【作者】 林强；

【导师】 周伟； 王元庆；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 为了保障施工期隧道施工安全,超前或及时识别隧道施工过程中的相关风险,以便在施工管理中及时采取技术或管理手段,隧道健康监测(Tunnel Health Monitoring)技术正逐渐成为隧道施工、隧道安全管理领域的研究热点。论文在分析隧道健康监测需求基础上,构建了隧道健康监测系统,发现实施隧道健康监测系统难点主要集中在支护体结构物中钢结构检测与隧道成洞后稳定性监测。随后,论文基于探地雷达技术,提出了更清晰识别混凝土构件内钢结构的无损监测方法；基于EEMD-小波包结合分析技术,建立了钢结构损害检测方法；集成激光-通讯-计算机技术,建立了隧道成洞后稳定性实时监测技术。提出的支护体监测技术,均进行了算例验证。论文主要创新点有：(1)针对隧道施工期安全的的重要性,提出了应用多种信号与化学成分检测的隧道施工健康监测系统,并对系统组成、功能、实现技术进行了设计。(2)提出一种改进的参数估计方法,基于探地雷达对隧道支护体的扫描数据,通过振动回波信号的处理,实现对支护体隐蔽钢构件等的无损检测,并通过波形处置对照,验证了方法的有效性。(3)提出了集成EEMD和小波包分析,进行隧道支护体内部钢构件损伤的成套方法。该方法基于应力波信号,对回波进行IMF分量分解和小波包能量分解计算,可以对结构体内钢结构等隐性材质的位置、损伤情况进行无损检测,算例表明方法可行的。(4)建立了基于图像边缘及轮廓提取技术、跟踪技术实现的隧道激光变形监测实时监控系统,该系统通过地质不良地段激光发射与接收装置、无线与有线信息传输技术和计算机分析技术的集成,可实现观测点激光光斑的实时识别和位移检测功能,高精度观测隧道变形实时发展情况,验证算例表明相对于传统系统精度提高明显。论文致力于最新信号技术与隧道工程实践的结合,符合我国和谐社会发展方向,在提高隧道施工期安全性和运营期安全性上具有实用价值。但由于时间和工程条件限制,这些新想法还需要结合工程实践,进一步完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to ensure the safety in the operations of the tunnel during the construction, timely and advanced identification about the relative risk during the construction is necessary. And owing to it, we can take technological and management measures timely during the tunnel management. Tunnel health monitoring (Tunnel Health Monitoring) technology is becoming the field of tunnel construction and the safety management of research focus.Based on the analysis about requirements in the tunnel health monitoring, the tunnel health monitoring system is built in this paper, and finding that the difficulty in the construction of the tunnel health monitoring system focus on the steel detection of the supporting material and the stability detection after the tunnel is completed. This paper is based on the ground penetrating radar technology and proposed a no damage detected method to identify the inner steel construction of the concrete component; And based on the EEMD-wavelet packet analysis technology, established the damage detected method of the steel construction; Integrated the laser-communication-computer technology, established the timely stability detection technology after the tunnel is completed. The supporting material detected technologies proposed are done a example authentication. The major innovation focus in this paper as followed:The first, for the importance of the safety during the tunnel construction, this paper proposed the tunnel health monitoring system which applies many kinds of signals and chemical composition. And completing a designment related to the system composition、features and achieved technology.The second, it proposes an improved parameter estimation method, which is based on the data of scanning tunnel supporting body by ground penetrating radar. It achieves the non-destructive testing of concealed steel components of supporting body and so on through the vibration of echo signal processing, and verifies the validity of the method by disposal and comparison of wave form.The third, it proposes a sets of methods about the inner steel parts in the tunnel supporting material which combined EEMD with wavelet packet analysis. This method based on the stress wave signal, doing a calculation about the IMF component decomposition and wavelet packet energy decomposition for the echo. And examples have proved that it is possible to do a no damage detection for the location and damage situation of the recessive materials such as inner steel parts.The fourth, the tunnel deformation monitoring real-time monitoring system that based on the image edge and contour extraction, laser tracking technology is established. This system integrates the laser and receiver, wireless and wireline transmission technology and computer analysis of information technology through adverse geological sections. This system can enable to realize real-time observation point laser spot detection identification and displacement, high-precision real-time development of tunnel deformation observation. Verification examples show that this system can improve the accuracy significantly compared with traditional systemsThis paper concentrates on the latest signal technology combined with the tunnel engineering practice, in line with the direction of harmonious social development, in improving the safety of tunnel construction and operation of security that has practical value. However, due to constraints of time and work, these new ideas need to engineering practice, further refinement.更多还原