【作者】 张占贞；

【导师】 王兆君；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林业经济管理， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 产业集群是当今世界经济发展的主流之一,是促进区域经济和产业发展的一股强劲动力。20世纪80年代以来,产业集群作为区域经济发展的强大载体,越来越成为提高区域经济竞争力的重要工具。东北国有林区是东北老工业基地的重要组成部分,在老工业基地的振兴中,承担着重要的任务,把产业集群作为该区域经济发展的一个模式对提高东北国有林区经济竞争力十分迫切。本文从国有林区的特点出发,以东北国有林区林业产业集群生态系统演进为切入点,以组织生态理论、演化经济学、系统动力学等经济学和管理学的理论与方法作为工具,研究林业产业集群生态系统的内涵及结构,通过对产业集群生态系统各要素系统的功能及要素系统间关系的分析,从内在机理上刻画出林业产业集群生态系统的形成条件、影响因素、演进阶段和动力机制。同时,运用实证分析方法对东北国有林区林业产业集群进行了识别、对其演进阶段进行了测度,以上研究拓展了林业经济理论的研究领域。本文的第一部分内容是绪论和林业产业集群生态系统研究的理论框架构建。首先,提出了东北国有林区林业产业集群生态系统研究的背景、目的、意义,对国内外相关研究理论进行了评述,并对本文的研究思路、主要内容、研究方法、技术路线与创新点进行了介绍。其次,在对林业产业集群生态系统的内涵和特征界定的基础之上,构建了林业产业集群生态系统的结构模型,并对该系统要素、系统结构及平衡条件进行了分析。第二部分内容为国内外典型林业产业集群演进经验借鉴。以国内外典型林产业集群为例,总结归纳出产业集群演进的一般规律和经验,提出了对东北国有林区林业产业集群演进与成长研究的启示和借鉴。第三部分内容为东北国有林区林业产业集群生态系统的形成条件与演进影响因素分析。首先,从产业集群生态系统形成的基础条件和环境条件入手,分析了林业产业集群形成的前提；其次,从集群生态系统的各要素系统视角选择了东北国有林区林业产业集群生态系统演进的影响因素指标,并在实地访谈和问卷调查的基础上,用因子分析法分析了各因素的影响程度。第四部分内容为东北国有林区林业产业集群生态系统演进机理分析。首先,分析了产业集群生态系统的演化生命周期：形成期、成长期、成熟期、升级转型或迁移衰亡；其次,基于生命周期的划分,分析了产业集群生态系统的不同演进阶段的动力机制与作用机理；再次,分析了产业集群生态系统演进的网络化过程：企业无组织简单集聚-企业间纵向联结-集群中企业横向联结-集群企业分工模块化-集群企业网络化；最后,以吉林敦化木材加工产业集群生态系统为例,对东北国有林区林业产业集群生态系统演进与成长问题进行了实证分析。第五部分内容为东北国有林区林业产业集群识别与演进阶段测度。根据林业统计资料,利用标准区位商系数和产业波及效果系数识别东北国有林区林业产业集群,利用行业集中度、产业区域集聚度测定东北国有林区林业产业集群的演进阶段,为东北国有林区林业产业集群成长模式选择和对策制定提供实证依据。最后,基于生态系统视角构建了东北国有林区林业产业集群成长模式,提出了相应的成长对策。在前述对国内外典型林产业集群发展的成功经验和东北国有林区林业产业集群生态系统演进影响因素研究的基础上,根据东北国有林区林业产业集群的成长现状,构建了资源禀赋挖掘、龙头企业带动、园区依托、专业市场带动、多种经营主导、林业合作组织带动和森林旅游引导等成长模式,并从林业产业集群生态系统的各要素系统视角,提出东北国有林区林业产业集群的成长对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Industrial cluster is not only the main trend of economic development in the world but also the strong force to promote regional economic and industrial development. As a strong carrier of regional economic development, industrial cluster has becoming an important tool to raise regional economic competitiveness. As a main component of northeast old industrial base, the northeast state-owned forest region is very important for the regional economic development, and industrial cluster is the best mode for the economic development of northeast state-owned forest region.Based on the characteristics of northeast state-owned forest region,this paper takes the evolution of forestry industrial cluster ecosystem as the breakthrough point, based on the theories and methods of organizational ecology, evolutionary economics, system dynamics, this dissertation first makes an inquiry of the meaning, traits, structures of the forestry industrial ecosystem in northeast state-owned forest region. Next, the influencing factors, the driving mechanism and stages of the industrial cluster ecosystem evolution and growth of the state-owned forest region are analyzed systematically, and the identification of the industrial cluster and the measurement of the development of the industrial cluster of the northeast state-owned forest region are also approached empirically. These researches expand research fields of the forestry economics theory.The first part are the introduction and the theoretical framework of forestry industrial cluster.Firstly, the research background, objective and significance of the forest industrial cluster ecosystem of the northeast state-owned forest region are introduced, and the related literatures are also recalled and reviewed. The research thought, main content, research methods, technical route and the innovations are also provided.Secondly,based on the definition of the meaning and features of the forestry industrial cluster ecosystem, this part constructs the structure of the forestry industrial cluster ecosystem, and analyzes its components.The second part is the enlightenment of the typical forestry industrial clusters in the world.Taking the typical industrial clusters as examples, this part summarizes the general law and experiences of the industrial clusters in order to provide help for us to study the evolution and growth of the forestry industrial cluster in northeast state-owned forest region.The analysis of the forming conditions and influencing factors of the forestry industrial cluster of the northeast state-owned forest region is in the third part. Starting from the basic conditions and the environmental conditions of the industrial cluster formation, this part analyzes the bases and potentials of the forestry industrial cluster, and investigates the influencing factors of the industrial cluster formation and growth form the perspectives of the different elements system of cluster ecosystem. According to the investigative data, factor analysis is used to study the effect of the influencing factors on the evolution of the northeast state-owned forest region.The evolutive mechanism of the forestry industrial cluster ecosystem of the northeast state-owned forest region is in the fourth part. Start from the evolutive life cycle of the industrial cluster ecosystem,this part analyzes the driving mechanism of the different forms of the life cycles of the industrial clusterecosystem, then the evolution of industrial cluster ecological system network process is analyzed: unorganized agglomeration-longitudinal link-lateral link-division modular-network. And the evolution and growth of the forestry industrial cluster ecosystem are also discussed taking the Dunhua timber industrial cluster in Jilin Province as an example.The identification of the forestry industrial cluster of the northeast state-owned forest region and measurement of its evolutionary phase are also studied.According to the statistical data, this part identifies the forestry industrial cluster with standardized location quotient and industrial fallout effect coefficient, and measures the evolutionary phases with concentration ratio of industry and industrial spatial concentration coefficient.Finally, the growing mode and countermeasures of the industrial cluster in northeast state-owned forest region are put forward based on ecosystem.Based on the analysis and results above,acrroding to the present situation of forestry industrial clusters in northeast state-owned forest region, this part constructs some growing mode,such as the mode of mining resource endowment,the mode of leading enterprise promoting, the mode of depending industrial park, the mode of professional market driving, the mode of developing firestry underground resource, the mode of forestry cooperation organization driving and the mode of forest tourism guiding. Some growing countermeasures of forestry industrial clusters are put forward from the perspectives of the different elements system of cluster ecosystem.更多还原