西方近代以来“法权人格”理论研究

【作者】 张君平；

【导师】 高兆明；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 伦理学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本文从法哲学的角度,以人格、权利为核心,通过对西方近代以来法律思想知识谱系的考察,探讨法的精神的现代内容及其演进过程,揭示法权人格理念的丰富内涵,并为我国法治建设提供理论支持。在研究方法上,以“法权人格”为视角,通过对英、法、德、美四国近代以来的主要经典法权思想进行分别探究,揭示西方近代以来法权人格思想的具体内容。本文通过深入西方经典文本仔细梳理,揭示了西方近代以来法权人格思想理论演进的逻辑过程,这个过程是,从西方近代资产阶级争取自由平等权利的思想,限制权力理路下的法权人格至上与保障理念；反专制、求平等的法权人格理论；法哲学上的自由人格共存与承认理论；到当代的制度正义下的自由和平等的法权人格理念。贯穿这个过程的基本思想精髓是：法权人格是所有人具有平等自由权利的普遍平等人格,且这些平等人格的平等自由权利得以法的方式表达,并受到法的平等有效保护。人人在法的意义上都被看作享有平等的自由权利的人,任何人的法权都得到法的平等保护,这种法权人格理念应当被视为现代法治的根本精神和最高原则。“法权人格”的要义是,要用法来对个人任性和权力的任意加以限制,使每个人的人格尊严和权利得到法的有效保护。法权人格正是现代法治之本,现代法治是法权人格理念的“体”与“用”。更多还原

【Abstract】 Purpose of this study is based on the evolution of modern Western thinking to inspect the rule of law, legal rights and to explore and reveal the concept of Legal Right Personality. In research perspectives and methods of "Legal Right personality", the main classical legal right thoughts of the four countries, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the United States, have been studied to explore and to discover these special ideas, then to explore the common in them.This study is to reveal the logical process of the legal right theory. Concept of legal right of personality and its ancient being; limit the power for legal right under the concept of personality-British style; Anti-authoritarian, seeking equal legal rights theory of personality-France style; Freedom and recognition of the coexistence theory German style; The system of justice and equality under the law the right to freedom of personal philosophy-American style; The basic idea throughout this process is that all people should enjoy universal equal and free personality, and rights of equality and freedom personality are expressed and protected by the law. Everyone in law should be seen as person with equal right and freedom, any person’s legal rights have been the equal protection of the law, this legal right personality should be regarded as the fundamental spirit of the rule of law and the highest principle. The core of "Legal right personality" is that each has an equal right and freedom, and this means not only can the law been explicitly expressed, but also can been effectively maintained by the force of law. The legal right personality is the base of the modern rule of law.更多还原