【作者】 汪峰；

【导师】 黄天其；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 三十年的改革开放,使我国的经济社会发生了翻天覆地的巨大变化。在经济大开发的同时,城乡人居环境建设也得到了前所未有的发展。但这一时期也呈现出自然环境不断恶化、历史文化遗存遭到破坏和城乡地域文化特征丧失的问题。长江中游地区(指长江从宜昌至九江的流域范围)是我国国土自然生态环境条件优越、同时自然生态还未严重退化的区域,经济社会发展水平也处于中游,极具发展潜力,其历史文化遗产是万里长江流域中的精华。但展现在我们面前的长江中游人居景观已开始呈现出环境承载力不堪重荷的迹象,需要加强规划控制和引导。在我国面积最大、经济和自然生态地位最重要的长江流域,根据发展的态势和生态环境特征分为三大段:上游、中游和下游。作者从本人的出生地和多年规划工作所在地形成的关注中心出发,鉴于上游(大西南)和下游(长三角)地域人居环境已有众多学者从事富有成果的研究,从本专业的角度选择,本文研究长江中游的人居景观问题。近两百年洪灾出现的频度和危害性迅速增长和加大,表明了长江中游城乡生态系统失衡逐渐加快。与此同时,从文化生态学的角度考察,长江中游人居景观丰富的地域历史文化如何传承和演进,在现代化和城市化进程中如何保持自身的特色,也是规划建设实践中一项迫切的课题。论文通过对长江中游的历史和当(现)代人居景观的分析研究,从两湖平原(江汉平原、洞庭湖平原)和鄱阳湖平原地域人居景观的产生、形成和发展中,总结长江中游人居景观的文化特征。并结合长江中游特定的自然地理条件和社会人文条件,分析长江中游人居景观形成的原因。梳理人居景观源流,研究长江中游城乡景观形态与文化景观特征,建立和谐的人与自然、人与社会的关系,探索人居景观的保护和科学发展的新路径。论文主要分为七部分:第一部分为导论部分,对“长江中游人居景观研究”这一课题研究对象的时空范围进行限定,简要介绍了文化景观的内涵与外延及其分类,对人居景观的概念进行了界定,明确提出了本课题研究目的意义、方法和内容。并根据该课题的研究现状和存在的不足,提出了课题的创新点和研究框架,认为历史景观和当代景观的关系应是辨证统一的,是延续的和可持续发展的关系,最后走向多姿多彩而又和谐统一的人居景观结构。第二部分,从纵向梳理了长江中游人居景观的历史演进过程及面临的问题。阐述了自然地理背景是人居景观形成的基础,地域文化背景是人居景观形成的重要原因。第三部分,横向论述了长江中游人居景观自然及经济文化背景、文化区系特征,对保护发展现状进行剖析。即从文化的深层结构来考察其人居景观的特征,充分挖掘其价值内涵。第四部分,对长江中游人居景观体系进行架构和整合研究。对长江中游城市群及各主要沿江城市人居景观,分别进行实证研究。第五部分,对长江中游人居景观文化生态保护和旅游开发进行研究。提出了长江中游人居景观文化解码与整合途径,生态保护和旅游开发路径。第六部分,对长江中游和谐人居景观体系进行研究。提出了长江中游人居景观可持续发展之路的规划理念与方法以及创造人居景观地域特色的途径。第七部分,论文结论:构建和谐的人居景观——和谐社会的实体空间显现。更多还原

【Abstract】 Over the past decades, under the reform and opening policies, China’s economy has undergone enormous tremendous development. Meanwhile, the environment of urban and rural settlement has been an unprecedented change. But it is also leading to the continuous deterioration of the natural environment, the damages of historical and cultural monuments, and the issues of loss of cultural identity in both urban and rural regions.The watershed of middle reach of Yangtze River, from Yichang to Jiujiang, is a region with favorable condition of natural environment and without serious ecological degradation. It is a moderately developed region, which has great development potentialities. In this region, however, there is certain indication that the environment carrying capacity is limited. Thus, it is badly in need of planning control and guidance in the region.According to the development trends and ecosystem characteristics, the watershed of middle reach of Yangtze River, the largest area and most important position in economy and ecology in our country, can be divided into three sections. Since the upper reach and lower reach of the river have been studied by a number of scholars and got rich research achievements, author more concerns about middle reach of the river based on the professional planning practice experiences in that region for many years. In the history of the last two hundred years, the frequency of flooding and damage potentials keep rapid increasing, this indicates that the ecosystem of middle reach of the river is becoming imbalance recently. Meanwhile, form cultural ecology point of view, we should understand that how to inherit the plentiful local historic heritage and how to learn culture evolution. In the process of modernization and urbanization, it is critical to maintain the character of a place, and all the developments must be designed to accommodate the preservation of that uniqueness.Through history review and the analysis of the contemporary landscape of human settlements, the dissertation starts form the case studies on the emergence, formation and development of landscape of human settlements in Lianghu flatlands and Poyanghu flatlands, and then summaries the characteristics of landscape of human settlement in the middle reach of Yangtze River, which explores an integrated approach for human beings, nature and society, and find the new way to respond not only for the protection of landscape of human settlement and also for the development in scientific approach.The dissertation consists of seven parts:Section one is an introduction to the study subject --“settlement landscape in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River”. This part defines the spatial and temporal scales of the study object. It not only gives the definition of settlement landscape, but also briefly introduces the intention,extension and classification of cultural landscape. In accordance with present situation and existing defects, the innovation points and research framework will be addressed. The relationship between historic and contemporary should be dialectical unity and sustainability, and it eventually reaches variety and harmony unity in the structure of settlement landscape.In section two, the analysis has been done on the aspects of the evolution process and contemporary problem for settlement landscape in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The statement is that the natural geography background is the basis factor for shaping the settlement landscape, and local culture background is the key factor for the formation of settlement landscape.Section three discusses the natural and economic culture background and the cultural characteristics of settlement landscape in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. To explore the cultural value intension, there have been some significant attempts to analysis from in-depth examination of culture intrinsic composition.Section four is the study on the settlement landscape system in the integration way in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. There are separate case studies on the cluster of cities and major cities along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.Section five deals with ecological protection and tourism development of settlement landscape in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Basis on culture decoding and composing of settlement landscape, this study is intended to develop an integrate way for ecological protection, tourism development are also involved.Section six focuses on the system of harmonious settlement landscape in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It generally explores the sustainable way of the settlement landscape in theory and method of planning and finds the way to identify regional characteristics in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.In section seven, it is concluded that harmonious settlement landscape represents of entity space in harmonious society.更多还原