【作者】 章启成；

【导师】 王昌明；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 水下轻武器为目前全球研究的热点,展开相关领域的技术研究具有重要的社会价值和军事意义。论文正是针对水下高速运动体运动特性进行了相关研究,从水下传感器研制、传感器校准方法、弹丸水下运动规律等多个方面进行了详细设计、计算和分析,为水下高速弹体的设计奠定了一定的技术基础。本文所作的主要工作如下。(1)针对某典型高速弹体的水下运动规律进行了试验研究,采用公式法及量纲分析法两种方法,对该结构弹体在不同水深、位移状态下的运动速度进行了测量,分别建立了不同水深状态下的高速弹体水下运动速度衰减规律的试验模型。(2)通过对测试环境、特点的深入分析,以深水模拟靶道、PXI系统、水下线圈靶、水下光幕测速传感器为硬件基础,组建了水下弹丸运动特性研究试验系统。并利用Labview7.1的强大功能,实现仪器参数的设置、数据的自动采集、被测信号的实时处理与分析和存储、显示、打印等,并对各测量通道的一致性进行了校准研究。(3)根据水下弹丸速度测量的特点和要求,自行设计和制作了水下光幕测速传感器。具体内容包括：对多种光源的特性进行了分析、测试和比对,构建了水下光源试验装置,确定了波长为650nm、70mW的红光半导体激光器件作为系统的光源；设计了由石英棒、凸透镜、螺纹透镜组成的平行光系统,并在螺旋透镜前设计了特制的光阑,保证了光通量变化的一致性；设计了由接收光阑、螺纹透镜、硅光电池集成器件、光电信号转换电路、电流放大电路、滤波电路、电压放大电路、信号整形电路组成的信号接收、转换及调理电路,消除了干扰信号对测试带来的不利影响,得到了用于触发计时仪并使之记录弹丸穿过靶面时刻的脉冲信号；设计了水下光幕测速传感器防水耐压机箱,装置的壳体有良好的抗压、防内力应变能力和防水密封性能,最大工作深度为40m,最大承压为0.6MPa。(4)采用已有的4套制式光幕靶与水下光幕测速传感器同时测量同一点的弹丸速度,利用4套光幕靶测得速度的均值作为标准值,用之去校准水下光幕测速传感器,分析表明水下光幕测速传感器测速最大相对标准不确定度为r≤1.27×10-3。通过模拟校验和实弹射击的方法,考核了水下光幕测速传感器的测速性能。理论分析和水下实弹试验表明,该系统工作可靠、精度高,完全可以满足目前水下相关领域的研究需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Experimental research on characteristic of underwater projectile motion is the current global hot spots, which expands the study of related fields of technology could bring to important social values and military significance.Paper has studied the damping properties of high speed underwater. From the development of underwater sensors, sensor calibration methods, projectiles and other aspects of the underwater movement of a detailed design, calculation and analysis, it lays the technical foundation of the design of underwater high-speed projectile. The paper did main work as follows:(1) According to the underwater motion of the typical projectile with high speed, both classical formula and dimension analysis were used to analysis the motion rule of typical projectile in different depth of water and displacement state, experimental models on velocity attenuation rule of high speed underwater projectile were established respectively on the two methods.(2) Through the test environment, characteristics of in-depth analysis, Measuring system on moving character of underwater projectile base on PXI was established which is based on deep water simulate target channel. PXI system, underwater coil target and photo-screen sensor. The power of using Labview7.1 achieve instrument parameter settings, the automatic data acquisition, real-time the signal processing and analysis and storage, display, printing, and the consistency of the measurement channels were calibrated research.(3) According to the characteristics and requirements of underwater projectile velocity, underwater speed sensor screens were designed and produced. Topics include:characteristics of a variety of source analysis, testing and comparison of the underwater light test device was constructed to determine the wavelength of 650run,70mW red semiconductor laser light source device as a system. Designed by the quartz rod. lens, screw the lens system composed of parallel light, and in the spiral lens aperture before the specially designed to ensure the consistency of flux changes. Designed by the receiving aperture, threaded lens, silicon photovoltaic cells integrated devices, optical signal conversion circuit, the current amplifier circuit, filter circuit, the voltage amplifier, the signal shaping circuit of the signal reception, conversion and conditioning circuitry, eliminating the interference signals on the test Adverse effects, has been used to trigger the timing device and to record the projectile through the target surface of the pulse signal time. Designed to withstand underwater case waterproof screens speed sensor, the device’s shell has good compression, anti-sealing internal force response capabilities and performance, maximum operating depth of 40m, the maximum pressure is 0.6MPa.(4) Using the existing 4 sets of standard light screens and underwater screens speed sensor point simultaneous measurement of projectile velocity with the use of 4 sets of light screen average speed measured as the standard value, used to calibrate measurements of underwater light curtains Speed sensor, speed sensor analysis showed that speed underwater screens maximum relative standard uncertainty was determined to be r≤1.27×10-3. Velocity measurement performance of underwater photo-screen sensor was assessed through simulating calibration and firing practice.Theoretical analysis and experiments show that live underwater, the system is reliable, high precision, fully meet the current needs of water-related research in the field.更多还原