【作者】 吕凯；

【导师】 王树恩；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 环境污染作为举世瞩目并亟待解决的问题,它关系到人类当前的生存和未来的发展。据统计,企业生产过程中所排放的污染物占各种污染物排放总量的50%以上,是导致全球环境污染的最主要的原因。要解决环境污染的问题,首先要对企业生产过程中污染物的排放进行控制。但是,在传统的市场经济条件下企业缺乏自行控制污染物排放的内在主动性。因此,企业的环保行为需要外部因素的影响和制约才能得以形成与保持。通过对影响企业环保行为的外部因素的研究,进而提出有效发挥外部因素作用的建议,对于促使企业减少污染物的排放,保护环境,促进人类社会的可持续发展具有重要意义。本文主要研究了以下一些问题:一、分析了研究的背景和意义,综述了国内外的研究现状,介绍了论文的研究方法和思路及其主要内容和创新点。二、分析了当前环境问题的外部因素主要是环境的负外部性、环境产权的公共物品属性和在环境管理上政府管制的失灵,阐述了当代可持续发展理论的基本含义及其主要内容。三、从环境经济学的角度分析了在完全竞争市场和不完全竞争市场条件下排污收费制度的理论根据及其所存在问题。四、用制度经济学的理论分析了环境的公共物品属性对污染防治的阻碍,指出了可交易排污许可制度在排污权分配和交易中存在的问题。五、对政府环境管理和企业在不同外部条件下的环境行为进行了博弈分析,并提出了我国在环境立法和执法中存在的问题。六、分析了社会公众参与对企业环保行为的促进作用及其作用机制和所存在的问题。七、根据影响企业环保行为的外部因素的分析建立了外部因素对企业环保行为影响的评价指标体系,并采用ANP-GRAP集成评价方法,对不同地区影响企业环保行为的外部因素发挥作用水平进行了实证分析。八、根据上述影响企业环保行为外部因素的研究,对完善排污收费制度、可交易排污许可制度、政府管制的立法和执法以及社会公众参与制度等提出了具体的建议。九、对全文进行了总结,提出了有待继续研究的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a widely concerned problem, environment pollution has great impact on people’s lives and future development and demands prompt solutions. According to some statistics, pollutants that are discharged during manufacturing processes take up 50% of gross contamination emission and become the main cause of global environment pollution. In order to solve environment pollution, the first step is to control manufacturing pollutant emission. However, companies in traditional market economy lack internal initiatives to control pollutant emission. Consequently, external factors play a key role in helping companies initiate and keep eco-friendly behaviors. By studying external factors that affect companies’eco-friendly behaviors, this dissertation proposes some suggestions on how to make fully use of these external factors so as to reduce pollutant emission, and contributes a lot to environment protection as well as the sustainable development of human society.The dissertation carries out its research mainly from the following perspectives. First, it introduces the research background, significance, current research status at home and broad, research methodology, the main content and innovative points. Second, it points out that the external factors of environment problem includes negative exterior factors, public belonging property and malfunction of government regulation on environment. Besides, it explains the basic meanings and main content of contemporary sustainable development theory. Third, it analyzes the theoretical foundation of pollution charge system and its problems in both perfect competitive market and imperfect competitive market from the perspective of environmental economics. Fourth, it uses institutional environment theories to demonstrate the obstruction public belonging property causes to environmental protection. The problems tradable emission allowances have in emission right distribution and trade are also discussed. Fifth, game analysis is conducted on government’s environment regulation and companies’environment behavior under different external circumstances. And problems in environmental legislation and enforcement are pointed out. Sixth, it is concerned about the positive effect public involvement has on companies’eco-friendly behaviors, about how it works and relevant problems. Seventh, based on the analysis of external factors that affect companies’eco-friendly behaviors, the paper establishes an evaluation system, adopting integrated ANP-GRAP to perform empirical analyses on the effectiveness of external factors in different areas. Eighth, in accordance with above studies on how external factors affect companies’eco-friendly behaviors, the paper puts forward some practical suggestions that help to improve pollution charge system, tradable emission allowances, government’s environment legislation and regulation, and public involvement. Finally, it gives a summary of the whole dissertation and proposes issues that need further study.更多还原