【作者】 宣恒大；

【导师】 张国宪；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 从1924年至今八十多年的研究中,汉语语法学界对隐现句这一传统课题展开了较为深入的研究,也取得了相当大的成果,但仍有部分问题始终未能得到圆满解决。本文在前人研究的基础上,对现代汉语隐现句做了全面深入的考察分析。全文分八章：第一章绪论,介绍本文的选题来源和研究价值、研究的方法和原则,语料来源和文章结构安排。第二章现代汉语隐现句研究综述,以时间为线索,全面梳理从《新著国语文法》至今的汉语隐现句研究的脉络,对各个时期隐现句研究的特点和成果作总体介绍,并扼要指出了研究中存在的问题。第三章隐现句的范围和分类,主要介绍隐现句的界定,重点讨论隐现句与领属句的关系,并从不同角度对隐现句进行分类。第四章隐现句的认知构式分析,主要讨论两个问题：一是从认知的角度对现代汉语隐现句的语序作出分析。现代汉语隐现句有着特殊的语序,而这一特殊语序的形成是“参照物”先于“目的物”原则、语言的交际功能原则和信息结构原则互动的结果。二是隐现句的构式分析。从构式语法出发,把现代汉语隐现句看成是一个构式,探讨其句式义、句式的原型特征及其句式的引申机制,并揭示隐现句各部分对整体隐现意义形成的贡献以及与整体意义的互动和谐关系。第五章隐现句的语篇分析,主要考察隐现句在不同的语体、文体中的分布及特点,不同类型的隐现句在各种语体中的运用和隐现句在语篇中的衔接连贯功能。考察结果显示：隐现句出现在口语语体中的要多于书面语体中的,出现在文艺语体中的要多于非文艺语体中的,且文艺语体中的隐现句在句子形式与表述功能方面也有着独特的特点。隐现句在语篇中充当始发句的很少,在语篇的衔接连贯中发挥着重要的作用。第六章隐现句的历时分析,考察隐现句从上古到中古再到近代的历时发展过程,指出隐现句在发展中的两大特点：语义内容的复杂化和结构形式的精密化,并揭示了隐现句语篇功能的发展。第七章隐现句的类型学分析,通过汉语隐现句和英语、日语等其他语言隐现句的比较,一方面分析它们之间形式上的差异性,更为主要的是揭示了隐藏在其背后的众多的共性。并通过出现句和消失句使用频率的不对称现象的分析,充分揭示了汉语隐现句在语言类型学研究中的意义。第八章结语,总结全文的主要内容和基本观点。本文立足语言事实,对现代汉语隐现句进行了全面的考察分析。在传统语法和结构主义语言学研究的基础上,借鉴功能语言学、篇章语言学、语言类型学等新理念新方法,对现代汉语隐现句的范围、语序、篇章功能、历时演变诸方面进行了深入的探讨,对汉语隐现句中若干尚未解决的问题,诸如隐现句的界定、隐现句中出现句和消失句的使用频率不对称等问题提出了一些较为合理的解释。本文充分揭示了现代汉语隐现句的特点,有利于确立隐现句在现代汉语特殊句式中的地位。研究中,贯彻形式和意义相结合的原则,从构式语法出发,将隐现句看成是一个构式,在整体的背景下考察和探究构式构成的各部分对整体意义形成的贡献以及与整体意义的互动和谐,在理论方法上对现代汉语特殊句式的研究有一定的意义。本文的有关结论,不仅对现代汉语和汉语语法学史,同时对于语言类型学的研究,都有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 1924, Chinese Grammar Schools have been studying fugitive sentence. They have also made considerable achievements, but part of the problem has still not been satisfactorily resolved. Based on the previous research on modern Chinese fugitive sentence, the dissertation studies it systematically and comprehensively. It has eight chapters.Chapter One introduces the sources of the topic, the value of the study, the study methods and principles, the linguistic data source and the structure of the dissertation.Chapter Two reviews the study on Modern Chinese Fugitive Sentence. This part chiefly introduces their characteristics and outcomes of each period, and briefly points out the problems in the study.Chapter Three mainly introduces the definition of Fugitive Sentence, studies the relationship between this sentence and the possessive sentence and classifies this sentence from different angles.Chapter Four mainly studies two issues:First, analyzing the word order of Modern Chinese Fugitive sentence. In Modern Chinese, Fugitive sentence has a special word order. The formation of this particular word order is the result which the principal of the "reference" being infront of the "objects", the principle of communicative dynamism and the principles of the information structure interact. Second, analyzing this construction. Starting from the construction grammar, the dissertation looks upon modern Chinese Fugitive sentence as a constructions, explores the meaning of the sentence, the prototype features of the sentence and its extended mechanism, and reveals the contribution of the various parts which the meaning of overall construction is formed and the interactive harmony in them.Chapter Five mainly explores fugitive sentence distribution in a different style、genre and its coherence in text. Investigation showed that: fugitive sentence in spoken language is more than it in written language. It appeared in literary style more than in the non-literary style. In literary style, the form and presentation function of fugitive sentence have unique characteristics. Fugitive sentence plays an important role in textual cohesion. Chapter Six studies the development of fugitive sentence from the ancient to the medieval period to modern time. This part surfaced the features in its development: Semantic content complication and its structure form precision, and reveals the development of its textual cohesion function.Chapter Seven analyzes their formal difference of fugitive sentence, by comparing Chinese, English, Japanese and other languages, and reveals a large number of commonness hidden behind the sentence form. The other hand, by analyzing the asymmetry in use frequency between appear sentence and the disappear sentence, fully reveals the significance of Chinese fugitive sentence in studying linguistic typology.Chapter Eight summarizes the main contents and the basic viewpoint of this dissertation.Based on the language fact, the dissertation studies Modern Chinese fugitive sentence comprehensively. On the basis of the traditional grammar and the structural linguistics, referring to the new theories and methods such as functional linguistics, text linguistics, language typology, the dissertation discusses deeply many problems to Modern Chinese fugitive sentence, including its scope, its word order, its textual function and its evolution. The dissertation also puts forward some reasonable explanation on those problems which have not been resolved, such as the definition of fugitive sentence, the asymmetry in use frequency between appear sentence and the disappear sentence etc.This dissertation fully reveals the characteristics of Modern Chinese fugitive sentence, in favor to establish its position in Modern Chinese special sentence type. In studying, combining the sentence form and meaning, starting from the construction grammar, the author look fugitive sentence as a construction. This method has certain significance to studying Modern Chinese special sentence type. In this dissertation, the relevant conclusions have certain referential value not only for the study Modem Chinese and Chinese grammar history, but also for the study language typology.更多还原