城市少数民族流动人口权益保障研究

【作者】 吴勇辉；

【导师】 熊文钊；

【作者基本信息】 中央民族大学 ， 民族法学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 一般来说,少数民族流动人口,是指没有取得所在城市户籍,但又生活在所在城市并从事各种经济、文化和社会活动的少数民族人口,它既不同于城市中的世居少数民族,也有别于城市新进少数民族。随着城市化进程的不断加快,流动人口队伍日益庞大,城市少数民族流动人口成为一个十分复杂,也是非常重要的社会问题。其中,城市少数民族流动人口的权益保障问题无疑是最核心的内容之一。少数民族人口在持续地流向城市,他们丰富了城市的文化,壮大了城市的经济,为城市的发展贡献了自己的力量,同时也给城市管理带来了巨大挑战,使城市的稳定和发展面临许多新情况、新问题。据有关资料显示,广东、上海、江苏、浙江和湖南等省市从2000年以来,所发生的影响民族关系和社会治安的大小事件就有近1000件,其中80%涉及少数民族流动人员。种种迹象表明,少数民族流动人口已成为影响城市民族关系的重要因素。而且,来自民族自治地方和边远乡村的少数民族农牧民与城市居民在文化传统、生活方式、价值观念、风俗习惯、宗教信仰等方而存在较大差异,他们有时得不到尊重和理解,一些侵害少数民族流动人口合法权益的行为也时有所见。因此,做好城市少数民族流动人口的服务和管理工作,充分保障他们的各项合法权益,是当前城市少数民族流动人口现实状况的要求,是城市稳定发展的需要,也是我国保护少数民族人权的体现,这已成为城市管理工作的重要任务之一,成为民族工作中一项亟待解决的课题。论文共分八部分：绪论：简要论述了选题的背景及研究意义、研究现状综述、论文的基本框架和研究方法。第一章：城市少数民族流动人口概述。本章论述了城市化背景下少数民族人口向城市流动的总体状况、城市少数民族流动人口的概念、流动的特点以及带来的社会影响,并简要分析了少数民族流动人口权益的内涵和构成。第二章：城市少数民族流动人口权益及其保障现状。主要阐述了保障城市少数民族流动人口权益的必要性和保护现状,并对其权益保障缺失的原因进行了分析。第三章：城市少数民族流动人口权益保障理论。主要闸述了罗尔斯的正义论、姆巴耶的发展权理论、布尔迪厄的文化资本理论以及社会主义和谐社会理论。第四章：城市少数民族流动人口权益保障途径的总体研究。重点从思想、政策、法律、社会等角度就如何进一步保障城市少数民族流动人口权益进行了探讨。第五章：我国城市少数民族流动人口政治权益保障研究。主要探讨了如何进一步保障城市少数民族流动人口的平等权、选举权、宗教信仰权利以及获得公正审判的权利。第六章：城市少数民族流动人口的社会经济权益保障研究。主要探讨了如何进一步保障城市少数民族流动人口的劳动权、自由迁徙权、合法居住权以及社会保障权。第七章：城市少数民族流动人口的文化教育权益保障研究。主要探讨了如何进一步保障城市少数民族流动人口的文化权利、风俗习惯权益以及受教育权。更多还原

【Abstract】 Generally speaking, floating populations of urban ethnic minorities refers to the populations of ethnic minorities who dwell in cities and engage themselves in various kinds of cultural and economic activities, but has not yet acquried the urban census register, which makes them different from the indigeous populations of urban ethnic minorities and the entrant populations of urban ethnic minorities. Today with our country urbanization advancement speeds up unceasingly, the ranks of the floating populations of urban ethnic minorities are constantly expanding. How to manage and service for them has become a very complexied and important social topic, among which the rights and interests protection of them is no doubt one of the core.Continuing migration of the populations of ethnic minorities into city has contributed to urban development, which enriches our urban culture and strengthenes our urban economy, however it also presents a massive challenge for urban management, which brings lots of new problems for urban stability and development. According to the statistical informations, there have been nearly one thousand events occured since 2000 in Guangdong、Shanghai、Jiangsu、Zhejiang and Hunan, which influenced the ethnic relationships and social stability. The floating populations of urban ethnic minorities were involed in 80 percent of those events. All evidences indicate that the floating populations of urban ethnic minorities have become an important factor to the ethnic relationships. In addition, there are many differences between the farmers and herdsman of ethnic minorities come from national automous areas and remote regions, and the urban residents, in many respects such as cultural heritage、life style、value、custom、religious faith and so on. It’s difficult for them to get the understanding and esteem deserved. In lots of situations, the infringement of their legitimate rights and interests often occurred. In the new era of socialism, we should do our best at the management and service for the floating population of minorities, to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. It is conducive to the development and stability of the cities, which embodies our government’s high regard to the substantive right of minorities. This topic has become an important task for urban administration and a burning problem for ethnic work.The thesis is composed of eight parts:Preface:This part briefly expounds the background and significance of selecting this topic、the general situation of the research、the basic framework and the research methods.Chapter I:Introduction of floating populations of urban ethnic minorities. This chapter presents the overall state of migration of the populations of ethnic minorities into the city with the rapid urbanization advancement、the concept of floating populations of urban ethnic minorities、the floating features and its social influence, analyses the connotation and component of the concept.ChapterⅡ:Rights and interests of floating populations of urban ethnic minorities and its protection. This chapter presents the necessity of their rights and interests protection and its currunt protection situation, and make an anlysis on the reason for protection imperfection.ChapterⅢ:Rights and interests protection theory of floating populations of urban ethnic minorities. This chapter mainly presents the theory of justice of John Rawl、the theory of development rights of Mbaye、theory of cultural capital of Pierre Bourdieu and the theory of socialistic harmonious society.ChapterⅣ:Overall study on the protection approach to the rights and interests of floating populations of urban ethnic minorities. This chapter presents how to furthurly protect the rights and interests of floating populations of urban ethnic minorities, from the angle of ideology、politics、law、society and so on in particular.ChapterⅤ:Study on political rights and interests protection of floating populations of urban ethnic minorities. This chapter mainly presents how to furthurly protect the right of equality、the right to vote、the right of religious faith and the right to a fair trial.ChapterⅥ:Study on social economic rights and interests protection of floating populations of urban ethnic minorities. This chapter mainly presents how to furthurly protect the right to work、the right of free migrating、the right of habitation and the right of social security.Chapter VII:Study on rights and interests protection relating to culture and education of floating populations of urban ethnic minorities. This chapter mainly presents how to furthurly protect cultural rights customary pratice and the right to education.更多还原