【作者】 田敏；

【导师】 许祖华；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 鲁迅被称为“民族魂”,其思想性格、个性气质、文化特性,有极其复杂的形成原因和过程,但它们深深植根于故乡文化的土壤之中是无疑的。着眼于鲁迅与故乡文化的联系,可以看到,其故乡绍兴(古称会稽),在久远的历史变迁中,固有文化的封闭状态曾经被打破,其文化内涵不是单一的而是多元并存的。在这种多元文化内涵中,构成鲁迅与故乡文化联系的核心与纽带是就是浙东民间文化。鲁迅与浙东民间文化有深刻的联系,浙东民间文化是他感悟、认同并追寻远古越文化传统的现实基础,他与故乡文化的联系,也是建立在这个基础之上。将浙东民间文化置于鲁迅与故乡文化联系的核心位置,即肯定了地缘是构成鲁迅背景文化的重要因素。从大的范围来看,这是一次试图在文化和文学之间、文化和鲁迅之间搭建联系和桥梁的努力,是从文化的范畴去寻找文学之所以如此、鲁迅之所以如此的依据。从“民间”的角度对鲁迅进行考察,是以“贴”的方式走近鲁迅,接近真实的鲁迅。即从精神层面关注鲁迅转向以生存体验的角度来研究鲁迅,这种研究以新理性来代替原来的理性,将鲁迅研究由神圣到民间、从集体性到个体性进一步深化。因此,本论文是在中国文化的大背景和源远流长的越文化中,追寻和接近真实的鲁迅,从思想文化的传承性、社会历史发展的曲折多样性、民风民俗的地域特殊性、思想家文学家的理论原创性等多维视角,阐明鲁迅的人格风范、个性心理、精神气质、创作实践等是如何受浙东民间文化的丰富滋养和深刻影响的,在本研究领域里有一定的理论和实践价值,从一定程度上将鲁迅研究推向了更细化和深化。论文共有绪论、主体部分的四章和结语六个部分。绪论部分简析了“浙东”、“民间文化”等概念,解释了为何要把鲁迅置于浙东民间文化这个背景中去剖析和研究,交代了论文选题的其他相关情况、基本思路和研究方法。第一章为“鲁迅的浙东民间文化背景”。影响一个作家成长的因素是多方面的,但他头顶上的那一方天空尤为重要,因此本章主要是理清影响鲁迅的浙东民间文化环境,包括独特的地理、特殊的历史文化传统、不一样的家族、乡风民性等,展示其生存环境的复杂格局,揭示了构成鲁迅复杂、深厚、多样的浙东民间文化背景,为下文的进一步论述打下基础。第二章为“鲁迅的民间文化立场”。世界上每个国家、每个民族都有民间文化。因此,很多思想家、哲学家、文学家等都把眼光投向了民间文化,用不同的研究角度和研究方法,将世界各国的民间文化进行比较研究,追溯历史上各民族之间的文化交流,凸显现实中的民族特征,由此探寻各个民族的不同文化性格和共同共通的人类本质。鲁迅就是这很多有识之士中的一个。虽然鲁迅并没有对民间文化进行专门的学术研究,但是通过对其言论和写作的研究和考察,本章归纳出鲁迅的民间文化观有亲民性、现实功利性和文化选择性的特征。第三章为“鲁迅人格中的浙东民间性”。成就鲁迅伟大人格有多种复杂的思想和文化资源,本章从浙东民间文化这个角度,截取浙东民间文化来关注、甚至锁定浙东民间文化来深入研究鲁迅的人格和它的深刻联系。因为鲁迅在浙东大地上度过了他的童年和少年时代,他的心理气质和人格个性中最基本的面貌特质的形成,都和浙东民间文化的蕴育有莫大的关系。浙东民间文化有着深厚的历史积淀,加上现实生活的融会,构成了独特的浙东民间文化氛围。浙东民间的文化思想精髓,通过文化的传承和民间的积淀,或直接作用、或间接投射在鲁迅身上,产生了很大作用。也就是说,鲁迅人格中有一定的浙东民间性,追问探索鲁迅的精神特质、人格个性成育过程,不难发现,正是植根和生长在浙东民间文化土壤中的个性心理气质,成为其中较为活跃的导向性因素,积极地发挥了选择和扬弃的作用。第四章为“鲁迅言说里的的浙东民间色彩”。在分析了鲁迅背后的浙东民间文化环境,鲁迅独特的民间文化观以及人格中的浙东民间性后,本章考察出考察鲁迅言说的精神内容和审美本质,离不开浙东民间文化背景和浙东民间文艺的影响,鲁迅言说的重要根基之一就是浙东民间文化,鲁迅没有抛弃这个传统,相反从这里面获得充分的养料,从而成功地完成了创造性转化,使其创作呈现出永恒无穷的深刻魅力。结语部分主要是在总结前几章的基础上,提出关于“鲁迅与浙东民间文化”这个论题,笔者还有一些未竟的、延续性的思考：一是乡土文学是新文学的一个重要支流,那么浙东民间文化是如何参与了新文学的生成及构造过程,以及它在鲁迅那里的审美呈现方式的重要意义是什么；如何定位鲁迅与浙东民间文化以及新文学之间的关系；浙东民间文化和新文学又是怎样互动,即相互影响相互渗透相互作用的。二是鲁迅和当下的浙东民间文化的关系是怎样的。鲁迅是一个世界文化伟人,是-个从浙东民间大地走出去的世界文化伟人,已经成为一个有多重意义的文化符号和文化传统,他和以后的浙东民间文化的关系又是怎样的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lu Xun was known as the’national soul’, and its ideological character, personality, cultural identity, the causes are extremely complex and the process, but they are deeply rooted in the soil of native culture is no doubt.Focus on the hometown of Lu Xun and cultural ties, you can see, the hometown of Shaoxing, in ancient times known Huaiji, changes in the long history, the traditional culture of the closed state has been broken, its cultural meaning is not single but multiple co-exist. In this multi-cultural content, the hometown of Lu Xun and cultural ties constitute the core and bonds is that eastern Zhejiang folk culture. Lu Xun and the Ancient folk culture has deep ties, eastern Zhejiang folk culture is his perception, identity and the pursuit of ancient cultural traditions of the more realistic basis for cultural ties with his homeland, but also built on this foundation.Lu Xun will be placed in eastern Zhejiang folk culture and cultural ties with the core of home, be sure to constitute a geographical and cultural background of the important factors of Lu Xun. From the large scale, this is the first attempt between culture and literature, culture, and to build links and bridges between Lu Xun; efforts. Cultural aspects from the literature to find the reason why Lu Xun is so based on. From the civil; to inspect the view of Lu Xun, is thestick, approach approached Lu, close to the real Lu Xun.Attention from the spiritual experience of Lu Xun; shift to the perspective of the survival of Lu Xun, such a study with a new reason to replace the original reason, the Lu Xun from the sacred to the people, from the collective to the individual nature of further deepened.Therefore, this paper is in the background of Chinese culture and long history of more culture, pursue and close to the real Lu Xun, from the ideological and cultural heritage, social history of the tortuous development of the diversity of geographical specificity of local customs and traditions, thinkers, writers such as the theory of original multi-dimensional perspective, to clarify Lu Xun;spersonality style, individual psychological, spiritual qualities, such as creative practice is how the rich folk culture by the eastern Zhejiang nourish and profound impact in this field, there are some theoretical and practical value From a certain extent, into a more detailed study of Lu Xun and deepened.Paper consists of six parts:introduction, four chapters of the main part and conclusion.Brief introduction explained concepts:the East Zhejiang,folk culture, Then explained why the East Zhejiang Lu placed in popular culture to the background analysis and research, explained the situation and other relevant topics of the basic ideas and research methods.The first chapter is "Lu Xun’s background is eastern Zhejiang folk culture". Factors affect the growth of a writer are many, but his head is particularly important that one sky, so this chapter is a sort of folk cultural environment in eastern Zhejiang Lu Xun: including the unique geography, special historical and cultural tradition, not the same family, village style Collected in Shanghai Museum, showing the complex pattern of their living environment, revealing the complex composition of Lu Xun, deep and diverse background in eastern Zhejiang folk culture, to lay the foundation for further discussed below.The second chapter is "Lu Xun position on popular culture". Every country in the world, every nation has folk culture.Therefore, many thinkers, philosophers, writers and so their eyes toward the folk culture, a different research perspective and research methods to the world a comparative study of folk culture, tracing the history of cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups, highlighting the the reality of national identity, which explore the character of each nation; different cultures, and shared a common human nature. Lu Xun was a lot of insight in this one. Although Lu Xun was not a special folk culture of academic research, but through their speech and writing of research and study, this chapter concludes with Lu Xun; People First concept of folk culture, reality and culture of selective utilitarian features.The third chapter is "Personality in the eastern Zhejiang Lu Folk". Lu Xun,great achievements in a variety of complex ideas of personality and cultural resources, this chapter from this point of eastern Zhejiang folk culture, folk culture to focus on the interception of eastern Zhejiang, eastern Zhejiang and even lock-depth study of folk culture to Lu Xun; character and its deep connection.Because the land of Lu Xun in eastern Zhejiang spent his childhood and youth, his psychological personality temperament and personality traits in the face of the most basic form, both of eastern Zhejiang folk culture are closely related breeds. Eastern Zhejiang folk culture has a profound historical accumulation, coupled with real-life mix, constitute a unique folk culture in eastern Zhejiang. Spirit and essence of folk culture of eastern Zhejiang, through cultural heritage and folk heritage, or directly or indirectly, projected on Lu Xun who had a big role.In other words, Lu Xun; character has some people of eastern Zhejiang, asked to explore the spirit of Lu Xun. character, personality personality into the education process, not difficult to find, it is rooted in folk culture and growth of the soil in the eastern Zhejiang individual psychological temperament, as One of the more active-oriented factors, played a positive role in selection and discard.The fourth chapter is "Lu said in the statement of the eastern Zhejiang folk color".Behind the analysis of Lu Xun, folk cultural environment in eastern Zhejiang, Lu Xun,s unique concept of folk culture and personality of the civil society of eastern Zhejiang, the chapter examines the study of Lu Xun The Spirit of the content and aesthetic nature, is inseparable from civil and cultural background and eastern Zhejiang folklore of eastern Zhejiang, Lu Xun.,s speech is one of the important foundations of eastern Zhejiang folk culture, Lu Xun did not abandon this tradition, on the contrary adequate nourishment from the inside, thus successfully completed the creative transformation, it presents a timeless creation infinitely deep charm.In conclusion, some of the major conclusion is based on the previous chapters, presented on "Lu Xun and the Ancient folk culture" thesis, the author there are some unfinished, the continuity of thought:First, local literature is an important tributary of the new literature, So how popular culture in East Zhejiang involved in the generation of new literature and the construction process, and its aesthetic presentation of Lu Xun, where the importance of that; how to position the Lu Xun and the Ancient folk culture and the relationship between the new literature; eastern Zhejiang folk culture and how is the interaction of new literature, that of mutual penetration of mutual interaction. Second, the eastern Zhejiang Lu Xun and the present relationship between the folk culture is like. Lu Xun was a great world culture, is a private land from the eastern Zhejiang go great world culture, has become a cultural symbol has multiple meanings and cultural traditions, he and the future relationship between the eastern Zhejiang folk culture is like.更多还原