旅游公共服务体系建设研究

【作者】 何池康；

【导师】 李俊清；

【作者基本信息】 中央民族大学 ， 民族地区公共行政管理， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 改革开放30年来,我国旅游业取得了巨大的发展,2009年《国务院关于加快发展旅游业的意见》(以下简称《意见》)中正式从国家战略高度明确提出“把旅游业培育成国民经济的战略性支柱产业”。对此前所未有的高度定位,表明了旅游业在我国产业中的重要地位。此外,我国旅游业在世界旅游业中的地位也日益提升,据预测我国将在2020年超过法国、西班牙、美国成为世界第一大旅游目的地。一个国家旅游公共服务体系的完善程度是旅游业发达程度的重要标志之一。然而,目前我国旅游公共服务体系的建设远远滞后于旅游业的发展速度,旅游公共服务体系在我国还没有比较完善的建立起来,与把我国旅游业发展成战略性支柱产业和建设世界旅游强国的目标尚有巨大差距。旅游日益成为国民休闲的重要方式,居民生活不可或缺的重要内容。当前我国大众旅游消费已由传统观光旅游向观光与休闲度假并重转变,消费方式灵活多变,对旅游发展提出了新的要求。此外,旅游消费具有明显的二次消费特征,即旅游消费能否得到满足并不直接取决于所消费的旅游产品,而是要在旅游者生活消费需求得以满足的前提条件下,才能获得旅游消费的满足。这就要求旅游业建立起专门为旅游者服务的专项服务体系,即旅游公共服务体系。然而,现阶段我国旅游业并没有建立起完善的旅游公共服务体系,旅游业依赖于社会公共服务体系为旅游者出行服务,但社会公共服务体系并没有划分消费人群,增加了旅游者时间、金钱等旅游成本。《意见》还明确提出“把旅游业培育成人民群众更加满意的现代服务业”,这表明我国具有建立旅游公共服务体系强烈需求和现实要求。本研究以旅游公共服务的理论为基础,立足前沿性、理论性、运用性,进一步探讨旅游公共服务体系的理论框架与实践路径,对旅游公共服务体系进行宏观系统分析,初步建立起旅游公共服务体系的理论框架,并结合云南省旅游发展实际,对如何构建旅游公共服务体系进行微观研究。本研究选择云南为个案进行研究是因为云南旅游业发展是中国旅游业发展的窗口,具有典型代表性。此外,云南省地处我国西南边疆,属于经济欠发达地区,云南省旅游公共服务体系建设中存在的问题能够折射出我国旅游公共服务体系建设中存在的共性问题。本研究主要内容包括三个方面：一是理论研究。从理论层面解决旅游公共服务体系是什么的问题,建立起本研究的理论基础。通过对旅游公共服务理论的梳理,明确旅游公共服务的基本特性,并结合旅游产业、旅游消费的特征,界定旅游公共服务及旅游公共服务体系的基本内涵；二是旅游公共服务体系发展战略研究。从宏观层面上解决旅游公共服务体系该怎么建立、基本框架是什么的问题；三是以云南省为例,对旅游公共服务体系进行微观研究,为我国旅游公共服务体系的发展提供一个实践样本。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the reform and opening policy was adopted 30 years ago until now, Chinese tourism industry has achieved tremendous growth. In 2009, China’s State Council issued The opinion of the state council thon the development of tourism, China highly made clear that "the tourism development being a strategic pillar industries" from the national strategy aspects, indicated that the tourism industry in our country has an important position. Moreover, compared with the world tourism, our tourism industry is increasing, according to the forecast that China will take the place of France, Spain and the United States, and will become the biggest travel destinations by 2020. The development of tourism is in fact the development of public service system; the public service system level is a sign of tourism development. However, at present, Chinese tourism of the construction of public service system is far behind in the development of tourism and the public service system in China, still has not yet been established, there is still great gap to the goal the develop Chinese tourism industry into a strategic pillar industry and a strong tourism economy in the world.Travel is increasingly becoming an important way of leisure and an important residents living content. Recently, Chinese travel consumer has been changed from the way of traditional tourism from sightseeing to leisure vacation and the way of flexible consumption, all this for the development of new requirement are raised. In addition, the tourism consumption obviously has the second consumption characteristic, if the tourists satisfied with their tour consumption spending not depend on the consumption of products, but based on the satisfied with consumption in daily life. Thus the especially service for the special service system are required to establish, which the public service system is. However, nowadays, our tourism sector does not establish a perfect system of public services, tourism depends on the public service system for tourists travel service, but the public service system is not divided into the crowd, so for the tourists, increased their time, money, and other travel costs. At the same time, the views of the tourism industry also made people more satisfied with the modern service industries". Therefore, indicated that China establishes a public service system is the realistic requirement. The study based on the tour of the public service theory, and its theoretical, and further explore the public service system theory with theoretical frame and practice path to analysis the public service system, establish the public service system and combine the development of Yunnan province, for microeconomic research of how to build the public service system. The choice of taking Yunnan province as a study case is due to its tourism development is the window of Chinese tourism development, has typical representative. Moreover, Yunnan province located in the southwestern border of China, belongs to the undeveloped economic areas, the public service system construction of Yunnan province, could give out our country’s public service system problems.This research mainly consists of three aspects:Firstly, theories study. In order to resolve what the public service system is and set up basis of the theoretical study by through the theory of public services, clear the nature of the public service, the tourism industry and the tourism consumption, define connotation of the public service and the public service system; Secondly, study of Chinese tourist public service system. The study from macroscopic level to resolve the public service system how to build and what the basic framework is; Thirdly, take Yunnan province as a microeconomic study case of the public service system, and provide a practical sample for Chinese public service system.更多还原