【作者】 史振卿；

【导师】 周国林；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 历史文献学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 《尚书》作为儒家经典之一,历代学者不断为之故、训、传、说。到清代,《尚书》学研究进入一个新的阶段,无论在研究的深度和广度上,还是在研究的思想和方法上,都是以前各朝代无法比拟的；而且今人在研究《尚书》时,也都不能不考察清代《尚书》学的研究成果,作为自身研究的起点。清代《尚书》学的演变与清代学术思想的变迁紧密联系在一起。明清鼎革,使一大批士人在反思明亡的教训中,把矛头指向王明心学。在这样的背景下,《尚书》研究的重心是反思蔡沈《书集传》给学界带来的影响；最为重要的成果,是把东晋梅赜所上古文《尚书》中二十五篇定为伪书。到乾嘉时期,考据思想主导着学界,《尚书》辨伪学者的重心是探寻二十八篇真古文《尚书》的意蕴。到晚清时期,清廷面临内忧外患,经世致用思想再次激起波澜,《尚书》学研究的旨趣发生转变,在今文经学的主导下,《尚书》辨伪不仅在于它的学术意义,而且是清儒面对世变而作出的应急反应。清儒中以阎若璩为代表的辨伪派和以毛奇龄为代表的证实派,对古文《尚书》的传承系统展开争论,其大旨在于证明各自传承体系的合法性。两派辩论的焦点是东晋梅赜所上古文《尚书》中的二十五篇的真伪,他们主要围绕二十五篇的篇目篇数、文体格制、文献来源等议题进行激烈辩论。通过这些辩论,虽然两派都难以拿出有力的证据说服对方,但是使东晋梅赜所上古文《尚书》存在的争议问题更加明晰,使后人更清楚的看到问题的根结。辨伪派和今文学家均在追寻晚书的作者。这二十五篇虽然被多数人否定,但是其思想的合理内核,并没有因为两派学者的辩论而丧失,两派都在不同程度上探讨了二十五篇的思想价值。有清一代,整个长江中下游流域是粮食的主产区,呈现“湖广熟,天下足”的格局。同时在战略上,长江中下游是南北交通的交集区,而这个地区水灾也不断发生。清代《尚书》研究学者对长江中下游的水道问题的关注,集中表现在对三江、九江地望的考论。他们通过梳理三江、九江地望的历史沿革,试图找到二大地望的具体方位,以便解决当时社会的需要。清朝是传统学术总结的重要时代,对《尚书》的辑佚和历代经解的汇编恰恰反映出这个时代儒学的基本走向。清儒《尚书》辑佚和经解汇编不仅在总结学术,而且把辑佚、汇编与学术研究结合起来,又与社会思潮的变迁联系在一起,体现出强烈的时代性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Shang Shu is part of the Confucian classics, scholars of every dynasty were try to interpret it.Regardless of the depth and breadth in the study, or in the research ideas and methods, every dynasties are unlikely to be achieved before the qing dynasty in which the studies about shang shu stepted into a new phase; And even the modern scholars in the study Shang Shu, are unlikely to exceed the scholars of Qing Dynasty.so the outcomes. Of the Qing dynasty of Shang Shu is very important to our study in which.The changing of Shang Shu research in academic keep serious contact of study though in the Qing Dynasty.After the fall of the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty to establish the period。The demise of a large number of scholars think the lessons of Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty struggle directed against the direction of the Mind。Shang Shu is the focus of the study thought Cai Shen Shu Ji Zhuan the consequences。They made the greatest achievement is dedicated to the Eastern Jin dynasty, the government’s Ancient of Mei Ze Shang Shu in the twenty-five as genuine.To the Qianlong period, the test, according to the dominant ideology in the academic community Shang Shu Discrimination scholars focus is really looking twenty-eight Ancient Shang Shu significance.To the late Qing dynasty, the Qing government faces a foreign invasion of the situation of internal disturbances.Pragmatism of attention once again to academics,The period study of change research。Dominant in the New Text school, the Shang Shu Discrimination is not only academic significance is that it has, but also in the Qing Dynasty scholar changes the face of society’s response.In the Qing Dynasty the scholars,’such as Yan Ruoqurepresented by Mao Qiling represented faction and the odd school age is confirmed by the representative of Ancient Shang Shu of History, arguing the teaching system.Their aim is to teach the system to prove the legitimacy of their.They debate focused on the Government of the Dong Jin Dynasty,Mei Ze dedicated to classical, study Shang Shu is true in the twenty-five books or pseudo-book。Although they are difficult to come up with evidence to convince each other, but the government dedicated to Ancient Eastern Mei Ze,study Shang Shu is even more clear.This twenty-five, although the negative, but its ideological value and did not lose the debate, because of their value. In fact they are in varying degrees the idea of mining the value of twenty-fiveQing Dynasty, the Yangtze River is the major grain producing areas, a "Huguang cooked, the world is full"situation.At the same time strategically, the Yangtze River is the north-south dividing line, and flood and drought disasters in the region also continue to occur. scholar of Qing Dynasty watercourse of the Yangtze River’s concern about the focus on San Jiang and Jiu Jiang looking at the research and discussion. They combed through the San Jiang and Jiu Jiang, looking at the history, the second largest location to find the specific location in order to address the needs of society at that time.Summary of the Qing Dynasty is an important Chinese traditional academic era of the Shang Shu Collections and assembly times precisely reflect this trend. Qing scholars, Study of Shang Shu not only in the summary of academic and assembly and to recollect and assembly combined with academic research, also with the change in social thinking together, which reflect the needs of the times更多还原