest rural area in China, combined with the research of diversity of ecological building, the paper put forward the assessing aim. By this aim, the paper analysis the relevant information, by the way of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and Delphi, construct the evaluation index system and relevant indexes weight system, and according to the extension pattern of the ecological building assessment system of the rural area in the Northwest China, design the assessment method.Make such conclusions by assessing an ecological rural house demonstration project.The ecological construction aim of rural house in the Northwest China should be the equilibrium point of building performance and investment. The quality of habitation must be guaranteed first, and try to make the perfect balance of habitation quality and investment by ways of combining the conditions flexibly.The way of ecological development of ecological rural houses in the Northwest China depends on the social cost, such as affordability of the house owners, the cost of social resources and energy. The evaluation contents of ecological rural houses in the Northwest China should encourage achieving the habitation quality by ways of architecture design first, and combining with the conditions of life and work to deal with the environment loads.There are so many ways to express the ecological building by ways of architecture. The assessment criteria of assessment system of ecological rural houses in the Northwest China should depends on the exterior restrictive conditions of rural houses.更多还原