【作者】 赖文奇；

【导师】 许家林；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 采矿工程， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 建筑物下压煤开采问题一直是困扰我国煤矿企业的重要课题,作为煤矿“绿色开采技术”体系中的重要技术措施之一的条带开采方法能有效地解决建筑物下压煤问题。长期以来,条带开采沉陷预计主要通过数值模拟法或概率积分法预计得出,预计结果有时与实际情况存在严重偏差,从而导致煤炭采出率过低或地表建筑物的破坏等级超出规定标准。因此,针对提高建筑物下条带开采沉陷预计准确性的研究具有重要意义,论文就建筑物下条带开采沉陷实测纠偏原理和方法进行了研究。论文提出一套建筑物下条带开采沉陷实测纠偏方法,即利用采区内已采前两个或多个条带工作面的实测沉陷数据通过特定的平移叠加方式对尚未开采的后续若干条带工作面进行沉陷预计。当基于实测的预计结果表明目标建筑物的受损程度将超出规范所允许的等级时,相关人员能及时调整工作面与煤柱的参数,达到及时纠偏的目的,从而确保地面建筑物免受开采沉陷损害影响并提高采出率。论文采用离散元数值模拟软件对建筑物下条带开采沉陷实测纠偏方法进行研究。研究结果表明,地表沉陷模拟结果与利用平移叠加预计方式所得结果非常吻合;作为条带开采沉陷主导因素的覆岩垂直应力场也符合平移叠加特性,从应力场的角度证明了条带开采沉陷实测纠偏方法具有较高可靠性。利用数值模拟手段对采出率、采宽或留宽、煤层倾角和采深等影响因素进行研究,结果表明,近水平和缓倾斜煤层、采出率≤50%且采宽<75m条件下,条带开采沉陷实测纠偏方法均具有较高可靠性。基于上述研究成果,编制出一套界面友好、操作简便的“建筑物下条带开采沉陷预计实测纠偏软件”。利用前岭煤矿条带开采沉陷实测数据,对建筑物下条带开采沉陷实测纠偏方法进行验证,结果表明此方法具有较高的可靠性,并用其指导了临涣煤矿村庄下条带开采的生产实践。该论文有图186幅,表27个,参考文献107篇,其中英文文献20篇。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mining under buildings is one of the vital issues for Chinese coal mines. As a component of“Green Mining”system, strip-partial mining technology can solve such issue efficiently. Till now partial mining subsidence is mainly predicted by simulation method or probability integral method, however there could be serious warp between the prediction result and the survey data at times, and which will result in the low extraction ratio or the serious damage to surface buildings. Therefore the study on increasing veracity of partial mining subsidence prediction is of importance. The Rectification Method of Partial Mining Subsidence Under Buildings is studied in this dissertation.The Rectification Method of Partial Mining Subsidence (RMPMS) means based on the survey data seperately of the first two or several extracted faces the further faces induced subsidence can be predicted by shifting and superadding calculation. When calculation results indicates the damage to the buildings will beyond the acceptable class, the relative engineers can modify the width of face and pillar to ensure the safety of the buildings and increase the extraction ratio. Discrete Element Method numerical simulation software is adopted to study the RMPMS. The research result has proved that numerical simulation data is almost same as the data which are calculated by shifting and superadding way. Vertical stress, as one of the main factors inducing surface subsidence, also can be calculated by shifting and superadding way, therefore it is proved that the RMPMS is quite reliable. The effects of extraction ratio, face width or pillar width, seam angle and seam depth to the application of RMPMS are simulated and analysed, and the result shows that for the flat seam and the seam which angle no more than 25°, as extraction ratio no more than 50% and face width less than 75m, the RMPMS can be used universally.Based on the study result above, a RMPMS software is programmed. The reliablity of RMPMS is validated by applying the partial mining survey data from Qianling coal mine, and the outcome is very positive. Meanwhile the partial mining project was instructed by using RMPMS.This paper contains 186 figures, 27 tables, 107 references, 20 of which are in English.更多还原