【作者】 吴棉国；

【导师】 林彦铨；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 甘蔗是我国最重要的糖料作物,也是重要的可再生能源作物,在我国国民经济中占有特殊的重要地位。甘蔗产业的健康发展事关蔗农增收、蔗区财政增长和国家社会稳定。我国的甘蔗种植和蔗糖主产区分布在广西、云南等边远少数民族地区,发展甘蔗产业对于边疆经济的振兴和稳定意义重大,对保障国内食糖供给安全也具有重要意义。特别是加入WTO后,我国对进口食糖的贸易壁垒显著下降,并大大低于世界平均水平。面对波动剧烈、保护盛行、竞争极不公平的世界食糖市场,国内蔗糖产业面临巨大挑战。甘蔗产量的高低、甘蔗及相关制品品质的优劣,成为了直接关系到我国甘蔗原料生产和制糖工业生产的效益和持续稳定发展以及食品安全的重要因素,构建我国的甘蔗标准体系框架势在必行。因此,研究甘蔗及制品的生产、加工、消费过程的质量安全问题,与甘蔗产业的发展一同提上议事日程。本研究也正是从我国甘蔗产业升级的要求出发,紧密结合当前甘蔗种植与生产集约化、规模化、标准化和工厂化的趋势,通过查阅大量的国内外有关甘蔗标准化文献,结合甘蔗产业发展需求及趋势和标准化的任务需求及范围对甘蔗及制品标准化进行定位,提出建立我国甘蔗标准体系框架,并作了相关的研究分析。这不仅能为指导我国的甘蔗和甘蔗产品的生产提供依据,同时也为甘蔗的科研提供明确的、可操作性强的技术规范,进而有利于调整和优化我国甘蔗行业内部产业结构。本文实证分析了我国甘蔗及制品标准制定与实施的现状和特点,分析了甘蔗产业技术标准对提升产业竞争力的作用、贡献、发展趋势,比较分析了甘蔗及制品标准化框架的设立,表明了我国的甘蔗及制品标准化工作还存在着标准制定晚、体系尚未建立;标准制定难度大、涉及面广;标准制定过程繁冗、进展缓慢;现有甘蔗产业标准不能满足我国经济发展的需求等问题,提出了建立包括基础标准、种苗品种标准、物资供应和保障标准、生产技术标准、甘蔗收购标准、产品质量标准、管理服务标准、蔗糖产品标准、燃料乙醇标准等九个部分的我国甘蔗综合标准体系,规范、指导和服务我国甘蔗及制品的发展需求。论文还结合甘蔗标准化工作实践情况,分析了围绕甘蔗标准在实际中的推广运用所自发形成的以政府主导推动、龙头企业带动、合作社主导等3种形式为蔗区主要的标准化工作实施模式,分析了影响标准推广的障碍性和促进因素,以及对甘蔗产业发展和新农村建设所带来的现实意义,进而提出了充分发挥政府在甘蔗及制品标准制定和推广中的重要作用,尽快建立健全制(修)订甘蔗及制品的产业标准体系,理顺甘蔗及制品标准化实施的管理体制,推动甘蔗产业化发展;加强甘蔗及制品产业标准化示范区建设,出台甘蔗及制品标准化实施的扶持政策,夯实甘蔗标准化实施的规范基础;培育一批甘蔗产品加工龙头企业,筹建一批糖业协会,推广一批农业产业化经营模式,大力推进甘蔗产业的标准化生产进程,提高甘蔗及制品标准化实施的组织程度;建立科学合理的甘蔗产业标准化信息咨询服务体系,大力推广甘蔗产业标准化知识体系,提高甘蔗生产者受教育水平,营造甘蔗及制品标准化工作实施的良好环境,确保甘蔗及制品标准化实施的良性循环和可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sugarcane is the foremost sugar crop in China and also is important renewable energy crop, plays the special important position in the national economy of china. The development of sugarcane industry has respect to increase income for cane growers, financial grow for cane growing areas and social stable for our country. The sugarcane planting and cane sugar producing areas are mainly distributed in remote minority nationality areas such as Guangxi and Yunnan in China. The development of sugarcane industry is signal for promoting borderland economy and social stable, and also is significant meaningful for the ensuring domestic sugar safely apply. Especially inter the WTO, trade barrier of import sugar in our country decreases significantly and is greatly lower than world average level.The domestic cane sugar industry is facing with tremendous challenge confronting the world sugar market with fluctuate severely, protection prevalently and competition unfair. The height of sugarcane yield and the quality of sugarcane and its related products become important factors directly respect to producing benefit and continuing stable development of sugarcane raw material and refine sugar industry, as well as foodstuff safe. Establishing the framework of sugarcane standard system in our country is required by circumstances. Therefore studies on the quality safe problems of sugarcane and it products producing, processing and consuming processes are carried out discussion schedule along with the development of sugarcane industry. Starting off the request for upgrade sugarcane industry in China. This study closes integration of current sugarcane planting and producing tendencies with intensification, dimension, standardization and industrialization, consults large number of sugarcane standardization literatures at home and abroad, combines with the requirement and tendency of sugarcane industry development and the task demand and scope of standardization, fixes position the standardization of sugarcane and its products, proposes to set up the framework of sugarcane standard system in China, and carries out the relevant research and analysis. This study not only provides the basis for the production of sugarcane and its products in China, but also provides specific and operable technical regulation for sugarcane research, in turn to the benefit of regulating and optimizing the interior industrial structure of sugarcane industry in China.This paper evidence analyzes the current situation and characteristics of standard formulation and implementation for sugarcane and its products in China, analyses the effecting, contribution and development trend of sugarcane industrial technical standards for promoting the industrial competitiveness, analyzes comparatively the standardization framework establishment for sugarcane and its products. It shows that there are several problems existing in the work of sugarcane industrial technical standardization such as standard formulating too late and system not yet establishment, larger standard formulating difficulty and involvement, procedure of standard formulating complication and progress slowly, current sugarcane industrial standards could not meet the demand of economic development in our country. It proposes to establish nine sectional comprehensive standard systems for sugarcane in China which include basic standard, setting and variety standard, goods and materials supply and guarantee standard, technology standard, sugarcane acquisition standard, product quality standard, supervisory service standard, cane sugar product standard and fuel alcohol standard, to regulate, guide and serve the development requirement of sugarcane and its products on our country. The paper also combines the practice status of sugarcane standardization work to analyze spontaneous formed three extending models for sugarcane standardization of government dominance promotion, leading enterprise setting in motion and cooperative dominate from the extension and utilization of sugarcane standards in practice as the main practical models for standardization work in sugarcane growing areas. It analyzes the hindrance and promotion factors effecting standard extension and the actual meaningful to the sugarcane industry development and new rural construction, and then proposes the government to bring into fully play important role in the formulation and extension of sugarcane standardization, establishes and perfects the formulation or reformulation of industrial standardize system for sugarcane and its products as soon as possible, straightens out the management system of standardization implement for sugarcane and its products to push forward the development of sugarcane industrialization, strengthens the demonstration plot construction for industrial standardization of sugarcane and its products, comes on implement supportive policy for sugarcane and its products standardization and tamps the implement specific basis for sugarcane and its products standardization, cultivates a numbers of leading enterprises of sugarcane products process and prepares to construct a number of cane sugar associations and extends a number of business models of agricultural industrialization, carries forward the production progress for standardization of sugarcane industry and improves the implement organizational degree for standardization of sugarcane and its products, establishes the information consultant service system with scientific and reasonable for standardization of sugarcane industry, popularizes the knowledge hierarchy for standardization of sugarcane industry to improve the educational level of cane growers, builds the favorable environment for implement of standardization work of sugarcane and its products to guarantee the well circle and sustainable development for implement of standardization of sugarcane and its products.更多还原