【作者】 韩志刚；

【导师】 孔云峰；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 地理表达是地理学的一个基本问题,也是地理信息科学的核心研究领域之一。在地理信息日益普及的背景下,地理空间表达方式仍存在观察视点上的高空与侧面、理解上的抽象与形象、以及专业化与大众化等多方面的挑战。传统的多媒体地图将多媒体与地图结合,能够更形象、直观地表达地理世界。随着多媒体及GIS应用的日益深化,出现了地理视频、全景照片、可量测影像等新型可定位媒体;而集成Web、GIS以及地理视频等多媒体的地理超媒体则可提供新的多媒体地理表达方式。基于地理超媒体概念,本文将立体视频引入GIS,探讨地理立体视频的数据模型、数据管理、Web服务与应用问题,拓展GIS应用领域。本文的主要研究内容包括:①探讨适合新型可定位媒体应用的地理超媒体框架,包括总体框架、数据组织、系统集成方法。②以地理立体视频为例,设计数据模型;并依据数据模型,采集、处理和管理相关数据。③定义符合行业标准的地理立体视频Web服务接口,探讨Web服务软件技术。④以河南大学金明校区为例,开发了应用原型以验证相关设计。取得如下主要进展:(1)设计了地理超媒体总体框架。分析了地理超媒体的内容构成、系统功能、标准、技术及应用领域;设计了支持可视化、检索、量测及分析挖掘的地理超媒体文档模型(GHDocObject),及基于SOA的系统集成框架。(2)提出了一个地理立体视频数据模型(GeoSVDM)。该模型包括视频、几何、专题属性、语义标注以及线性参照等要素,采用UML表达了模型对象及其语义;逻辑层次上,设计了12个核心关系表,定义了地理立体视频语义描述模式及数据检索方法,实现了地理立体视频对象数据组织与检索表达。(3)开发了地理立体视频数据采集与处理系统。该系统集成了立体相机、三维罗盘以及GPS接收机等设备采集数据,在影像校正及视差计算的基础上,讨论了立体视频合成、三维点云坐标解算与噪点过滤、FOV多边形生成等算法;并评价了影像量测精度。(4)设计了地理立体视频Web服务,定义了服务接口标准。从资源确定、URI定义以及资源操作接口、表述格式等方面进行了服务设计,定义了检索服务、视频播放服务以及影像量测服务接口及其HTTP交互机制,基于WCF实现了上述服务。以河南大学金明校区为例,进行了数据采集与处理,采用AJAX开发地理立体视频Web服务原型系统,验证了地理立体视频数据模型与Web服务设计的有效性与可行性。本文提出的GeoSVDM模型适合于地理立体视频等可定位媒体的管理与服务,开发的地理立体视频Web服务及其接口能够支持面向服务的地理超媒体应用开发,扩充了GIS在可定位媒体管理及地理超媒体开发方面的新功能;设计的地理超媒体框架及系统集成方法在新的技术条件下拓展了多媒体地图技术及GIS应用领域。更多还原

【Abstract】 Geographic representation, the fundamental issue in geography, is one of the key research topics in geographical information science. In the context of increasing popularity of geographic information, there exist representational challenges such as the bird’s eye view versus the perspective view of geospatial reality, the abstract modeling approach to geographic information as opposed to the visual-spatial approach and the application design for professional or general public. The traditional multimedia map, combining map and multimedia elements, represent the geographic world more visually. With the rapid advance of the multimedia and position technology, the new-style geo-tagged media, such as geographic video, panoramic picture and measurable image, have been introduced in GIS applications. Geographic hypermedia attempts to provide a new way for rich, open, flexible and interactive multimedia geographic representation.This paper aims to introduce the stereo video to geographic information science. The data model, data management, web service and application of geographic stereo video are discussed in detail. The research topics include: (1) The system design of geographic hypermedia framework including system architecture, data organization, integration technology; (2) The data model for geographic stereo video, and related data collection, processing and management; (3) The design and implementation of web services for geographic stereo video, including service mechanism, interface and programming technology; (4) The development of geographic hypermedia systems to test the feasibility of geographic stereo video data model and web service introduced in this paper. The major research progresses are summarized as follows:(1) The framework design for geographic hypermedia. The content, functions, standards, technologies and application of geographic hypermedia was discussed in detail. A geographic hypermedia document data model (GHDocObject) and the integration framework of geographic hypermedia based on SOA were designed. The GHDocObject model supports general application functions, such as map and multimedia visualization, querying and image measurement.(2) Introduction of a geographic stereo video data model (GeoSVDM). The model was composed of entities of video, geometry, theme, semantic annotation and linear reference. The model objects and their relations were defined in Unified Model Language carefully. At logic levels, 12 core relation tables, the semantic schema and data retrieve methods were designed for application purpose.(3) System integration for geographic stereo video data acquisition and processing. The video and geospatial data were collected using a laptop with stereo camera, 3D compass and GPS receiver, and processed using image rectification and disparity calculation library. The related algorithms, such as field of view (FOV) polygon generation and 3D point cloud processing were designed according to GeoSVDM.(4) The geographic stereo video Web Service design and implementation. The resource identification, URI definition, resource operation interface and resource representation format were discussed in detail. The service interfaces and HTTP interaction for retrieval service, video playing service and image measurement service were defined on the basis of industry standards. All the web services were implemented via Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) technology.Based on the geographic stereo video service, web mapping service and browser-side AJAX programming, a geographic hypermedia system for Henan University (Jinming campus) was developed. The data collection, processing, management and application development indicated that the geographic hypermedia framework, geographic video data model (GeoSVDM) and web services introduced in this paper are feasible and flexible. These technical solutions are practical for the development of geographic hypermedia applications. Furthermore, this paper provides a new approach to manage and utilize geo-tagged media in geographic hypermedia framework, and will expand the multimedia geographic representation.更多还原