【作者】 伍曾；

【导师】 刘学毅；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本文针对传统轮轨动力学研究中存在轨道结构参数众多、难以对车辆-轨道系统动力学性能进行评价的问题,提出了将能量法应用于车辆-轨道系统振动研究中,建立了相应的分析方法并进行了理论分析及部分试验研究。论文主要研究内容如下：(1)初步建立了能量法在车辆-轨道系统振动研究中的基本理论与方法在现有能量方法的基础上,应用最小势能原理建立系统的振动方程,并组建振动方程的质量、刚度、阻尼矩阵和荷载列阵,用数值积分法求解振动方程,将3种无砟轨道(CRTSⅠ型双块式、CRTSⅠ型板式、CRTSⅡ型板式)各部分的振动位移、加速度和扣件动静刚度比的理论计算结果与现场测试值进行对比,在一定程度上证明了势能驻值原理组建车辆-轨道系统振动方程的正确性及可行性。(2)用能量法求解振动方程用Newton法构造系统的应变势能、动能插值函数,再用构造出的应变势能、动能求解振动方程。将能量法求解方法与数值积分法进行比较,指出能量法求解振动方程的优劣,并编制出了能量法求解车辆-轨道系统振动方程的计算程序。(3)建立了评价车辆-轨道系统动力学性能的能量判据基于统计能量原理,定义了两个能量判据参数,即轨道能量变化比和轨道相对能量变化比,提出了采用能量判据参数进行动力学性能评价的方法和步骤,并对不同轨道刚度组合下车辆-轨道系统动力学性能进行了评价分析。(4)将能量判据应用于铁路轨道选型中,评价了各种无砟轨道在不同速度区间的适用情况提出了应用能量判据对无砟轨道进行选型的方法和步骤,评价出了4种无砟轨道(CRTSⅠ型双块式、CRTSⅠ型板式、CRTSⅡ型板式、弹性支承块式)在不同速度区间的适用情况,并给出了各种无砟轨道能量判据参数所对应的允许极值。(5)计算出车辆-轨道系统各部分动力响应变化的规律及其与能量的关系计算分析车辆-轨道系统各部分的振动位移、速度、加速度和轨道动静刚度比随车速的变化规律,找出了系统各部分动力响应与能量变化间的关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy method, that was applying the energy principle for dynamic analysis and application in the vehicle-track systems. Too many parameters were existed in the traditional wheel-rail dynamics so it was difficult to evaluate for dynamics of vehicle-track systems. In the paper, the energy method was applied to vehicle-track system vibration study, the corresponding analysis method was established, the theoretical analysis and some experimental were also studied. The main elements of this theory are as follows:(1) Structured the basic framework of energy method using in vehicles-track systemVehicles-track system was divided into different parts by partitions energy principle, and vehicles-track system components and total system vertical vibration differential equations were structured by principle of minimum potential energy, then the strain potential energy、load potential energy total potential energy functions were also structured by applying Newton interpolation, so the vertical vibration differential equations of vehicles-track system were able to be solved, finally, the results solved by energy method were compared with experimental results to demonstrate the energy method within the permissible error in the correctness.(2) Vibration equation of vehicles-track system were soluted by using the energy methodThe strain potential energy, kinetic energy were put as the known conditions for solving the vibration equation of vehicles-track system, the energy method were compared with the numerical integration method, the correctness and feasibility of the energy law were proved to some extent, and the calculation program of vibration equation of vehicles-track system were programmed out. Strain potential energy, kinetic energy were constructed by Newton method for solving vibration equation.(3) Energy criterion of dynamics of vehicle-track system were establishedTwo energy criterion parameters:ratio and relative ratio of changes in track energy were defined from principles of statistical energy. Methods and procedures of evaluating accurately dynamic performance track by energy criterion were proposed. Smaller value of ratio and relative ratio of changes in track energy, better dynamic performance track. On the contrary, greater value of ratio and relative ratio of changes in track energy worse dynamic performance track. When one of value of ratio and relative ratio of changes in track energy was equal, comparing the size of another value, another value was smaller, then dynamic performance track was better.(4) Use energy criterion in selecting the type of trackMethods and procedures of selecting the 4 types of track at different speeds by using energy criterion were proposed.4 Ballastless types of application at different speeds were accurately evaluated by two energy criterion parameter:ratio and relative ratio of changes in track energy. And allowable value of parameters of the 4 types of track proposed.(5) Explain the variation of dynamic response of vehicle-track system by energyThe displacement, velocity, acceleration and the ratio of static and dynamic track stiffness of various parts of vehicle-track system were solved by energy, the variation with speed were analyzed, and the relationship between dynamic response of the various parts of the system and energy change were also given out.更多还原