【作者】 郭正怀；

【导师】 王继平；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 本文从传统审判制度的特征入手,分析了在清末传统社会结构近代转型和西方列强入侵及其法治文化渗透内、外两种背景下,中国传统审判制度产生变革的历史必然性；通过对民国不同时期的审判制度的模式选择和审判制度的建构、实践的实证分析,揭示了法文化在法律制度,特别是审判制度引进、移植和本土化过程的影响力；深入分析了民国时期审判机关的建立、审判原则的确立、审判人员的组成、审判方式的变革以及新型审检关系的建立、律师制度的创设等问题,深化了对审判权本质、审判权运行的规律以及民国时期审判制度变革的内在原因的认识,并提出了民国时期审判制度的发展对于现阶段审判制度的现代化的借鉴作用。论文中总共分为六个部分。第一部分“绪论”,对论文选题动因和研究意义、以往主要研究成果、研究视角与研究方法、研究的主要内容和预期贡献等几个部分作了简单交代。第二部分“清末审判制度变革及其对民国时期审判制度的影响”,介绍了中国传统审判制度的特点及其缺陷、清末审判制度变革、清末审判制度变革对民国时期审判制度的影响等方面内容,主要是立足于阐述民国时期审判制度变革的历史背景、渊源。第三部分“民国时期审判机关及法官制度的建立和发展”,主要分析民国时期审判机关设立的规范化、法官制度的变迁及法官职业化。第四部分“民国时期审判原则及审判制度的建立和发展”,主要分析民国时期法院审判原则的演变及审判方式的变革,行政审判制度、民事审判制度、刑事审判制度、军事审判制度的设计和司法实践。第五部分“控辩制度的发展对民国时期审判制度的影响”,主要探讨新型审检关系的建立、律师制度的建立及职业化、新型控辩关系对民国时期审判制度的影响。第六部分“民国时期审判制度近代化的进程、特征及启示”,在分析民国时期审判制度从传统审判制度向近代审判制度转型发展中出现的特点和缺陷单基础上,探索了民国时期审判制度发展对现代中国审判制度发展的启示与借鉴。文章最后部分是结语,总结性地叙述了民国审判制度的变革轨迹对于当代中国司法建设的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Starting with the characteristics of the traditional judicatory, this paper analyzes the modern transformation of traditional social structure in the late QIng Dynasty, as well as the influences of the invasion and infiltration of the Western powers. Under such circumastances, reform of traditional judicial system in China is becoming a historical necessity. The influence of the legal system, especially the introduction of judicial system, the process of migration and localization is studied, based on the empirical analysis of mode selection of the Republic and the establishment, practice and reversals of judicial system in different periods. Through in-depth analysis of the establishment of judicial institution of the Republic, the principle of trial, the composition of judges, the reform of the trial, and the new audit relationships, and the creation of the lawyer system, it deepens the nature of jurisdiction, the running laws of the jurisdiction. Proper evaluation of the judicial system of the Republic and the development of trial activities can contribute to the modernization of China’s legal system. In the conclusion, the reason and significance of choosing the topic, past major research findings, perspective and methods of research, main points of the research and its due contribution are reviewed.Chapter one Social-historical background and mode selection of judicial system of the Republic focuses on the characteristics of the traditional judicatory and its imperfection, reform of traditional judicial system in the late QIng, and the influences of the reform on judicial system, which mainly dwells on the historical background and its sources of the development of judicial system in the period of the Republic of ChinaChapter two The Modernization of judicial organ of the republic mainly analyzes the standardization of judicial organ of the Republic of China, specialization of administrative adjudication, independence of civil trial, and the design of the system in criminal proceedings and judicial practice in the period of the Republic of China.Chapter three Judge System and the Development of the Principle of the Court Trial of the Republic introduces major changes in the judge system and professionalization of judges, evolution of court trial principles and reform of the trial.Chapter four The Impact of the Development of Prosecution and the Defense System on the Judicial System explores the influence of establishment of new Censorship relationship, as well as of lawyer system and its professionalism, and the new relations between prosecution and the defense on the judicial systemChapter five Characteristics of the Modern Transformation of the Judicial System of the Republic and its Contemporary Value analyzes characteristics of The Modern Transformation of the judicial system of the Republic and the modern value of the development in modern justice system On the one hand, it probes into the traits and drawback of the trial system of the Republic from the traditional trial system to modern Western trial system in the development of transformation, and elaborates the impact of the social background on the transplanting of Western laws and learning. On the other hand, it states the development status of the judicial system in modern China, the inspiration and reference of the judicial system in the Republic of China for the development of china’s trial system, and the tendency and approach of trial system in modern China. This paper is mainly about the establishment of trial system with Chinese characteristics, which actually is also the reform of the judicial system. As to the enlightenment of judicial system reform in the Republic of China on the current judicial system reform, the author took the opportunity to propose some ideas about the development trend and the path of Modern Chinese justice system in such a harmonious society.更多还原