【作者】 邵腾伟；

【导师】 冉光和；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 论文是关于农户联合与合作经营转变农业发展方式研究。文章在理论和实践上借鉴国内外农业经营组织化成果,厘清农业发展方式转变与农户经营组织化嬗变的逻辑,运用合作经济理论和产业组织原理等现代经营管理理论,从农业产业化和农户组织化视角构建一种有效率的组织,探索基于转变农业发展方式的农户联合经营机制与合作经营模式,优化设计农户联合与合作经营的农业科技运用和产业路径选择。论文的主要内容、研究结论和政策建议如下:论文研究的主要内容有:①研究了农户联合与合作经营转变农业发展方式的逻辑。从理论分析和历史变迁两个维度揭示农业经营组织化程度与发展方式之间的逻辑关系,为加强农户联合与合作经营,加快农业发展方式转变,提供理论支撑和实证支持。②研究了农户联合机制与合作经营模式构建。在系统分析现行农业经营组织化模式利弊的基础上,将服务外包思想植入到农户联合与合作经营中,研究农户联合与合作经营的组织模式、专业分工、治理结构和利益联结问题,以科学引导农户联合与合作经营。③研究了农户联合与合作经营的农业科技运用。借助农户联合与合作经营平台,将体验传播引入到现代农业的科技运用之中,以提高农业经营的规模效益和现代化水平。④研究了农户联合与合作经营的产业路径选择。在遵循农业产业路径选择基本原则的基础上,以农业资源、生态环境、成本收益、劳动就业为基本约束条件,建立多目标、非线性、动态优化农业产业路径选择模型,为农户联合与合作经营搭建科学的产业发展平台。论文的研究结论表明:①农户通过横向联合发展规模化经营、纵向合作发展专业化生产和产业化经营。这种以家庭承包经营为基础的农户联合与合作经营,既能体现农业家庭经营的内在要求和独特优点,又能克服农户小规模分散经营的弊端,把农业家庭经营与专业化生产、社会化服务、规模化经营有机统一起来。②在农业发展、农村繁荣、农民增收的多目标约束下,农户联合与合作经营是有效组织我国农业家庭经营转变发展方式的现实选择。建国以来,尽管我国农业一直处于规模报酬递增阶段,但农业发展必须与农民增收和农村繁荣协同起来。在农村剩余劳动力尚未大规模转移之前,还必须避免农村出现大资本排挤小农户,避免农地大规模兼并导致大批农户丧失经营主体地位的现象。③将服务外包植入到农户联合与合作经营之中,可有效促进农户经营与合作经营的融合发展,提高农业经营的集约化水平和组织化程度,促进农业经营的专业化、规模化、社会化和产业化,加快农业发展方式转变。④将体验传播引入到农业科技运用之中可有效提高农户联合与合作经营的规模效益和现代化水平。农业科技运用通过农户联合与合作经营平台典型示范,既减少了的交易成本,又能让农户对采用新技术增加收入和降低成本有眼见为实的直观感受,心甘情愿学习、采用和反馈农业科技,使农户联合与合作经营得以持续有效地进行。⑤构建以农业资源、市场需求为基本约束的多目标、非线性、动态性产业路径选择模型可有效提高农户联合与合作经营的资源利用率、劳动产出率、投资回报率和生态循环率,吸引更多的资金、技术向农业集聚,使农户联合与合作经营沿着现代农业方向科学发展。论文的政策建议:①维护农户的正当经营权益,依法保障农户的土地承包权、自主经营权、平等教育权、公平就业权和社会保障权,解决农户联合与合作经营的后顾之忧。②通过教育培训和健康投入加大农民人力资本投资,普及农民的市场经济、农业科技和现代管理知识,增强农户的市场观念和风险意识,提高农户参与联合与合作经营的能力和水平。③加强农业社会化服务的资源整合,不断发展和完善我国农业的社会化服务体系,为农户联合与合作经营提供完备的配套服务。④规范农户联合与合作经营的利益联结机制,在生产、加工、销售之间进行合理的利益分配,让农户充分地享受到农产品加工和流通领域的利润。⑤充分发挥政府政策优势,利用好国家对“三农”的反哺政策,有效支持农户联合与合作经营沿着现代农业的方向科学发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis studies on the change of agricultural development ways by farmers’combining and cooperation.The thesis uses the results of domestic and abroad agribusiness organization in theory and practice, and makes clear the relations between agribusiness organization and evolution on agricultural development ways in logic, and uses co-operative theory and industry organizations principle from agricultural industrialization and agribusiness operation to build an effective organization to encourage farmers’combining and cooperation business,and explore the mechanism and model of farmers’combining and cooperation business, and design and optimize the agricultural science and technology application and the path of agricultural industrialization for farmers’combining and cooperation business . The main content , study results and the policy recommendations of the thesis as followed:The main content of the thesis as followed:①The thesis has studied the logic between agribusiness organization and evolution on agricultural development ways. The thesis has discoved the logic between agribusiness organization and evolution on agricultural development ways by the perspectives of theory theoretical analysis and history changes, which is a kind of theoretical and testament support to strengthen farmers’combining and cooperation business and to speed up the change of agricultural development ways.②The thesis has built the mechanism and model of farmers’combining and cooperation business. On the basis of pros and cons analysis of the present agribusiness organization, the thesis inplant the ideas of the business process outsourcing into farmers’combining and cooperation business to stdudy the the model of farmers’combining and cooperation, the professional labor division, the management structure, the interests’association and so on, in order to lead farmers’combining and cooperation business on a science road.③The thesis has studied the agricultural science and technology application in the condition of farmers’combining and cooperation business. On the platform of farmers’combining and cooperation business, the study inplant the agricultural science and technology application into farmers’combining and cooperation business, in order to improve agriculture efficiency in scale and the modernization level.④The thesis has studied the farmers’combining and cooperation business path of agricultural industrialization. On the basic principles of industrialized agricultural business and the constraints conditions of agricultural resources, the ecological environment, the farmers’income and employmen, the thesis built a multi-objective, nonlinear, dynamic optimization model to establish an agricultural industrialization platform for farmers’combining and cooperation business.The indication of the study results as followed:①Farmers can do agricultural business in a large scale by horizontal jointing each other, and can do specialized production and industrialized business by vertical cooperating, which can reflect the inherence request and the unique advantages of farms, agricultural business and can overcome the defects of the farms, scatter business in a small scale,and can unity the farms, business , specialized production , socialized service and business in a large scale.②Under the constraints of agricultural development, rural stability and the farmers’revenues stability ,it is a reality choics for the development of farmers in the union to contribute to run a small farmers and agricultural development. Although our country agriculture is always increasing in pay remuneration scale since the fouding of the people’s republic of China, agriculture business is not purely an economic problem and it must be linked with farmers’income and employmen and the country prosperous .When the rural surplus labor force have not yet transferred large-scale, China must avoid that the major capital keep the small farmers out of agricultural business.③Inplanting the ideas of the business process outsourcing into the farmers’combining and cooperation business can promote farms, business and cooperation business integrated effectively, and increase the level of intensive agriculture business and the degree of organization,which can speed up the agriculture business, specialized production, industrialized business, socialized service and the business scale to fasten the change of agricultural development ways.④Inplanting the experience broadcasting into the agricultural science and technology application in the condition of farmers’combining and cooperation business can improve agriculture efficiency in scale and the modernization level. Compared with traditional beuarocracy broadcasting, the networking and interactive means of experience broadcasting is more suitable for china’s agricultural science and technology application,which can make farmers’combining and cooperation business perform effectivly.⑤Building the multi-objective, nonlinear, dynamic optimization model under the constraints conditions of agricultural resources, the ecological environment, the farmers’income and employmen can improve the rate of resource utilization,the labours, outpout , the investment return, the ecological circulation and so on, which can assemble more fun and technology onto agricultural business and guarantee the farmers’combining and cooperation business going on the modern agriculture direction and scientific development road.The policy recommendations for farmers’combining and cooperation business as followed:①Safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers, and security farmers, rights of contracting land, independent business, equal education, fair employment, social security and so on to eliminate farmers’worries in the farmers’combining and cooperation business.②Investing in the human capital investment by education and health investment for farmers, popular the knowledge of market economic, agricultural science and technology and modern management to strengthen farmers’sense of responsibility to market and the consciousness of risk in order to increase farmers’ability and skill on combining and cooperation business.③Strengthen the resources integration of the agricultural socialized service and improve our country agriculture socialized service system in order to supply complete related service for farmers’combining and cooperation business.④Specification the governance structure and interests association in the farmers’combining and cooperation business and make the benefit distribution in links of production, processing and Saling reasonable to ensure farmers can share profits of agricultural industrialization fairly.⑤Play the government policy advantage fully and make good use the state policy of industrial and municipal breastfeeding to "tam nong" to help the farmers’combining and cooperation business going on the modern agriculture direction and scientific development road effectively.更多还原