郭绍虞中国诗学批评研究

【作者】 何旺生；

【导师】 杨文虎；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 郭绍虞作为中国文学批评史学科的奠基者之一,其学术成就与历史地位已有公论。本文对郭绍虞的定位不纯粹以文学批评史学科的建设为参照,而是将其置于中国文学理论的总体发展框架下,在全球化语境中,以一种学术的、文学的、文化的反思视域,重新审视“郭绍虞经验”,以期发掘其中可以对建设中国特色文学理论发挥建构性作用的理论诉求和价值取向。本文以文学阐释学、文化诗学为主要方法,兼采后殖民主义批评理论,将郭绍虞的学术体系与其“建立具有中国民族特点的马克思主义文艺理论”的学术理想作为一个有机体,通过历史梳理与现象分析相结合,细绎其中国诗学批评的知识形态、理论范式和文学批评观。通过剖析其主体人格个性及新文化思潮、近现代西方文艺美学思想的影响,实证性地阐发郭绍虞中国诗学批评现代性表征,并力图从文化、学术和个性心理的角度,反思其所以存在矛盾和局限的可能原因,探寻其对中国文学理论的建构性价值。本文认为,郭绍虞以中国文学批评史为核心领域,以诗学范畴批评、诗话考论、诗学语言批评和文体学批评为知识维度,构建了自己完整的学术体系；他以自己独特的材料和方法,建构了“以问题为纲”的研究范式、历史还原的诠释范式,并呈现出文化诗学的意义范式；他坚守狷而时狂的知识分子人格,积极实践着“五四”科学精神与“整理国故”思潮,自觉接受、融合马克思主义和西方近现代文艺美学思想。郭绍虞的中国诗学批评一方面呈现出鲜明的现代性特质,另一方面也产生了无法避免的矛盾和局限。郭绍虞的学术理想是“建立具有中国民族特点的马克思主义文艺理论”,此一理想之最终未能实现,是由不断变化的时代语境与主体个性及其学术习性之间一时无法消解的矛盾造成的。这不是郭绍虞个人的矛盾与遗憾,这是郭绍虞一代人的集体困境与遗憾。。至今,“建立具有中国民族特点的马克思主义文艺理论”也还是中国文学理论界未完成的任务!郭绍虞为我们指明了一种方向,我们也可以返回到郭绍虞,从中获取某些知识资源、思想资源,为构建中国文论话语体系探究可能的路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Guo Shao-yu, as one of the founders of the Chinese literary criticism history, established his historical status and won the positive public opinion with his outstanding academic achievements.Instead of purely positioning his achievements with reference to the construction of the discipline of the history of literary criticism, the dissertation attempts to locate them within the general framework of the development of Chinese literary criticism, and reexamine "Guo Shao-yu’s Experience" from a reflectively academic, literary, and cultural perspective within a global context, with the intention to dig out some valuable theoretical aspirations and value orientations which will play a constructive role in formulating literary theories with Chinese characteristics.Adopting literary hermeneutics and cultural poetics as the main methodologies and post-colonial critical theory as the auxiliary one, this dissertation treats Guo’s academic system and his academic ideal of formulating Marxist literary and artistic theories with Chinese characteristics as an organic whole, sorting out meticulously his epistemic configurations and theoretical paradigms of Chinese poetic criticism, and his views on literary criticism by means of combining a historical unraveling and phenomenal analysis. By analyzing his personality traits and the impact of New Culture Movement and modern western aesthetics on him, this study attempts to illuminate empirically the originating contexts within which the modernity of Guo’s Chinese poetic criticism emerged, and reflect on the possible causes for its contradictions and limitations from a cultural and academic perspective as well as the perspective of personal psychology, and its constructive value for Chinese literary theory.This dissertation asserts that Guo constructed a complete academic system with the history of Chinese literary criticism as its core research field and the categorical criticism of Chinese poetics, the study of Chinese poetics, the linguistic and stylistic criticism of Chinese poetics as its epistemic dimensions. He created a question-based research paradigm, a hermeneutic paradigm featuring historical reduction and an interpretive paradigm for cultural poetics. Adhering to the moral integrity of an intellectual who was sometimes unbridled, Guo lived out actively the scientific spirit of The May Fourth Movement and the spirit of the movement of "rearranging the national heritage", and consciously accepted Marxism and modern western aesthetics and fused them. On the one hand, Guo’s Chinese poetic criticism displayed distinctive modernity; on the other hand, it led to inevitable academic contradictions and dilemma.Guo’s academic ideal was to formulate Marxist literary and artistic theories with Chinese characteristics, which failed to be realized at last due to the irresolvable contradictions between the ever changing social contexts and his personality and academic stand. This is not only the personal dilemma and regrets of Guo’s own, but those of Guo’s generation. Up to this day, the formulation of Marxist literary and artistic theory has been a task unfinished for the Chinese literary theory circles. Guo Shao-yu pointed out a direction for us. We can return to Guo Shao Yu to gain further access to some of the knowledge resources, intellectual resources so as to explore possible route to build a discourse system of Chinese literature theory.更多还原