【作者】 王云峰；

【导师】 高新才；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 区域经济学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 随着农业生产力的发展和农业文明向现代工业文明的演进,世界范围内农业生产的组织方式从横向上看生产者由分散走向联合,从纵向上看生产、加工、销售等环节由独立走向一体化。以自然区位布局为基础,农业生产组织方式的变化对农业发展提出了新的要求——布局区域化与生产经营专业化的结合,即农业区域专业化。在理论层次上,以区域分工、规模经济、产业组织和农业产业化理论为基础,本文分别分析了农业区域专业化的内涵、演化机理及产业组织在其演化中的作用机制,把农业区域专业化视为规模化与专业化交织的一个动态变化过程。在农业地区专业化即自然区位布局的基础上,农业生产部门和经营部门通过合作经济组织和涉农企业联系起来,并且随着农业分工从多样化到专业化的深化、生产经营从分散化到规模化的联合,高级阶段的农业区域专业化最终表现为农业产业化水平的提高。在实践层次上,本文首先总结了西部农业区域专业化的现状和问题,从自然、经济和体制三方面分析了问题产生的原因。通过对西部地区农业产业组织历史演进的考察,从经济、社会、政策和制度等方面研究了其演进的动力机制。在此基础上,从产业组织角度分析了西部农业区域专业化主体结构和内部组织协调。综合以上两方面的分析,本文对西部地区农业区域专业化问题进行了实证研究。通过测算西部地区主要农作物的生产效率和规模比较优势,选择油菜为研究对象,并建立了一个包括专业化、规模化和产业化的综合指标体系,采用因子分析法考察了西部地区农业区域专业化水平。不同区域的对比研究发现,农业区域专业化必须强化比较优势的发挥、强调农产品生产与流通的衔接、重视土地适度规模经营。最后,论文在分析和总结农业产业组织创新的目的、原则和思路的基础上,探讨了西部地区农业区域专业化水平提升的实现路径,认为西部地区农业区域专业化的进一步发展,应从农业生产的角度加强农业生产要素联合,推广普及农业新技术,从农业经营的角度着重完善农业市场体系。同时,政府作为农业区域专业化体系中的公共服务部门,还应加大农业宏观调控的力度。更多还原

【Abstract】 With development of agricultural productivity and the evolution from agriculture civilization to modern industrial civilization, worldwide organization way of agricultural production is that agricultural producers were from scattered to joint in horizontal, and segment such as production, process, sales and etc. were from independence to integration in vertically. Based on natural location layout, the change of organization way of agricultural production put forward new requests:combined distribution regionalization and production management specialization, namely agricultural regional specialization.At a theoretical level, based on regional distribution, scale economy, industrial organization and agricultural industrialization theories, this paper separately analyses the connotation and evolution mechanism of agricultural regional specialization, which is regarded as a dynamic changed progress of scalization and specialization interlacement, and the role industrial organization plays in evolution mechanism is also reserched. Based on agricultural regional specialization namely natural location layout, agricultural production department and management department linked agricultural enterprises through cooperation economic organization, and agricultural distribution deepen from diversification to specialization, production management joint from decentralization and scalization, with which high stage agricultural regional specialization represented development of agricultural production finally.At a practice level, firstly, this paper concluded current situation and problems of west agricultural regional specialization, analyses the causes of the problem from nature, economy and system. Through reviewing the history of west region agricultural industrial organization, this paper researches dynamical mechanism of its evolution from economy, society, policy and system. Based on this, this paper analyses main body structure and internal framework harmonize of west area agricultural regional specialization.Through the analysis of above two, this paper made positive research on the problems of west area agricultural regional specialization. Through measuring and calculating west area main crops productive efficiency and scale comparative advantages, we choose rapeseed as study object, build aggregative indicator system which is including specialization, scalization and industrialization, and study west area agricultural regional industrial specialization level with Factor analysis. Compared with different areas, we find that doing agricultural regional specialization, we have to strengthen development of comparative advantages, stress joining between farm produce production and circulation and take land moderately scale management seriously.In final, based on analysis and conclusion of the goal, principle and thinking of agricultural industrial organization innovation, this paper studies implement method of development of west areas agricultural regional specialization level, which consider that in order to deepen development of west area agricultural regional specialization, from the point of agricultural production view, agricultural production factors combined should be strengthened, new agricultural technology should be popularized, and from the point of agricultural management view, agricultural market economic system should be developed. Meanwhile, as a public service department in agricultural regional specialization system, government should increase the strength of agricultural macro-control.更多还原