【作者】 段建斌；

【导师】 祝黄河；

【作者基本信息】 江西师范大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 思想政治教育是一门科学,作为一种以思想观念、政治意识和道德文化传承与改造为主要内容的教育实践活动,是建构在“人的生存需要”基础之上的,其出发点和落脚点都是现实的人,人的问题是思想政治教育最内在、最本质的问题。众所周知,任何类型的教育都有自己的理论渊源和存在根基,思想政治教育得以产生、存在和发展也必定有属于自身的凭依。进入新世纪,社会出现多元价值观并存和多样思想文化相互激荡的局面,人们思想活动的独立性、选择性、多变性和差异性进一步增强,这些新问题给思想政治教育的持续发展提出了新的挑战。思想政治教育本体维度的适时提出,是有关思想政治教育存在根基问题的哲学研究,或者可以说是思想政治教育的“元问题”研究。它意图以哲学本体论的思维方法来探究思想政治教育的本原性、始基性问题,即解答思想政治教育“何以存在”,从而揭明“人的存在与发展”是思想政治教育的本体之维,是其存在的现实根基。思想政治教育回应现实问题的乏力,根本原因在于我们对思想政治教育“何以存在、存在为何”的这个基本逻辑前提缺乏一种哲学本体论上的反思与诘问精神。马克思主义人学理论的兴起与介入以及人学范式的置换为现代思想政治教育研究拓展了视野,本论题认为,惟有从“人的存在与发展”这一本体论的角度,从“思想政治教育的存在与人的生存”之间的内在关联入手,才能理解思想政治教育存在根基问题的真正内涵。这种关涉思想政治教育本原性、始基性的本体设置不是一种主观的价值预设和无意义的形上思辨,而在于它事实代表着一种价值观念、思维范式和方法论取向上的根本转换。为此,本文以马克思主义哲学、唯物史观为指导,围绕人的生存特性、思想政治教育的生发之始、本质之旨及其价值之源来具体论证“人的存在与发展”作为思想政治教育本体维度的合理性和必要性。认为,思想政治教育得以产生是基于人的存在与发展的客观所需,是人的存在特性(人的社会性、政治性和精神性、超越性)催生了思想政治教育这一特殊教育形式;思想政治教育本质问题是有关人的问题,其本质核心应是满足和促进人的存在与发展;思想政治教育价值的生成基础是始自于人的存在与发展的现实客观需求,人是思想政治教育的价值主体。思想政治教育本体维度的提出及其确证无疑是深化追问思想政治教育得以存在之根的一种理论必然,它使我们深刻认识到思想政治教育“何以存在”这一有关其本质和根源性的问题。检视和反思传统思想政治教育模式,“人的缺失”是其最大不足之处,为此,本论题的主旨在于指出思想政治教育有得以产生和存在的“根”,“人的存在与发展”就是其根“本”。思想政治教育只有“返本、固本”了才能“开源”,继而才能创新、持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ideological and Political Education is a science, inherits and reforms ideology and political idea and moral culture, which are served as primary content of education practice, constructed on the basement of“Human’s needs”, which Starting point and terminal point are all real person, human’s problem is the inner and most essential problem of Ideological and Political Education. It is well known that whatever type of education has its own theoretical source and existential foundation, the birth and existence and development of Ideological and Political Education which must has his own attachment too. In the new century, society turns up the situation of coexistence of polynary value and multiple thinking culture mutual impact, the independence, selective and variability and difference of the human’s thinking are being further stronger, these new problems bring the new challenge to Ideological and Political Education sustainable development. The noumenon dimension of Ideological and Political Education is timely put forward, which is about philosophical study the existence foundation problem of Ideological and Political Education, or is about the study of the metaproblem of Ideological and Political Education. It wants to take the thinking way of the philosophical ontology to explore the originar and basic problems of Ideological and Political Education, is to solve Ideological and Political Education“depends on what to be existent”, thus indicate that“Human’s Existence and Development”is the noumenon dimension of Ideological and Political Education, is its real foundation of existence.Ideological and Political education responds to practical problems which is no enough effective, its fundamental reason is, that we lack a kind of philosophical ontology reflection and heckle spirit about the basic logical premise of Ideological and Political Education“depends on what to be existent and for what its existence is”. With Marxist theory of human is springing up and stepping in, and the paradigm of the theory human transformation, which expand the study vision for morden Ideological and Political education, we think, emphasize only from the noumenon dimension of“Human’s Existence and Development”, from“the existence of Ideological and Political Education and Human’s living”which interse underlying associated, can just understand the real meaning of the problem of existence foundation of Ideological and Political education. This kind of noumenon setting which concern the originar and basic problems of Ideological and Political Education, isn’t a kind of subjective value presupposition and meaningless metaphysical ponder, but it represents a kind of the fundamental change about value concept, thought paradigm and methodology orientation. Therefore, this thesis takes Marxist philosophy and Materialist historical view as guidance, revolves human’s living features and beginning of birth and development, objective of essence, source of value of Ideological and Political Education to argument Specifically the rationality and necessity about“Human’s existence and development”as the noumenon dimension of Ideological and Political Education. It thinks that the birth of Ideological and Political Education is based on human’s existence and development objective need, it is human’s existence features (sociality, political nature and spirituality, transcendency) that bring this special education form of Ideological and Political Education to birth; the essence problem of Ideological and Political education is the human’s problem, the core problem of its essence is to meet and promote human’s existence and development; the value foundation of Ideological and Political Education originates from the objective demand of human’s existence and development, the human is the value subject of Ideological and Political Education.The noumenon dimension of Ideological and Political Education is put forward and corroborated which is undoubtedly a kind of theoretical necessity, benefited from deepen question the existence foundation of Ideological and Political Education, it make us fully understand the essential and original problem of Ideological and Political Education“depends on what to be existent”. Through reviewing and reflecting the traditional model of Ideological and Political Education, we find that“human’s absence”is the greatest deficiency, therefore, the main objective of this thesis is to point out the birth and development“root”of Ideological and Political Education,“human’s existence and development”is just its root“foundation”. Ideological and Political Education only“return and reinforce root”and then“open source”, can it innovate and sustainably develop.更多还原