中国低碳经济发展的政策研究

【作者】 薛睿；

【导师】 杨秋宝；

【作者基本信息】 中共中央党校 ， 政治经济学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 我国发展低碳经济,不仅是应对全球气候变化的战略性选择,也是寻求后国际金融危机时期新经济增长点的战略选择。发展低碳经济的重要组成部分是大力发展可再生清洁能源,改变以碳基能源为主的生产和消费结构。发展低碳能源可以降低我国二氧化碳排放总量和单位GDP碳排放强度,能够减少温室气体排放总量。低碳能源类产业是我国节能减排、建设资源节约型社会和环境友好型社会的重要环节,也是应对全球气候变化的重要策略。全球金融危机,改变着全球的经济、政治格局,也为我国提出了前所未有的挑战和机遇。在后国际金融危机时代,最根本的是寻求我国新经济增长点,发展实体经济。我国应当以低碳经济为契机,培育发展低碳农业、低碳工业、低碳金融业,建设低碳城市,走低碳发展道路。低碳经济以低碳工业技术为核心,不断创造新的消费需求,是未来经济增长的制高点。发展低碳经济,以低碳技术引领新科技革命浪潮,形成新经济增长点,实现我国经济结构的转型。低碳经济有利于我国转变经济发展方式,确立以内需为主的经济增长模式。低碳金融是未来全球金融业的重点发展领域。全球碳项目市场不断深入发展,碳配额市场逐步扩大。不断发展健全我国碳排放权交易市场,是提升国际金融竞争力的重要战略。低碳经济能够使我国经济发展中的挑战变为机遇,成为后金融危机时代的领军产业和未来可持续发展经济的引擎。大力发展低碳经济,能够不断优化我国产业结构,保持经济持续稳定增长。伴随着我国低碳经济的迅速发展,低碳经济政策研究必须不断深入和系统化。低碳经济政策分析,按照内容划分为财政政策、金融市场政策和产业政策,按时间应分为短期、中期和长期。低碳政策的设计,力求达到短期经济均衡、中期总供给和总需求的均衡,更重要的是为了实现长期经济增长目标。合理的政策体系,需要单个政策内部的合理组合与协调,同样需要多个政策之间的合理配合与协调。低碳经济政策研究,重点分析财政政策和产业政策的资源配置效应、技术进步效应和产业结构优化效应。低碳经济政策体系研究,不仅为当前发展低碳经济提供政策依据、建议和保证,也为长期低碳经济发展提供制度基础和保障,为我国经济社会发展提供有效的制度引擎。论文采用宏观分析与微观分析相结合、长期与中短期分析相结合的方法,同时运用定量与定性分析,综合、系统、全面地分析低碳经济的政策体系及政策效应。论文分四部分分析我国低碳经济发展的政策体系。第一部分阐释低碳经济发展的基本理论和发展政策的理论原理,内容涉及第一章和第二章。第二部分介绍国外发展低碳经济的政策措施和我国低碳经济的发展现状,指出国外经验的借鉴部分,并提出我国低碳经济的发展战略、路径选择和政策体系。内容涉及第三章和第四章。第三部分具体分析低碳政策模块,是整篇论文的重点部分。低碳财政政策中分析低碳财政支出和碳税政策。低碳金融市场包括碳排放权交易市场和低碳产业投融资市场。论文提出我国应当大力发展低碳产业发展所需的投融资市场。碳排放权交易市场政策中,详细阐述世界各主要碳排放市场的制度构建和市场发展状况,提出我国应当不断完善以清洁发展机制为基础的国际项目市场,并进行我国配额市场制度的初步设计。第四部分是低碳经济发展涉及到的碳关税等国际政策协调与合作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Low carbon economy development in our country, is not only fighting climate change, but also a strategic choice for new economic growth point after the international financial crisis period. Developing renewable clean energy is an important component of developing a low carbon economy.It could change the production and consumption structure mainly with carbon-based energy. Low carbon energy development can reduce China’s carbon dioxide emissions and emission intensity of unit GDP. It could reduce greenhouse gas emissions.Low carbon energy sources industry is an important link of China’s energy conservation, emission reduction, building a resource-conserving society and environment friendly society. It is also an important strategy of solving global climate change. The global financial crisis is changing the global economic and political situation. It also put forward the unprecedented challenges and opportunities to China. In the era of after international financial crisis, the most important thing is seeking the new economic growth point and developing economic entity in our country. China should take low carbon economy as an opportunity to own a low carbon development road, including developing low carbon agriculture, low carbon industry, low carbon finance, and constructing low carbon cities. Low carbon economy takes low carbon industrial technology as the core. Low carbon economy constantly create new consumption demand. It is the commanding heights of the future growth. Developing a low carbon economy, with low carbon technologies lead new technology revolution wave, forming new economic growth point, realize the transformation of China’s economic structure. A low carbon economy is conducive to transformation of the economic development pattern in our country and a domestic demand-oriented mode of economic growth. Low carbon finance is the key development area of future global finance. Global carbon project market is having further development; carbon quotas market is gradually enlarged. We should continuous develop and perfect China’s carbon emissions trading market.It is an important strategy of promoting international financial competitiveness. A low carbon economy can make the challenge to a chance of economic development in our country, which becoming the leading industry in the era of after the financial crisis and the engine of future sustainable development economic.Develop a low carbon economy can continuously optimize industrial structure in our country, it could maintain sustainable economic growth. Along with our country’s low carbon economic rapidly development, a low carbon economy policy research must unceasingly thorough and systematic. A low carbon economy policy analysis, according to the content is divided into fiscal policy and financial market policy and industrial policy, according to the time should be divided into short-term, medium-term and long-term. Low carbon policy design, strive to achieve the short-term economic equilibrium, medium total balance of supply and demand, more important is to achieve long-term economic growth targets. Reasonable policy system, need single policy coordination and the reasonable combination inside, also need more reasonable policies between cooperation and harmony. A low carbon economy policy research analyzes resource allocation effect, technological progress effect and the industrial structure optimization effect of fiscal policy and industrial policy. A low carbon economy policy system research not only provides the policy basis, advice and guarantees for the current low carbon economy development, also provide long-term institutional basis and guarantee for low carbon economy development. This could provide effective system engine for China’s economic and social development.This dissertation by using macro analysis combined with microscopic analysis, long-term and short-term analysis, and the method of combining the quantitative and qualitative analysis, comprehensive, systematic, comprehensive analysis a low carbon economy policy system and policy effect. This dissertation has four parts for low carbon economy development policy system analysis. The first part explains the basic theory of a low carbon economy and low carbon policy. The theory involves the first chapter and the second chapter. The second part introduces foreign low carbon economy policy measures and current situation of China’s low carbon economy development. The second part points out that the current foreign experience for reference, and puts forward development strategy, path selection and policy system of China’s low carbon economy. Content involves the third chapter and the fourth chapter. The third part concrete analysis low carbon policy module, is the whole thesis key parts.Low carbon fiscal policy analyses low carbon financial expenditure and carbon tax policy, enrich the connotation of existing policy. Low carbon financial markets including carbon emissions trading market and low carbon industry financing market. The article puts forward China should vigorously develop financing market which low carbon industry development needed. About carbon emissions trading market policies, this paper expounded the major carbon market system inworld and market development condition in detail, puts forward that our country should constantly perfecting the international project market which based on clean development mechanism, and preliminary design the quota market system. The fourth part involves carbon tariffs under a low carbon economy development and other international policy coordination and cooperation.更多还原