【作者】 曹文献；

【导师】 文先明；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 当前,我国正处于发展的重要机遇期,同时也是各种矛盾的突发期。近年来,在为了推动经济和社会稳定向前发展、有效应对老龄化趋势加快步伐的客观背景下,加快农村社会保障制度建设进程已经成为全社会的广泛共识,更是被党和政府纳入到解决三农问题的重要内容加以重视。但是,长期以来,由于受“二元经济体制”的影响,农村的社会保障体系建设严重滞后,与此同时,传统农村社会养老保险在实践中也遭遇到制度推行的困境。因此,造成了中国现阶段绝大部分农民的养老基本上还是处于正规制度缺乏的真空地带。正是出于解决我国农村养老问题的紧迫性,学术界从未停止过对农村养老保障理论指导和实践路径的探索。2009年10月,新型农村社会养老保险的试点工作已经在全国10%的县(市、区)推开。因此,本论文也正是在现有研究成果上,以农村市场经济改革和发展为出发点,综合运用经济学、管理学、保险学、法学等学科的相关理论,采用系统论与整体观方法、定性分析与定量分析相结合、实证分析与规范分析相结合、比较与归纳相结合的方法,对我国农村养老保障的制度、文化、经济、家庭基础等因素进行系统分析,深入剖析我国新型农村养老保障制度建立及可持续发展的种种障碍及存在的问题；立足于现实,为构建一条符合我国国情的新型农村养老保障制度的可持续发展之路进行一些有益的探索。本研究主要作了以下工作：(1)在国内外农村养老保障制度建设既有经验的基础上,系统分析了新型农村养老保障的制度文化、家庭、财力支撑等基础条件。新型农村养老保障制度的建立不能脱离我国传统文化中的优秀内核,中华民族养老文化应与正规养老制度有机结合,催生出推动我国农村养老保障制度良性发展的持久动力。(2)分析了农民、政府(集体)在新型农村社会养老保险基金筹集中的博弈均衡。对农民、集体和政府三者对新型农村养老保障的财力支撑能力从总体和区域比较两个方面进行了较为系统的分析。其中从城乡居民收支对比数据、农村家庭收支状况和线性扩展支出系统模型以及新型农村社会养老保险规定的缴费标准几个方面分析了农民的缴费能力。从总体上看,我国农村大多数居民已经具备了对农村社会养老保险的缴费能力。而随着近年来政府财九快速增长的良好势头,政府在农村养老保障中的财政支持能力也不断增强。但与此同时,我国农村经济社会发展的区域不平衡性又表明了农村养老保障建立过程中的非趋同性。应以家庭保障为基础,构建农村养老保障制度模式的梯度多元化发展格局。本研究根据分人群、分区域特点设计了新型农村养老保障制度的具体模式。(3)对新型农村养老保障的经济社会效应进行了分析。财政对新型农村养老保障的投入尽管会在一定程度上降低经济发展速度,但却改善了社会经济效率,提高了现在人均福利,从而提高社会整体福利水平。从财政投入能够促进城乡总福利和农民消费需求的增加两方面分析了收入再分配效应,认为应把个人帐户养老基金的保值增值与基金促进农村经济社会发展相结合起来,以实现经济与农村社会民生事业协调发展的双赢格局。(4)运用经济学和保险学相关理论构造了新型农村社会养老保险个人账户精算模型,实证分析了个人帐户养老基金积累值的敏感性以及养老金收入替代率和长寿风险问题,对参数调整对个人帐户长寿风险的影响作用进行了定量研究。(5)对新型农村养老保障的机制建设进行了研究,提出了机制建设的系统框架。更多还原

【Abstract】 Now,China is facing an important opportunity in the development period,and this is the time that contradictions occur suddenly.In recent years,at the objective background of promoting economic and social stability and dealing with the accelerated aging trends effectively,accelerating the building process to China’s rural social security institution has become a wide consensus in all society,at the same time it has been given more attention in the three agricultural issues by Communist of China and government.However,for a long time,due to the "dual economy" effect,the social security institution in rural areas lagged far behind,at the same time,the traditional rural social old-age insurance also encountered difficulties in practice.These reasons above bring about the situation that the pension about the majority of peasants in China are in the vacuum of the lack of the formal institution basically.In order to solve the problem of rural old-age urgency,academia has never ceased the path of exploration of rural old-age security theory and practice.In October 2009,the new rural social old-age insurance pilot work has been pushed in ten percent of the counties in China.Therefore,this paper is also at the basis of the existing research,regarding the reform and development of rural markets economy as a starting point,using economics, management,insurance,law and other disciplines related theories integrated,analyzing the institution of rural old-age security,cultural,economic,family foundation and other factors, in-depth analysis of the China’s new rural old-age security institution obstacles and problems about the established and sustainable development by adopting the methods of institution theory and holistic view,combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis,empirical analysis and normative analysis,the method of combining induction and comparative law,based on reality,conduct some useful exploration of a sustainable development way to accord our national conditions for building a new rural old-age security institution.This study mainly makes the following job:(1)Based on the experience of rural old-age security institution construction both at home and abroad,the article makes a systematic analysis of basic conditions of the new rural old-age security institution as institution, culture, financial support,and so on.It can not be divorced from our core culture of the fine traditional culture.The Chinese old-age pension institution should be organically combined with the regular to give birth to the sustainable power of promoting rural development of rural social security institution in our country.(2)Analyzing the game equilibrium of fund raise from the farmer,government (collective) in a new type of rural social endowment insurance.Farmers,collective and the government’s financial support for rural old-age security were analysed according to comparing the two aspects in total and part.Using the comparison of data from the income and expenditure of urban and rural residents,the situation of rural household income and expenditure data,the Extend Linear Expenditure System model and the payment standard of new rural social old-age security institution,the article analyzes the payment ability of farmers.On the whole,the majority of rural residents already have the payment ability for rural social old-age security.With the rapid growth of government finances in recent years,the ability of financial support for the rural old-age security is growing.But at the same time,the regional imbalance of our country’s rural economic and social development once indicated the nonhomoplasy in the process of constructing the old-age security in rural areas.Family protection should be based on in constructing gradient pattern of diversification of rural old-age security institution.In this study,according to characteristics of sub-population,sub-regional,we designed the specific model of new rural old-age security institution.(3)Analyzing the economic and social effects of new rural old-age security.Despite investment in new rural old-age security will lower the economic developing speed in a certain extent,it can improve socio-economic efficiency and per capita welfare.It will improve the overall level of social welfare.In order to achieve the win-win situation for coordinated development of economic and rural people’livelihood,the increase in value about personal accounts old-age funds and rural economic and social development should be comblined together.(4) Using the theory of economics and Insurance,the actuarial model of personal accounts for rural new social old-age insurance is constructed,and reference to relevant data.Focusing on the quantitative analysis for the sensitivity of personal accounts old-age funds accumulated value,the factors of personal account pension income replacement rate of change and longevity risk.Doing quantitative research for the influence to longevity risk on the parameter adjustment of personal accounts.(5)Studying on the mechanism construction of new rural old-age security and proposing institution framework about he mechanism construction.更多还原