【作者】 傅绍磊；

【导师】 沈松勤；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 从元和到咸通是唐代后期一个前承后续而又相对独立的历史阶段。在此期间,唐代后期宦官集团进行了长期的分化和重组,在这个过程中,唐朝在政治上经历了元和中兴和会昌振兴的局面后出现的是长期的姑息、苟安的局面,政治局势难以挽回。在当时宦官专权的政治背景下,士人与宦官之间的关系已经是整个士人阶层与整个宦官集团之间广泛而颇为密切的关系,这是当时士风的一个极为重要的方面,甚至是当时士风的主要方面和整体特征,对当时的文风也有着重要的影响。因为身处不同的政治层次和不同的政治背景,所以,当时士人与宦官之间的关系还是存在着不小的具体差异。元稹作为高层士人直接卷入了宦官集团的分化,李商隐、杜牧则是作为中下层士人在政治的边缘间接地受到宦官集团的影响,但是,宦官集团对于李商隐、杜牧的影响却复杂而曲折地反映在二人与牛李党争之间的关系中。白居易因为激进的民本主义思想和对理想政治的憧憬,所以,在坚持自己的政治主张时忽视了特定时期的政治局势的发展而陷入政治困境,思想、文学创作也出现了转变。当时政治复杂多边,陷入政治困境的士人不止白居易一人,在河朔复叛的过程中,内廷的元和逆党和外朝的宰相都主张对藩镇姑息,而且大肆排斥对河朔复叛不满的朝臣,河朔复叛在《续玄怪录》等唐传奇中得到了曲折反映,这也说明河朔复叛在当时的士人中引起了强烈的反响。当时也是贤能标准发生重大转变的时期,就温庭筠的贬谪制诰而言,温庭筠的仕途沉沦很难说与当时贤能标准的转变没有联系。“甘露之变”前后的唐文宗朝翰林学士的特征代表的是当时一个特定的士人群体与宦官集团的关系,是当时士风的一个重要方面。河、湟归唐与当时士风、文风的关系说明的是特定的政治事件甚至比政治局势更能够影响士风、文风,因为河、湟归唐的影响,当时的士风、文风在这个阶段中极为特殊。更多还原

【Abstract】 The span between Yuanhe and Xiantong is a relatively separate and linking historical period in Late Tang Dynasty. The eunuch groups were under longtime separation and reorganization during this period, while the government fell into enduring appeasement after the Yuanhe Resurgence and Huichang Revive. Against the background of eunuchs arrogating all powers, the relationship between scholars and eunuchs has gone beyond individual level and existed on group level, it was a very important aspect and the main character of the intellectual lifestyle of that time, and has a very important influence on the literary style. As for the relationship between individuals from the two groups, it was a matter of particular case because of different political background and levels. For example, Yuan Zhen as a senior scholar had directly involved in the separation within the eunuch group, while Li Shangyin and Du Mu were indirectly affected by the eunuch group because of their lower rank within the scholar group, but the influence can be found in their relationship with the party dispute of Niu and Li. Bai Juyi fell into difficult political situation because of his persistence of people-centralism and vision of the ideal politics, which resulted in ignoring the political situation in a specific period. The political frustration had influenced Bai Juyi’s writing. Bai Juyi was not the only one who fell into difficult political situation. During the period of the re-riot of the Heshuo Military Group, the Yuanhe Rebellious Party in the inner court and the prime minister in the outer court both suggest tolerating military governors, and they eliminate official who were angry with the re-riot of the Heshuo Military Group. We can find the trace of the re-riot of the Heshuo Military Group in Tang Lengends such as Xu Xuan Guai Lu. It reminds us that re-riot of the Heshuo Military Group must be a hot topic within the scholars of that time. The moral standards had also changed greatly during this period, which was reflected in the banishment of Wen Tingyun, as his hard career can be attributed to the change of the moral standards. The character of Hanlin Scholars before and after Ganlu Incident represents the relationship between specific scholar group and eunuch group, and is an important aspect of the intellectual lifestyle during the reign of Emperor Wenzong of Tang Dynasty. He-Huang Re-governed’s effect on the scholars shows that it is the specific political event rather than the political situation has an important effect on the intellectual lifestyle and literary style given that the intellectual style and literary style of that time were very special during this period. Keywords:The Late Tang Dynasty, Yuanhe, Xiantong, politics, intellectual lifestyle, literary style更多还原