【作者】 张勇；

【导师】 王又平；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本论文题为《反抗压抑与消解神圣——新时期以来小说中性与革命的双重言说》,以新时期以来小说中性和革命的互动叙事为研究对象,以经典革命历史文本对性和革命的传统叙述为参照,着重论述新时期以来小说在对性和革命的双重言说中性爱叙述对革命意识形态压抑的反抗和对革命神圣的消解,以透视在这一过程中新时期以来各种文学思潮是如何摆脱泛政治意识形态的束缚,从而形成自身独特的精神意向、价值取向和文本特征的。论文由“绪论”、“两极化取向”、“浪漫化想象”、“中性化表述”、“欲望化书写”、“镜像化观照”和“结语”等七个部分组成,各部分主要内容如下：绪论部分主要是阐述论文的选题依据,概括学界的研究现状；同时,对论文将采取的研究方法和论文思路给予说明；另外,对论文涉及到的一些基本的概念范畴,如性、革命、新时期小说加以界定。在新时期以来多种文学思潮的小说叙事中,性和革命尤其是性这个概念的内涵并不完全一样。同时,不同的小说潮流对性和革命的双重言说虽然在某种程度上都体现出反抗压抑和消解神圣的共同的精神意向,但是这一过程是在不同的精神层面和价值取向上进行的。论文以小说潮流出现的纵向时间顺序和横向的精神意向相结合的方式展开讨论。论述的重点在于小说叙事中性反抗革命压抑和消解革命神圣的独特意义,以显现新时期文学是如何逐步摆脱泛政治意识形态的束缚从而呈现出多重特质和丰富内涵的。第一章主要探讨新启蒙主义小说对人性话语的两极化书写。从20世纪20年代后期开始,革命话语逐渐取得了其在社会思想文化中的权威地位,压抑了人性话语,人性被异化。新时期之初的新启蒙主义文学思潮认识到性欲是人性之中的感性生命内容,是受到肯定的一种自然的人性。在对人性的肯定和伸张中,人性话语形成了对革命话语的修复,而人性之中的感性欲望试图从政治压抑中独立出来,形成了对革命话语的僭越。还有一些小说揭示了革命政治话语对人性欲望的压抑和扭曲,但最终新启蒙主义文学又回到了社会政治理性,试图重建主体价值。第二章着重分析浪漫主义和理想主义文学思潮的对原始生命欲望和本能的浪漫化想象。浪漫主义文学从理性压抑中反叛出来,书写那种具有非理性特征的原始生命欲望和本能,尤其是性欲望。在《红高粱》、《丰乳肥臀》等作品中,这种欲望和本能冲破了革命话语的压抑,返回了非主流的民间世界。世纪之交的新革命历史小说却是对“革命”的再度返回,寄托了世纪末的人们对革命的浪漫化想象。但是革命失去了严格的阶级斗争内涵,主要是指民族革命。民族革命英雄是充满了爱欲和本能的男性个体,性从传统意义上的革命规训中解放出来。对男性革命英雄的欲望叙述还迎合了大众文化的欲望叙事法则。第三章重点论述新写实和新历史小说的生命本能观。革命现实主义曾经是当代文学史上居于权威地位的创作方法,建构了革命历史的宏大叙事。在这种宏大叙事中,阶级斗争推动着历史的进步,具有无可争辩的正义性。新写实小说回到了对普通人的世俗性欲望的书写,在苏童、李锐等小说家看来,历史是循环、宿命的,质疑了那种现代性革命话语。所谓革命就是人们在卑劣的欲望尤其是性欲望的驱使下的厮杀和争抢,农民革命英雄的崇高神性和革命的正义性被彻底消解。另外,陈忠实在他的《白鹿原》中以对性、革命、家族三者的书写表达了他对现代性革命话语的反思以及对传统文化的认同。第四章集中论述女性主义和消费主义文学的身体体验和欲望化书写。在传统革命历史叙事中,女性献身革命就是成为那些革命男性的伴侣,接受主流意识形态的改造。新历史小说描绘了那些“堕落”女性的性感身体,女性身体像水一样从革命意识形态的规训中流溢出来,质疑了崇高革命话语。在女性主义作家的写作中,女性只有夺回自己的身体才能摆脱男权革命话语的控制,拒绝成为革命征用的性工具。在消费主义文学对红色革命经典的改写中,欲望叙述形成了对革命意识形态的动摇和颠覆,因而必然引起主流意识形态的规训。第五章主要考察性和革命之间的相互观照。《坚硬如水》对性和革命的叙事表面上回到了“革命加恋爱”的小说模式,但实际上是这一模式的变异。性和权力欲望的畸形膨胀和疯狂最终导致了主人公自身的毁灭。在余华的《兄弟》中革命压抑了欲望,造成了市场经济时代欲望的畸形膨胀,但是,革命所代表的公平和正义对当下价值失范仍然具有积极的反思意义。王小波是一个自由主义作家,在他的一些小说中权力话语对个人的压抑就表现为“革命”的施虐和性的受虐,由此造成了性和主体的异化,但是,在他的《革命时期的爱情》、《黄金时代》等小说中,王小波试图通过戏谑化的性描写颠覆“革命”的崇高和压抑,建构个人主体价值。结语部分在当下社会文化语境中重新审视革命以及革命所代表的集体主义理想和个人的关系,进一步思考市场经济时代对革命的重新想象和理解以及革命价值观在这一时代可能具有的积极意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The title of this paper is "Resist Depressionand Digestion Sacred——the double narrative of sex and revolution in new period’s novels". The research object is the interactive narrative of sex and revolution in new period’novels, with traditional narrative of sex and revolution in classical revolutionary history text as reference, focuses on discussing the sex narrative in the double self narrative of sex and revolution in new period’novels how to against depressive of the revolutionary ideology and to digestion sacred of revolution. In perspective of how a variety of literary trends pan out the shackles of political ideology in the process since the new period and intend to form their own unique spirit values and text features.The paper is composed by seven parts, such as "introduction", "polarization orientation", "romantic imagination", "neutral expression", "desire writing", "mirroring reflection" and "epilogue", each part’main content as follows:Introduction mainly describes Dissertations basis and generals status of academic research. Meanwhile, the paper will provide an explanation to the research methods and thesis ideas. In addition, a number of basic concepts related to in paper such as sex、revolution and the New period novel will be defined. In the novel narrative of a variety of literary trends since new period, the concept of sex and revolution, especially the concept of sex is not exactly the same meaning. Meanwhile, although the double narrative of sex and revolution in different novel trends in some degree embody the common spirit intention of against depressive and digestion sacred, this process is conduct in a different spiritual level and value orientation. Paper generally concludes five kinds of spirit intention, such as "polarization orientation","Romantic imagination", "neutral expression","Desire Writing ", "Mirroring reflection". The paper will discuss this thesis according to the way of combining the Longitudinal time sequence of novel trends’appearing and the horizontal sequence of the spirit intention. The focus of discussing is the sex narrative’unique significance of against revolution’depressive and digestion revolution’sacred, showing how the literature since the new period get rid of the shackles of political ideology and emerging a multi-character and rich connotation.The first chapter mainly intend to discuss the polarized discourse of human nature writing in new Enlightenment Novel. Since the late of 20’in 20 century, the revolutionary discourse gradually made its position of authority in society and culture, repressed discourse of human nature and human nature is alienated. The Enlightenment Literature at the beginning of new period access to recognize that sex desire is the contents of the emotional life of human nature, a kind of human nature be sured. Novel depict human nature by two dimensions of the promotion of human nature and distortion of human nature. In recognition and promotion of human nature, The human discourse forms a kind of repairation to revolution discourse. The emotional desire in human nature try to separate from the political repression, make a kind of overstepped to revolution discourse. There are a number of novel reveals how revolutionary political discourse suppress and distort the desire of human nature. But in the end New Enlightenment literature returned to the social and political rationality, trying to rebuild the main value.The second chapter emphasizedly analyzes the romantic imagination of the romanticism literary and idealism literary about original desire and instinct of life. Romanticism is a rebel from the depression of rational, Writing the original non-rational desires and instincts of life, especially sex desire. In"Red Sorghum"、" Hypertrophy of breasts and buttocks"and other works, the desire and instinct break through the suppression of revolution, back to the non-mainstream folk world. The new revolutionary historical novel is once again return to the revolution at the turn of the century. Sustenancing the romantic imagination about the revolution of the people in the late century. But the revolution loses its strict connotation of class struggle, Mainly referring to the national revolution. National revolution hero is full of erotic and instinct males, Sex liberate itself from the traditional sense of revolution discipline. The describe of the revolutionary men hero’desire also meet the desire narrative rules of popular culture.The third chapter focuses on discussing the concept of life instinct in new realism and new historical novel. Revolutionary realism was the authority of the status creation method in contemporary literature and constructed the grand narrative of revolutionary history. In this grand narrative, Class struggle promoted the progress of history, having the indisputable justice. New realistic novels back to the writing about secular desire of ordinary people, In view of SuTong, Li Rui and other novelists history is cyclical, fate, Questioned the revolutionary discourse of modernity. The so-called revolution is the fighting and competition among people driven by the despicable desire especially sexual desire. The noble peasant revolutionary hero and the divine justice of the revolution was completely digestion. New historical novel thus create a psychological space Of personal experience to history. In addition, Chen Zhongshi expressed his reflection to revolutionary discourse of modernity and identity to traditional culture through writing sex、revolution and families in his "Bai Lu Yuan".The fourth chapter discusses the body experience and the desire writing of feminism literature and consumerism literature. In the traditional revolution historical narratives, that women dedicated to the revolution is to become revolution male’partners, to accept the transformation of the mainstream ideology. New historical novels depict the "fallen" women’s sexy body. Female body just like water overspilling from the discipline of revolutionary ideology, questioned the lofty revolutionary discourse. In the writing of feminist writers, Women can get rid of the control of male’ revolutionary discourse only by reclaiming their bodies, refuse to be sex tools expropriated by revolution. In the rewriting to the red revolution classical in consumerism literary, desire description have become the shake and subversion to the revolutionary ideology, which would inevitably lead to the discipline of mainstream ideology.The fifth chapter mainly study the mutual perspective between sex and revolution. The narrative in "hard as water" about revolution and sex apparently back to the "revolution plus love" novel mode, however, it is actually the variation of this model. Deformities expansion and crazy lust for sex and power desire eventually led to the destruction of the hero’s own. In Yu hua’s "Brothers", desire is suppressed by the revolution, leading to the desire’abnormal expansion in market economy time. But the value of equity and justice represented by revolution still has a positive reflection significance to anomie of value at present. Wang Xiao bo is a liberal writer. In some of his novels repression to individual by the power discourse show sadistic of revolution and the sexual abuse, resulting the alienation of sex and subject. However, In his "Love in revolution time", "Golden Age" and other novels, Wang Xiaobo try to subvert the noble and depression of revolution by joking description of the sexual, constructing the value of the individual subject.Conclusion part re-examine revolution and the relationships between collective ideals represented by revolution and personal in social and cultural context at present, further reflect re-imagined and understanding on the revolution in era of market economy and the positive significance that revolutionary values may have in this era.更多还原